CSET social science subtest 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_bsj6g9
1. History: How historical events have shaped political thought and process.
2. Sociology: The effects of various stages of social development on the growth and
development of government and politics.
3. Anthropology: The effects of governmental process on the culture of an individ-
ual group and its relationship with other groups.
4. Economic: how government policies regulate distribution of products and how
they control and or influence the economy in general
5. ensuring national security: the government protects against international, do-
mestic, and terrorist attacks and also ensures ongoing security through negotiating
and establishing relationships with other governments
6. Providing Public Services: the government should "promote the general wel-
fare," as stated in the Preamble to the US Constitution, by providing whatever is
needed to its citizens
7. Ensuring social order: government supplies means of settling conflicts among
citizens as well as making laws to govern the nation, state, or city
8. Making Decisions regarding the economy: laws help form the economic policy
of the country, regarding both domestic and international trade and related issues.
The government also has the ability to distribute goods and wealth to some extent
among its citizens
9. Evolutionary: The state evolved from the family. with the head of state the
equivalent of the family's patriarch of matriarch
10. Force: One person or group of people brought everyone in a n area under their
control, forming the first government.
11. Divine Right: Certain people were chosen by the prevailing deity to be the rulers
of the nation, which is itself created by the deity or deities
12. Social Contract: There is no natural order. The people allow themselves to be
governed to maintain social order, while the state in turn promises to protect the
people they govern. If the government fails to protect its people, the people have
the right to seek new leaders, the government fails to protect its people, the people
have the right to seek new leaders.
13. Thomas Aquinas: Adapted the ideas of Aristotle to a Christian perspective. His
idea stated that individuals should have certain rights, but also certain duties and
that these rights and duties should determine the type and extent of government
rule. in stating that laws should limit the role of governments, he laid the groundwork
for ideas that would eventually become modern constitutionalism.
14. Niccolo Machiavelli: Author of The Prince. Was a proponent of politics based
on power. He is often considered the founder of modern political science.
15. Thomas Hobbes: Author of Leviathan (1651), believed that individuals' lives
were focused solely on a quest for power, and that the state must work to control
, CSET social science subtest 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_bsj6g9
this urge. Hobbes felt that the people were completely unable to live harmoniously
without the intervention of a powerful, undivided government.
16. John Locke: Published Two Treaties of Govermnent in 1689. This work argued
against the ideas of Thomas Hobbes. He put forth the Theory of Tabula Rasa -
That people are born with minds like blank slates. Individual minds are molded by
experience, not innate knowledge or intuition. He also believed that all men should be
independent and equal. Many of Locke's ideas found their way into the constitution
of the United States.
17. Montesquieu & Rousseau: They heavily influence the French Revolution. Gov-
ernment policies and ideas should change to alleviate existing problems (liberalism).
Rousseau wrote, "The Social Contract", "The Declaration of the Rights of Man", and
"The Citizen". There ideas also included:
- Individual freedom and community welfare are of equal importance
- Man's innate goodness leads to natural harmony.
- Reason develops with the rise of civilized society.
- Individual citizens carry certain obligations to the existing government.
18. David Hume and Jeremy Bentham: Believed politics should have as its main
goal maintaining "the greatest happiness for the greatest number."
19. John Stuart Mill: A British philosopher as well as an economist, believed in
progressive policies such as womans suffrage, emancipation and the development
of labor unions and farming cooperatives.
20. Johann Fichte and Georg Hegel: German philosophers in the late eighteenth
and early nineteenth centuries, supported a form of liberalism grounded largely in
socialism and a sense of nationalism.
21. Liberal: Believe that government should work to increase equality, even at the
expense of some freedoms. Government should assist those in need. Focus on
enforced social justice and free basic services for everyone.
22. Conservative: believes that government should be limited in most cases. The
government should allow its citizen to help one another and solve their own problems
rather than enforcing solutions. business should not be overregulated, allowing a
free market.
23. Moderate: This ideology incorporates some liberal and some conservative val-
ues generally falling somewhere between in overall belief.
24. Libertarian: Believe that government's role should be limited to protecting the
life and liberty of citizens. Government should not be involved in any citizen's life
unless that citizen is encroaching upon the rights of another.
