Summary - Introduction to anatomy

Notes on Head and Neck Anatomy

*Thyroid Gland:

- Location: Front of the neck, below the Adam's apple.

- Structure: Butterfly-shaped, consisting of two lobes connected by an
isthmus.

- Function:

- Produces hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

- Regulates metabolism, energy production, and growth.

- Controls heart rate, body temperature, and weight.



*Parathyroid Glands

- Location: Usually four small glands located on the back of the thyroid
gland.

- Function:

- Produce parathyroid hormone (PTH).

- Regulates calcium and phosphate levels in the blood.

- Important for bone health, muscle function, and nerve signaling.



*Salivary Glands

- Types:

- Parotid glands: Located near the ears, the largest salivary glands.

- Submandibular glands: Located beneath the lower jaw.

- Sublingual glands: Located under the tongue.

- Function:

- Produce saliva, which contains enzymes like amylase.

- Saliva aids in digestion, lubricates the mouth, and protects teeth from
decay.

- Contains antibacterial compounds and maintains oral hygiene.



*Conclusion