Fundamentals of Nursing Practice Questions and
Correct Answers, With Rationale, Complete Verified
Solution. 2024/2025.
Which medication administration situations should be documented in a
healthcare facility's incident reporting system?
A. Medication errors and adverse drug reactions only
B. Medication errors that cause patient harm
C. Near misses and medication errors only
D.near misses, medication errors, and adverse drug reactions
D. Near misses, medication errors, and adverse drug reactions must all be documented
in the facility's incident reporting system.
The patient self-determination act of 1990 requires all of the hospitals to do which
of the following?
A. Collect data on contagious diseases
B. Collect data on patient falls
C. Inform patients about advanced directives
D. Inform patients about medication side effects
C. The patient self-determination act of 1990 requires all hospitals to inform patients
about advanced healthcare directives upon admission to a hospital
A nurse is assessing his patients in the morning and finds that a frail a 85 year-
old female patient is soiled in bed. The patient reports that she has been asked to
cleaned numerous times and has been ignored. Of the following, which
demonstrates appropriate documentation in the patient's chart.
A. The patient was found soiled in bed by this RN. she reports being left alone all
night by the night shift RN, who did not clean her before the change of shift. She
was given a bed bath and provided skin care. Her skin was reddened on her
buttocks; emollient applied.
B. The patient was found soiled in bed by this RN. She was incontinent of urine
and feces and she said she was "ignored for hours" by the night shift RN. She
was given a bed bath and provided skin care. Her skin was reddened on her
buttocks; emollient applied.
,C.The patient was found soiled; incontinent of urine and feces. She was given a
bed bath and provided skin care. Her skin was reddened on the buttocks;
Emollient applied. Incident report made.
D. The patient was found soiled; incontinent of urine and feces. She was given a
bed bath and provided skin care. Her skin was reddened on the buttocks;
emollient applied.
D. The patient was found soiled; incontinent of urine and feces. She was given a bed
bath and provided skin care. Her skin was reddened on the buttocks; emollient applied.
**Documentation Must stick to objective descriptions of what happen in any
assessments and interventions performed. Personal biases or information that applies
misconduct should never be documented in the patient's chart
A home health nurse makes weekly visits to an 87-year-old client who lives with
her son. When home alone, the client is talkative and friendly, but when the son is
home, the client is observed to be withdrawn and appears anxious. The client has
bruises, which she states is from "bumping into things" and a weight-loss of 10
pounds in the past month. With these objective findings, the nurse is required to
do which of the following?
select all that apply.
A. ask the client if she has any concerns about her living situation, maintaining
an objective, non-accusatory role.
B. Confront the son about the abuse, demanding that he turn himself in to seek
help for the abusive pattern of behavior.
C. Question the client's son privately about the suspicions of his mother's
condition and about possible abuse or neglect.
D. Report suspected abuse to adult protective services so investigation into the
clients welfare can be performed.
C, D
All states have statutes requiring mandatory reporting by nurses and other healthcare
workers of any suspected abuse of children, disabled, and the elderly.
The nurse should probably discuss with the client any concerns about the client safety
The nurse is also required by law to report any suspected abuse or neglect because the
nurses are mandated reporters.
The nurse understands the following about informing and obtaining consent for
an eight-year-old patient who is undergoing a heart transplant:
Select all that apply.
,A. Since the child is a minor, he does not need to be informed about the surgery
B. The child must be informed about the surgery.
C. The child must sign the informed consent form along with their parent
D. The child only needs to know the risks of the surgery.
E. The parent/guardian must be informed of the risks and benefits of the
procedure and sign the informed consent on behalf of the child
B, E
The child must be informed about the surgery and the parent/guardian must be
informed of the risks and benefits of the procedure and sign the informed consent on
the half of the child
The patient refuses chemotherapy based on religious beliefs. The hospital staff
must follow his decision based on which patient right?
A. The right to counsel
B. The right to informed consent
C. The right to refuse treatment
D. The right to suffer
C. The right to refuse treatment
A nurse notices at the start of the shift that the patient's IV anabiotic scheduled to
be given six hours ago is still hanging on the patient's IV pole. The pump is
turned off and the tubing is not connected to the patient. The antibiotic is
documented as given on the MAR by the previous nurse. What is the first thing
that the nurse should do?