25. Federalism: The power of the government does not belong entirely to the
national government but is divided between federal and state government.
, CSET social science subtest 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_bsj6g9
26. Popular Sovereignty: The government is determined by the people, and gains
its authority and power from the people.
27. Separation of Powers: The government is divided into 3 branches, executive,
legislative, and judicial, with each branch having its own set of power.
28. Judicial Review: Courts at all levels of government can declare laws invalid if
they contradict the constitutions of individual state, or the US constitution, with the
Supreme Court serving as the final judicial authority on decision of this kind.
29. Checks and Balances: No single branch can act without input from another, and
each branch has the power to "check" any other, as well as balance other branches'
powers
30. Limited Government: Government powers are limited and certain individual
rights are defined as inviolable by the government.
31. Expressed Powers: powers directly defined in the constitution, including power
to declare warm regulate commerce, making money, and collect taxes.
32. Implied Powers: Powers the national government must have in order to carry
out the expressed powers.
33. Inherent Powers: Powers inherent to any government, not expressly defined in
the constitution.
34. State Rights: Those favoring this position feel that the state governments should
take the lead in performing local actions to manage various problems.
35. Nationalists: Those favoring a nationalist position feel the national government
should take the lead to deal with those same matters.
36. Federalism Effects on Public Policy: -determining whether local, state, or
national government originates policy
-affecting how policies are made
-ensuring policy making functions under a set of limitations
37. Federalism influences the political balance of power in the US by: - Making
it difficult, if not impossible for a single political party to seize total power.
- Ensuring that individuals can participate in the political system at various levels.
- Making it possible for individuals working within the system to be able to affect
policy at some level, whether local or more widespread.
38. Legislative Branch: This consists of the two Houses of Congress: The House
of Representatives and the Senate. All members of the this are elected officials.
39. Executive Branch: This branch is made up of the President, Vice President,
presidential advisors, and other various cabinet members. Advisors and cabinet are
appointed by the president but must be approved by Congress.
40. Judicial Branch: The federal court system, headed by the Supreme Court.
41. Responsibilities of the Legislative Branch: Largely concerned with law-mak-
ing. All laws must be approved by Congress before they go into effect.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_bsj6g9
1. History: How historical events have shaped political thought and process.
2. Sociology: The effects of various stages of social development on the growth and
development of government and politics.
3. Anthropology: The effects of governmental process on the culture of an individ-
ual group and its relationship with other groups.
4. Economic: how government policies regulate distribution of products and how
they control and or influence the economy in general
5. ensuring national security: the government protects against international, do-
mestic, and terrorist attacks and also ensures ongoing security through negotiating
and establishing relationships with other governments
6. Providing Public Services: the government should "promote the general wel-
fare," as stated in the Preamble to the US Constitution, by providing whatever is
needed to its citizens
7. Ensuring social order: government supplies means of settling conflicts among
citizens as well as making laws to govern the nation, state, or city
8. Making Decisions regarding the economy: laws help form the economic policy
of the country, regarding both domestic and international trade and related issues.
The government also has the ability to distribute goods and wealth to some extent
among its citizens
9. Evolutionary: The state evolved from the family. with the head of state the
equivalent of the family's patriarch of matriarch
10. Force: One person or group of people brought everyone in a n area under their
control, forming the first government.
11. Divine Right: Certain people were chosen by the prevailing deity to be the rulers
of the nation, which is itself created by the deity or deities
12. Social Contract: There is no natural order. The people allow themselves to be
governed to maintain social order, while the state in turn promises to protect the
people they govern. If the government fails to protect its people, the people have
the right to seek new leaders, the government fails to protect its people, the people
have the right to seek new leaders.
13. Thomas Aquinas: Adapted the ideas of Aristotle to a Christian perspective. His
idea stated that individuals should have certain rights, but also certain duties and
that these rights and duties should determine the type and extent of government
rule. in stating that laws should limit the role of governments, he laid the groundwork
for ideas that would eventually become modern constitutionalism.
14. Niccolo Machiavelli: Author of The Prince. Was a proponent of politics based
on power. He is often considered the founder of modern political science.
15. Thomas Hobbes: Author of Leviathan (1651), believed that individuals' lives
were focused solely on a quest for power, and that the state must work to control
, CSET social science subtest 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_bsj6g9
this urge. Hobbes felt that the people were completely unable to live harmoniously
without the intervention of a powerful, undivided government.
