Geography 101 Test with 100% Right Answers

Geography - study of patterns (spatial) and distributions on the earth. If you of east, is time getting earlier or later? - It is 1hr later for every 15 degrees of longitude. What happens when you cross the International Dateline? - The calendar changes not the clock. West to east=one day earlier East to west=one day later International Dateline - The line marking a time difference of an entire day from one side of the line to the other. Located in the middle of a time zone and does not follow a straight line. Centered on the 180 degree meridian (longitude). Great Circle - a circle whose center coincides with the center of the earth; divides the world/sphere in half (Great Meridians) Equinox - the time/date (twice each year) at which the sun crosses the celestial equator, 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. Solstice - When the sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at noon, marked by the longest and shortest days. Summer solstice= June 21 Winter solstice= December 21 What is the earth's shape? - Oblate spheroid (flat at the poles) What is a map projection? - An orderly system of parallels and meridians used as a basis for drawing a map. Maps cannot correctly show size of areas, shape of areas nor distance and direction. Mercator projection - also called a conformal projection, shows areas in correct shape but not the right size (originally for navigation). Scale - The relationship between the length on a map and the actual distance on the ground. Scale=distance on map/distance on ground Graphic Scale - (linear scale) uses a marked line to show the scale What is science? - a process of gaining knowledge.