A. Document findings in the facilities incident reporting system
B. Document physician notification in the medical record
C. Notify the charge nurse of the missed dose
D. notify the physician of the missed dose and seek orders for the next dose
timing
D. Notify the physician of the missed dose and seek orders for the next dose timing
The first action the nurse should take is to ensure the patient receives the order therapy
by notifying the physician and seeking orders for the timing of the next dose of
, antibiotic. Antibiotics are most effective when there is a therapeutic level in the patient's
system. The most important thing the nurse can do in this situation is to make sure the
physician is aware of the missed dose so that the antibiotic schedule can be adjusted if
needed.
** After notifying the physician and adjusting the dosing schedule, the nurse should
document physician notification, notify the charge nurse, and complete an incident
report.
A nurse on the medical surgical floor is caring for an elderly patient with
dementia. The patient's adult child is staying with the patient during the hospital
stay. The patient's dementia and confusion is worse at night in a phenomenon
known as "sundowners" the doctor has order for the patient to receive
alpralozam 1mg PO q hs as needed for anxiety. The patients child called the
nurses station at 7:30 PM requesting that the patient be given the medication
early because the patient will not stay in bed. The nurse knows which of the
following about this request?
A. Alpralozam can be used as a chemical restraint since it is ordered by the
doctor
B. Giving the alpralozam early to keep the patient in bed is using it as a chemical
restraint
C. The alpralozam can be given at 7:30 PM since the patient will be in bed.
D. The alprazolam order can only be given after 10 PM.
B. Giving the Alpralozam early to keep the patient in bed is using it as a chemical
restraint
Medications ordered by the doctor to be used for anxiety as needed are only to be
administered as directed for anxiety. Using these anxiolytics as a means to keep a
patient in bed is considered a chemical restraint
A patient was mistakenly given 40 mg of propranolol instead of her scheduled
levothyroxine. After assessing the patient and reporting this to the physician, the
nurse makes a written report that the medication was given in error to the patient
due to a mixup in the med room. Where does this report go?
A. The report goes in the patient's MAR ( medication administration record) only
B. The report goes in the patient's chart
C. The report goes to the charge nurse
D. The report is sent to risk prevention
D. The report is sent to risk prevention
Correct Answers, With Rationale, Complete Verified
Solution. 2024/2025.
Which medication administration situations should be documented in a
healthcare facility's incident reporting system?
A. Medication errors and adverse drug reactions only
B. Medication errors that cause patient harm
C. Near misses and medication errors only
D.near misses, medication errors, and adverse drug reactions
D. Near misses, medication errors, and adverse drug reactions must all be documented
in the facility's incident reporting system.
The patient self-determination act of 1990 requires all of the hospitals to do which
of the following?
A. Collect data on contagious diseases
B. Collect data on patient falls
C. Inform patients about advanced directives
D. Inform patients about medication side effects
C. The patient self-determination act of 1990 requires all hospitals to inform patients
about advanced healthcare directives upon admission to a hospital
A nurse is assessing his patients in the morning and finds that a frail a 85 year-
old female patient is soiled in bed. The patient reports that she has been asked to
cleaned numerous times and has been ignored. Of the following, which
demonstrates appropriate documentation in the patient's chart.
A. The patient was found soiled in bed by this RN. she reports being left alone all
night by the night shift RN, who did not clean her before the change of shift. She
was given a bed bath and provided skin care. Her skin was reddened on her
buttocks; emollient applied.
B. The patient was found soiled in bed by this RN. She was incontinent of urine
and feces and she said she was "ignored for hours" by the night shift RN. She
was given a bed bath and provided skin care. Her skin was reddened on her
buttocks; emollient applied.
,C.The patient was found soiled; incontinent of urine and feces. She was given a
bed bath and provided skin care. Her skin was reddened on the buttocks;
Emollient applied. Incident report made.
D. The patient was found soiled; incontinent of urine and feces. She was given a
bed bath and provided skin care. Her skin was reddened on the buttocks;
emollient applied.
D. The patient was found soiled; incontinent of urine and feces. She was given a bed
bath and provided skin care. Her skin was reddened on the buttocks; emollient applied.