16. John Locke: Published Two Treaties of Govermnent in 1689. This work argued
against the ideas of Thomas Hobbes. He put forth the Theory of Tabula Rasa -
That people are born with minds like blank slates. Individual minds are molded by
experience, not innate knowledge or intuition. He also believed that all men should be
independent and equal. Many of Locke's ideas found their way into the constitution
of the United States.
17. Montesquieu & Rousseau: They heavily influence the French Revolution. Gov-
ernment policies and ideas should change to alleviate existing problems (liberalism).
Rousseau wrote, "The Social Contract", "The Declaration of the Rights of Man", and
"The Citizen". There ideas also included:
- Individual freedom and community welfare are of equal importance
- Man's innate goodness leads to natural harmony.
- Reason develops with the rise of civilized society.
- Individual citizens carry certain obligations to the existing government.
18. David Hume and Jeremy Bentham: Believed politics should have as its main
goal maintaining "the greatest happiness for the greatest number."
19. John Stuart Mill: A British philosopher as well as an economist, believed in
progressive policies such as womans suffrage, emancipation and the development
of labor unions and farming cooperatives.
20. Johann Fichte and Georg Hegel: German philosophers in the late eighteenth
and early nineteenth centuries, supported a form of liberalism grounded largely in
socialism and a sense of nationalism.
21. Liberal: Believe that government should work to increase equality, even at the
expense of some freedoms. Government should assist those in need. Focus on
enforced social justice and free basic services for everyone.
22. Conservative: believes that government should be limited in most cases. The
government should allow its citizen to help one another and solve their own problems
rather than enforcing solutions. business should not be overregulated, allowing a
free market.
23. Moderate: This ideology incorporates some liberal and some conservative val-
ues generally falling somewhere between in overall belief.
24. Libertarian: Believe that government's role should be limited to protecting the
life and liberty of citizens. Government should not be involved in any citizen's life
unless that citizen is encroaching upon the rights of another.
25. Federalism: The power of the government does not belong entirely to the
national government but is divided between federal and state government.
, CSET social science subtest 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_bsj6g9
26. Popular Sovereignty: The government is determined by the people, and gains
its authority and power from the people.
27. Separation of Powers: The government is divided into 3 branches, executive,
legislative, and judicial, with each branch having its own set of power.
28. Judicial Review: Courts at all levels of government can declare laws invalid if
they contradict the constitutions of individual state, or the US constitution, with the
Supreme Court serving as the final judicial authority on decision of this kind.
29. Checks and Balances: No single branch can act without input from another, and
each branch has the power to "check" any other, as well as balance other branches'
powers
30. Limited Government: Government powers are limited and certain individual
rights are defined as inviolable by the government.
31. Expressed Powers: powers directly defined in the constitution, including power
to declare warm regulate commerce, making money, and collect taxes.
32. Implied Powers: Powers the national government must have in order to carry
out the expressed powers.
33. Inherent Powers: Powers inherent to any government, not expressly defined in
the constitution.
34. State Rights: Those favoring this position feel that the state governments should
take the lead in performing local actions to manage various problems.
35. Nationalists: Those favoring a nationalist position feel the national government
should take the lead to deal with those same matters.
36. Federalism Effects on Public Policy: -determining whether local, state, or
national government originates policy
-affecting how policies are made
-ensuring policy making functions under a set of limitations
37. Federalism influences the political balance of power in the US by: - Making
it difficult, if not impossible for a single political party to seize total power.
- Ensuring that individuals can participate in the political system at various levels.
- Making it possible for individuals working within the system to be able to affect
policy at some level, whether local or more widespread.
38. Legislative Branch: This consists of the two Houses of Congress: The House
of Representatives and the Senate. All members of the this are elected officials.
39. Executive Branch: This branch is made up of the President, Vice President,
presidential advisors, and other various cabinet members. Advisors and cabinet are
appointed by the president but must be approved by Congress.
40. Judicial Branch: The federal court system, headed by the Supreme Court.
41. Responsibilities of the Legislative Branch: Largely concerned with law-mak-
ing. All laws must be approved by Congress before they go into effect.
