NCLEX-PN® NCLEX-PN Fundamentals Fluids Exam Prep.

What is the: function of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)? what is it controlled by? what does it regulate? A ​ADH: function: to hold onto water only controlled by: posterior pituitary and kidneys regulates: blood pressure 2 Q What is the: function of aldosterone? what is it controlled by? what does it regulate? A Aldosterone is a steroid hormone: function: to hold onto sodium and water controlled by: adrenals (on top of kidneys) regulates: blood pressure 3 Q What are the cascade of hormones that go into effect with low blood pressure which then helps the body hold onto fluid and increase the blood pressure? A renin: kidneys release this when it senses low blood pressure angiotensin 1: then the liver releases this hormone angiotensin 2: then the lungs release this hormone aldosterone: then the adrenals release this hormone, which helps the kidneys hold onto sodium and water causing an increase in blood pressure. 4 Q What are atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)? A ANP and BNP are two hormones released by the heart when the heart tissue is stretched due to fluid volume overload. They both help the body to get rid of extra fluids. 5 Q What is the difference between intravascular, intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments? A intravascular (or vascular): are all the fluids in the blood vessels intracellular: are all the fluids in the cells extracellular (or third space): are all the fluids outside the cells 6 Q What is third-spacing? A A type of edema. It is extracellular fluid that has leaked out of the vessels and into the tissues due to a disease or injury. This fluid shift can cause fluid volume deficit.