UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHEASTERN PHILIPPINES
MODULE 1: THE SELF FROM VARIOUS PERSPECTIVES
ADAPTED FROM: MODULE/POWERPOINT/LECTURE
[TRANS] UNIT 1.2: THE SELF IN THE SOCIO-ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES
• Institution of Surveillance: massive increase of power
OUTLINE and reach by institutions, especially in government.
I Sociology • Dynamism: having vigorous activity and progress.
i Definition o Life is not a predetermined path with limited options
A The Modernized Society
i Key Characteristics of Modernity based on location, family, or gender. It is a society
B Social Groups vs. Social Networks full of possibilities. Everything is subject to change,
i Social Groups and changes happen much more rapidly than ever
ii Social Network before in human history.
II Mead and The Social Self
A George Herbert Mead SOCIAL GROUP vs. SOCIAL NETWORKS
B Developing the Self
i Stage 1: Language
ii Stage 2: Play SOCIAL GROUPS
iii Stage 3: Game • A group having two or more people interacting with one
C I and Me another, sharing similar characteristics, and whose
i Difference between I and Me
members identify themselves as part of the group. They
III The Self and the Person in Contemporary Anthropology
A Anthropology can be organic or rational groups and is highly
B A Unit but Unitary influenced by family.
i Joseph LeDoux Organic motivation runs deep giving the person a sense
C Self as Representation of belongingness. The downside implies less freedom
IV The Self Embedded in Culture and greater social conformity. The latter occurs in
A The Self modern societies. They are formed as a matter of
B Constructs shared self-interests. They join based on free will. They
i Independent Constructs
are called rational motivation.
ii Interdependent Constructs
C Views o Organic Group: naturally occurring and highly
i Relationships influenced by your family. It is usually formed in
ii Personality Traits traditional societies because there is little
iii Achievement diversity in these communities. You join these
i Expressing Emotions groups because of organic motivation wherein, you
join join groups because your family is also a part of
SOCIOLOGY it.
It is the study of social life, social change, and the social ▪ Positive effect is rootedness. The foundation
causes and consequences of human behavior. Sociologists runs deep, thus, giving the person a sense of
are concerned with questions about the person in the belongingness.
community. They ask questions such as: ▪ Negative effect is implication of less freedom
• How does society influence you? and greater social conformity. You are
• How do you affect society? expected to act and behave according to your
• Who are you as a person in the community? community’s standards.
It posits that socially formed norms, beliefs, and o Rational Groups: occur in modern societies and
values come to exist within the person to a degree where formed due to rational motivation wherein groups
these become natural and normal thus, developing the are made as a matter of shared self-interest as
person’s self-identity (Elwell, 2003). people join out of their own free will.
▪ Positive effect is greater freedom. This mainly
THE MODERNIZED SOCIETY pertains to the freedom of movement.
Relationships based on self-interest are not as
• Modernization has significantly changed society, and this
embedded as organic relationships. Interests
has affected how an individual builds and develops his or
change and when they do, group members
her self-identity.
change.
• Pre-modern society was centered on survival. People
▪ Negative effect is a tenuous relationship
behaved according to social rules and traditions while the
between rational social networks. The person
family and immediate environment provided supervision
feels no meaningful connection with the others.
on how to get through life.
• Modernization, however, has improved people’s living
SOCIAL NETWORKS
conditions. A person in the modern society is free to
choose where to live, what to do, and who to be with. • These are ties or connections that link you to your social
• However, stability has also decreased as traditions group.
and traditional support systems, such as the family, • Examples of these are:
have decreased in importance. In modern societies, o what links you to family is blood relation
individualism is dominant, and developing one’s self- o barkada is friendship
identity is central. o classmates is common interest to learn
• Other self-influences to external adaptation are:
KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERNITY o Culture: adopting to social situation and social
norms like being a father, husband, worker, friend,
• Industrialism: extensive use of material power and
OFW, and among others
machinery in all processes of production.
o Language: regional dialects, pop-culture dialects,
• Capitalism: involving competitive product markets and for Mead and Vygotsky persons develop these and it
the commodification of labor power. affects interaction
MODULE 1: THE SELF FROM VARIOUS PERSPECTIVES
ADAPTED FROM: MODULE/POWERPOINT/LECTURE
[TRANS] UNIT 1.2: THE SELF IN THE SOCIO-ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES
• Institution of Surveillance: massive increase of power
OUTLINE and reach by institutions, especially in government.
