Dislocation and
Soft Tissue Injuries
By Nur Nabil Nadhira Bt Mohamad Ibrahim and Ching Loung Sheng
,Shoulder dislocation
,General information
● Articulation: btw head of humerus and
glenoid cavity of scapula
● Joint stability
○ Rotator cuffs (supraspinatus, infraspinatus,
teres minor, subscapularis)
○ Glenoid labrum (deepens socket)
○ Ligaments
○ Capsule
● Anterior dislocation (97%) > posterior
dislocation (3%)
● !!! Axillary nerve injury !!!
, Anterior (inferior) dislocation
● Mechanism of injury
○ Fall on backward stretching arm / forced
abduction & external rotation of shoulder
○ Head of humerus driven forward, tearing
capsule or avulsing glenoid labrum
○ Usually ends up just below coracoid
process
○ Arm forced into abduction, ext rotation,
extension
● SEVERE PAIN
● Signs: patient holds arm in ‘handshake’
position
● Do shoulder Xray (AP, scapular Y view,
Typical signs: prominent acromion process &
axillary view) flattening of contour over deltoid
Soft Tissue Injuries
By Nur Nabil Nadhira Bt Mohamad Ibrahim and Ching Loung Sheng
,Shoulder dislocation
,General information
● Articulation: btw head of humerus and
glenoid cavity of scapula
● Joint stability
○ Rotator cuffs (supraspinatus, infraspinatus,
teres minor, subscapularis)
○ Glenoid labrum (deepens socket)
○ Ligaments
○ Capsule
● Anterior dislocation (97%) > posterior
dislocation (3%)
● !!! Axillary nerve injury !!!
, Anterior (inferior) dislocation
● Mechanism of injury
○ Fall on backward stretching arm / forced
abduction & external rotation of shoulder
○ Head of humerus driven forward, tearing
capsule or avulsing glenoid labrum
○ Usually ends up just below coracoid
process
○ Arm forced into abduction, ext rotation,
extension
● SEVERE PAIN
● Signs: patient holds arm in ‘handshake’
position
● Do shoulder Xray (AP, scapular Y view,
Typical signs: prominent acromion process &
axillary view) flattening of contour over deltoid
