PSYCH 115.7 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
overimitation
Five-year-olds copy senseless and irrelevant adult actions such as stroking a plastic jar
with a feather before reaching inside the jar for a toy. This best illustrates
prosocial behavior
Helpful and constructive actions best illustrate
Sound of an electric can opener
Harmony notices that her cat salivates as soon as her cat hears the sound of Harmony
opening a can with an electric can opener. In this example, the _______________ is the
conditioned stimulus.
food
Of the following, ________ would serve as a primary reinforcer for most people.
observational learning
After one chimpanzee sees a second chimp open a box that contains a food reward, the
first animal opens a similar box with great speed. This best illustrates
generalization
After learning to fear a white rat, Little Albert responded with fear to the sight of a rabbit.
This best illustrates the process of:
positive reinforcer to negative reinforcer
Receiving delicious food is to escaping electric shock as ________ is to ________.
fixed interval
Reinforcement that is given for a response emitted after each hour and half (e.g., 10
a.m., 11:30 a.m., 1 p.m.) in time is most likely to be a ________ schedule
involuntary;voluntary
There are two kinds of behavior that all organisms are capable of doing. If Inez blinks
her eyes because a gnat flies close to them, that's _____________. But if she then
swats at the gnat, that's _____________.
negative punishment
, Peggy's use of foul language decreased because it was followed by the loss of her $5
weekly allowance. Taking away Peggy's allowance served as ________ for her foul
language.
Psychologists define learning as the process of:
acquiring through experience new information or relatively enduring behaviors
similar to ourselves
We are especially likely to vicariously experience the reinforcing outcomes of those we
perceive as
classical conditioning
As an infant, Stephanie received many penicillin injections from the doctor. When she
later saw a photographer in a white coat that was similar to the doctor's coat, she
started to cry. This is an example of _______________
red
In a series of experiments, men found women more attractive and sexually desirable
when their photos were framed in
fixed ratio; variable ratio
Paul and Michael sell magazine subscriptions by telephone. Paul is paid $1.00 for every
five calls he makes, while Michael is paid $1.00 for every subscription he sells,
regardless of the number of calls he makes. Paul's telephoning is reinforced on a
________ schedule, whereas Michael's is reinforced on a ________ schedule.
conditioned reinforcer
Alex was paid $100 for eight hours of work. The money was a(n)
aversive;pleasant
Positive punishment is the introduction of a(n) ________ stimulus following a behavior
and negative punishment is the withdrawal of a(n) ________ stimulus following a
behavior.
punishment
Myron quit gambling after he lost over a thousand dollars betting on horse races. This
best illustrates the effects of
conditioned taste aversion
Which of the following has helped prevent coyotes and wolves from attacking sheep?
overimitation
Five-year-olds copy senseless and irrelevant adult actions such as stroking a plastic jar
with a feather before reaching inside the jar for a toy. This best illustrates
prosocial behavior
Helpful and constructive actions best illustrate
Sound of an electric can opener
Harmony notices that her cat salivates as soon as her cat hears the sound of Harmony
opening a can with an electric can opener. In this example, the _______________ is the
conditioned stimulus.
food
Of the following, ________ would serve as a primary reinforcer for most people.
observational learning
After one chimpanzee sees a second chimp open a box that contains a food reward, the
first animal opens a similar box with great speed. This best illustrates
generalization
After learning to fear a white rat, Little Albert responded with fear to the sight of a rabbit.
This best illustrates the process of:
positive reinforcer to negative reinforcer
Receiving delicious food is to escaping electric shock as ________ is to ________.
fixed interval
Reinforcement that is given for a response emitted after each hour and half (e.g., 10
a.m., 11:30 a.m., 1 p.m.) in time is most likely to be a ________ schedule
involuntary;voluntary
There are two kinds of behavior that all organisms are capable of doing. If Inez blinks
her eyes because a gnat flies close to them, that's _____________. But if she then
swats at the gnat, that's _____________.
negative punishment
, Peggy's use of foul language decreased because it was followed by the loss of her $5
weekly allowance. Taking away Peggy's allowance served as ________ for her foul
language.
Psychologists define learning as the process of:
acquiring through experience new information or relatively enduring behaviors
similar to ourselves
We are especially likely to vicariously experience the reinforcing outcomes of those we
perceive as
classical conditioning
As an infant, Stephanie received many penicillin injections from the doctor. When she
later saw a photographer in a white coat that was similar to the doctor's coat, she
started to cry. This is an example of _______________
red
In a series of experiments, men found women more attractive and sexually desirable
when their photos were framed in
fixed ratio; variable ratio
Paul and Michael sell magazine subscriptions by telephone. Paul is paid $1.00 for every
five calls he makes, while Michael is paid $1.00 for every subscription he sells,
regardless of the number of calls he makes. Paul's telephoning is reinforced on a
________ schedule, whereas Michael's is reinforced on a ________ schedule.
conditioned reinforcer
Alex was paid $100 for eight hours of work. The money was a(n)
aversive;pleasant
Positive punishment is the introduction of a(n) ________ stimulus following a behavior
and negative punishment is the withdrawal of a(n) ________ stimulus following a
behavior.
punishment
Myron quit gambling after he lost over a thousand dollars betting on horse races. This
best illustrates the effects of
conditioned taste aversion
Which of the following has helped prevent coyotes and wolves from attacking sheep?