I Sociology • Dynamism: having vigorous activity and progress.
i Definition o Life is not a predetermined path with limited options
A The Modernized Society
i Key Characteristics of Modernity based on location, family, or gender. It is a society
B Social Groups vs. Social Networks full of possibilities. Everything is subject to change,
i Social Groups and changes happen much more rapidly than ever
ii Social Network before in human history.
II Mead and The Social Self
A George Herbert Mead SOCIAL GROUP vs. SOCIAL NETWORKS
B Developing the Self
i Stage 1: Language
ii Stage 2: Play SOCIAL GROUPS
iii Stage 3: Game • A group having two or more people interacting with one
C I and Me another, sharing similar characteristics, and whose
i Difference between I and Me
members identify themselves as part of the group. They
III The Self and the Person in Contemporary Anthropology
A Anthropology can be organic or rational groups and is highly
B A Unit but Unitary influenced by family.
i Joseph LeDoux Organic motivation runs deep giving the person a sense
C Self as Representation of belongingness. The downside implies less freedom
IV The Self Embedded in Culture and greater social conformity. The latter occurs in
A The Self modern societies. They are formed as a matter of
B Constructs shared self-interests. They join based on free will. They
i Independent Constructs
are called rational motivation.
ii Interdependent Constructs
C Views o Organic Group: naturally occurring and highly
i Relationships influenced by your family. It is usually formed in
ii Personality Traits traditional societies because there is little
iii Achievement diversity in these communities. You join these
i Expressing Emotions groups because of organic motivation wherein, you
join join groups because your family is also a part of
SOCIOLOGY it.
It is the study of social life, social change, and the social ▪ Positive effect is rootedness. The foundation
causes and consequences of human behavior. Sociologists runs deep, thus, giving the person a sense of
are concerned with questions about the person in the belongingness.
community. They ask questions such as: ▪ Negative effect is implication of less freedom
• How does society influence you? and greater social conformity. You are
• How do you affect society? expected to act and behave according to your
• Who are you as a person in the community? community’s standards.
It posits that socially formed norms, beliefs, and o Rational Groups: occur in modern societies and
values come to exist within the person to a degree where formed due to rational motivation wherein groups
these become natural and normal thus, developing the are made as a matter of shared self-interest as
person’s self-identity (Elwell, 2003). people join out of their own free will.
▪ Positive effect is greater freedom. This mainly
THE MODERNIZED SOCIETY pertains to the freedom of movement.
Relationships based on self-interest are not as
• Modernization has significantly changed society, and this
embedded as organic relationships. Interests
has affected how an individual builds and develops his or
change and when they do, group members
her self-identity.
change.
• Pre-modern society was centered on survival. People
▪ Negative effect is a tenuous relationship
behaved according to social rules and traditions while the
between rational social networks. The person
family and immediate environment provided supervision
feels no meaningful connection with the others.
on how to get through life.
• Modernization, however, has improved people’s living
SOCIAL NETWORKS
conditions. A person in the modern society is free to
choose where to live, what to do, and who to be with. • These are ties or connections that link you to your social
• However, stability has also decreased as traditions group.
and traditional support systems, such as the family, • Examples of these are:
have decreased in importance. In modern societies, o what links you to family is blood relation
individualism is dominant, and developing one’s self- o barkada is friendship
identity is central. o classmates is common interest to learn
• Other self-influences to external adaptation are:
KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERNITY o Culture: adopting to social situation and social
norms like being a father, husband, worker, friend,
• Industrialism: extensive use of material power and
OFW, and among others
machinery in all processes of production.
o Language: regional dialects, pop-culture dialects,
• Capitalism: involving competitive product markets and for Mead and Vygotsky persons develop these and it
the commodification of labor power. affects interaction