**Documentation Must stick to objective descriptions of what happen in any
assessments and interventions performed. Personal biases or information that applies
misconduct should never be documented in the patient's chart
A home health nurse makes weekly visits to an 87-year-old client who lives with
her son. When home alone, the client is talkative and friendly, but when the son is
home, the client is observed to be withdrawn and appears anxious. The client has
bruises, which she states is from "bumping into things" and a weight-loss of 10
pounds in the past month. With these objective findings, the nurse is required to
do which of the following?
select all that apply.
A. ask the client if she has any concerns about her living situation, maintaining
an objective, non-accusatory role.
B. Confront the son about the abuse, demanding that he turn himself in to seek
help for the abusive pattern of behavior.
C. Question the client's son privately about the suspicions of his mother's
condition and about possible abuse or neglect.
D. Report suspected abuse to adult protective services so investigation into the
clients welfare can be performed.
C, D
All states have statutes requiring mandatory reporting by nurses and other healthcare
workers of any suspected abuse of children, disabled, and the elderly.
The nurse should probably discuss with the client any concerns about the client safety
The nurse is also required by law to report any suspected abuse or neglect because the
nurses are mandated reporters.
The nurse understands the following about informing and obtaining consent for
an eight-year-old patient who is undergoing a heart transplant:
Select all that apply.
,A. Since the child is a minor, he does not need to be informed about the surgery
B. The child must be informed about the surgery.
C. The child must sign the informed consent form along with their parent
D. The child only needs to know the risks of the surgery.
E. The parent/guardian must be informed of the risks and benefits of the
procedure and sign the informed consent on behalf of the child
B, E
The child must be informed about the surgery and the parent/guardian must be
informed of the risks and benefits of the procedure and sign the informed consent on
the half of the child
The patient refuses chemotherapy based on religious beliefs. The hospital staff
must follow his decision based on which patient right?
A. The right to counsel
B. The right to informed consent
C. The right to refuse treatment
D. The right to suffer
C. The right to refuse treatment
A nurse notices at the start of the shift that the patient's IV anabiotic scheduled to
be given six hours ago is still hanging on the patient's IV pole. The pump is
turned off and the tubing is not connected to the patient. The antibiotic is
documented as given on the MAR by the previous nurse. What is the first thing
that the nurse should do?
A. Document findings in the facilities incident reporting system
B. Document physician notification in the medical record
C. Notify the charge nurse of the missed dose
D. notify the physician of the missed dose and seek orders for the next dose
timing
D. Notify the physician of the missed dose and seek orders for the next dose timing
The first action the nurse should take is to ensure the patient receives the order therapy
by notifying the physician and seeking orders for the timing of the next dose of
, antibiotic. Antibiotics are most effective when there is a therapeutic level in the patient's
system. The most important thing the nurse can do in this situation is to make sure the
physician is aware of the missed dose so that the antibiotic schedule can be adjusted if
needed.
** After notifying the physician and adjusting the dosing schedule, the nurse should
document physician notification, notify the charge nurse, and complete an incident
report.
A nurse on the medical surgical floor is caring for an elderly patient with
dementia. The patient's adult child is staying with the patient during the hospital
stay. The patient's dementia and confusion is worse at night in a phenomenon
known as "sundowners" the doctor has order for the patient to receive
alpralozam 1mg PO q hs as needed for anxiety. The patients child called the
nurses station at 7:30 PM requesting that the patient be given the medication
early because the patient will not stay in bed. The nurse knows which of the
following about this request?
A. Alpralozam can be used as a chemical restraint since it is ordered by the
doctor
B. Giving the alpralozam early to keep the patient in bed is using it as a chemical
restraint
C. The alpralozam can be given at 7:30 PM since the patient will be in bed.
D. The alprazolam order can only be given after 10 PM.
B. Giving the Alpralozam early to keep the patient in bed is using it as a chemical
restraint
Medications ordered by the doctor to be used for anxiety as needed are only to be
administered as directed for anxiety. Using these anxiolytics as a means to keep a
patient in bed is considered a chemical restraint
A patient was mistakenly given 40 mg of propranolol instead of her scheduled
levothyroxine. After assessing the patient and reporting this to the physician, the
nurse makes a written report that the medication was given in error to the patient
due to a mixup in the med room. Where does this report go?
A. The report goes in the patient's MAR ( medication administration record) only
B. The report goes in the patient's chart
C. The report goes to the charge nurse
D. The report is sent to risk prevention
D. The report is sent to risk prevention
