FYBSc BOTANY, RJSUBOT202, PAPER II, UNIT II
ECONOMIC BOTANY :
FOOD AND INDUSTRIAL CROPS – CULTIVATION, PRODUCTION AND USES OF
BAJRA (PEARL MILLET), AND SUGARCANE
BEVERAGES – COCCA : HISTORY, ORIGIN, PROCESSING AND PRODUCTION
OF CHOCOLATES
CULTIVATION, PRODUCTION AND USES OF BAJRA (PEARL MILLET)
INTRODUCTION:
• Bajra popularly known as Pearl millet, cattail millet or bulrush belongs to the
family Gramineae or Poaceae, a monocot family of angiosperms.
• The botanical name is Pennisetum glaucum.
• The crop is cultivated for grain as well as for fodder in the arid region of Africa and
Asia and as a pasture in U.S.A.
• It is originated in India or Africa. It is grown all over India except Assam and part of
northeast India.
CLIMATE AND SOIL:
• The crop has a wide adaptability as it may grow under different day lengths,
temperature and moisture stress.
• Most of the varieties developed in India are photosensitive which helps in
growing the crop during monsoon, rabi and arid season.
• It requires low annual rainfall ranging between 40-50 cm and dry weather. The crop
may tolerate drought but cannot withstand high rainfall of 90 cm or above.
• Light soils of low inherent fertility good drainage, mild salinity are best type for this
crop.
• Crop does not tolerate soil acidity.
LAND PREPARATION:
• The crop needs very fine tilth (soil condition) because the seeds are too small. 2-3
harrowings and a ploughing is followed so that a fine tilth may be obtained to
facilitate the sowing and proper distribution of seed at appropriate depth.
VARIETIES:
• NBH-149, VBH-4 developed for Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat,
Maharashtra are capable of producing 14% higher yield.
• ICM4-155 gave higher yield than the standard check and adopted for all growing
tracts of India. Also H-306, NH-338 and hybrid like MP-204, MP205 have been
identified.
SOWING
ECONOMIC BOTANY :
FOOD AND INDUSTRIAL CROPS – CULTIVATION, PRODUCTION AND USES OF
BAJRA (PEARL MILLET), AND SUGARCANE
BEVERAGES – COCCA : HISTORY, ORIGIN, PROCESSING AND PRODUCTION
OF CHOCOLATES
CULTIVATION, PRODUCTION AND USES OF BAJRA (PEARL MILLET)
INTRODUCTION:
• Bajra popularly known as Pearl millet, cattail millet or bulrush belongs to the
family Gramineae or Poaceae, a monocot family of angiosperms.
• The botanical name is Pennisetum glaucum.
• The crop is cultivated for grain as well as for fodder in the arid region of Africa and
Asia and as a pasture in U.S.A.
• It is originated in India or Africa. It is grown all over India except Assam and part of
northeast India.
CLIMATE AND SOIL:
• The crop has a wide adaptability as it may grow under different day lengths,
temperature and moisture stress.
• Most of the varieties developed in India are photosensitive which helps in
growing the crop during monsoon, rabi and arid season.
• It requires low annual rainfall ranging between 40-50 cm and dry weather. The crop
may tolerate drought but cannot withstand high rainfall of 90 cm or above.
• Light soils of low inherent fertility good drainage, mild salinity are best type for this
crop.
• Crop does not tolerate soil acidity.
LAND PREPARATION:
• The crop needs very fine tilth (soil condition) because the seeds are too small. 2-3
harrowings and a ploughing is followed so that a fine tilth may be obtained to
facilitate the sowing and proper distribution of seed at appropriate depth.
VARIETIES:
• NBH-149, VBH-4 developed for Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat,
Maharashtra are capable of producing 14% higher yield.
• ICM4-155 gave higher yield than the standard check and adopted for all growing
tracts of India. Also H-306, NH-338 and hybrid like MP-204, MP205 have been
identified.
SOWING
