RN Fundamentals 2024 A
A nurse in a clinic is caring for a middle adult client who states, "The doctor says that, since I am
at an average risk for colon cancer, I should have a routine screening. What does that involve?"
Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
A. "I'll get a blood sample from you and send it for a screening test."
B. "Beginning at age 600, you should have a colonoscopy."
C. "You should have a fecal occult blood test every year."
D. "The recommendation is to have a sigmoidoscopy every 10 years." - ANSC. "You should
have a fecal occult blood test every year."
Blood tests do not detect colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer screening for clients at average risk begins at age 50. One option for
screening is a colonoscopy every 10 years. Another option for screening is a flexible
sigmoidoscopy every 5 years.
A nurse is caring for a client who is having difficulty breathing. The client is lying in bed with a
nasal cannula delivering oxygen. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take
first?
A. Suction the client's airway
B. Administer a bronchodilator
C.Increase the humidity in the client's room
D. Assist the client to an upright position - ANSD. Assist the client to an upright position
The nurse should use less invasive interventions first.
A nurse is preparing to administer 0.5 mL of oral single-dose liquid medication to a client. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Gently shake the container of medication prior to administration
B. Transfer the medication to a medicine cup
C. Place the client in a semi-Fowler's position prior to medication administration
D. Verify the dosage by measuring the liquid before administration - ANSA. Gently shake the
container of medication prior to administration
Pt. should be in the high-Fowler's position when administering medication.
The nurse should NOT transfer prepackaged liquid medications to reduce the risk of altering the
premeasured dose.
,A nurse is planning care to improve self-feeding for a client who has vision loss. Which of the
following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Tell the client which food should should eat first.
B. Provide small-handle utensils for the client.
C. Thicken liquids on the client's tray
D. Use a clock pattern to describe food on the client's plate - ANSD. Use a clock pattern to
describe food on the client's plate
Large-handle adaptive utensils are easier for the client to grip.
Clients who have, dysphagia, NOT vision loss, require thickening of liquid to facilitate
swallowing without choking.
A nurse is teaching an older adult client who is at risk for osteoporosis about beginning a
program of regular physical activity. Which of the following types of activity should the nurse
recommend?
A. Walking briskly
B. Riding a bicycle
C. Performing isometric exercises
D. Engaging in high-impact aerobics - ANSA. Walking briskly
Exercise with no weight-bearing advantages, like B and C, do not help prevent osteoporosis.
High-impact aerobics can injure bones that have lost density.
A nurse is assessing a client's readiness to learn about insulin administration. Which of the
following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client is ready to learn?
A. "I can concentrate best in the morning."
B. "It is difficult to read the instructions because my glasses are at home."
C. "I'm wondering why I need to learn this."
D. "You will have to talk to my wife about this." - ANSA. "I can concentrate best in the morning."
A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client who will require oxygen therapy at home.
Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client
understands how to manage this therapy at home?
A. "I'll make sure that, when my friend comes by, she smokes at least 6 feet away from my
oxygen.
B. "I'll use a woolen blanket if I get chilly while I'm using my oxygen.
C. "I'll check the wires and cables on my TV to make sure they are in good working order.
, D. "I'll lay my oxygen tank down on the floor when the grandchildren visit so they don't knock it
over. - ANSC. "I'll check the wires and cables on my TV to make sure they are in good working
order.
Oxygen is a highly flammable gas. The visitors should smoke outside the house.
Woolen and synthetic materials can create sparks, so the client should use a cotton blanket
during O2 therapy.
A nurse is caring for a client who is reporting difficulty falling asleep. Which of the following
measures should the nurse recommend?
A. Drink a cup of hot cocoa before bedtime
B. Exercise 1 hr before going to bed
C. Use progressive relaxation techniques at bedtime
D. Reflect on the day's activities before going to bed - ANSC. Use progressive relaxation
techniques at bedtime
Cocoa contains caffeine, a stimulant, and can interfere with sleep.
Exercising within 2 hr of bedtime can interfere with sleep.
Progressive relaxation promotes sleep by decreasing stress and reducing muscle tension.
Reflecting can cause stress and worry, which can interfere with sleep.
A nurse is assisting a client who is postoperative with the use of an incentive spirometer. Into
which of the following positions should the nurse place the client?
A. Side-lying
B. Supine
C. Semi-Fowler's
D. Trendelenburg - ANSC. Semi-Fowler's
Trendelenburg is the position of the pt's head being below their feet; this position does NOT
promote full expansion of the lungs.
A nurse is assessing an adult client who has been immobile for the past 3 weeks. The nurse
should identify that which of the following findings requires further intervention?
A. Erythema on pressure points
B. Lower-extremity pulse strength 2+
C. Fluid intake of 3,000 mL of fluid per day
D. A bowel movement every other day - ANSA. Erythema on pressure points
A nurse in a clinic is caring for a middle adult client who states, "The doctor says that, since I am
at an average risk for colon cancer, I should have a routine screening. What does that involve?"
Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
A. "I'll get a blood sample from you and send it for a screening test."
B. "Beginning at age 600, you should have a colonoscopy."
C. "You should have a fecal occult blood test every year."
D. "The recommendation is to have a sigmoidoscopy every 10 years." - ANSC. "You should
have a fecal occult blood test every year."
Blood tests do not detect colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer screening for clients at average risk begins at age 50. One option for
screening is a colonoscopy every 10 years. Another option for screening is a flexible
sigmoidoscopy every 5 years.
A nurse is caring for a client who is having difficulty breathing. The client is lying in bed with a
nasal cannula delivering oxygen. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take
first?
A. Suction the client's airway
B. Administer a bronchodilator
C.Increase the humidity in the client's room
D. Assist the client to an upright position - ANSD. Assist the client to an upright position
The nurse should use less invasive interventions first.
A nurse is preparing to administer 0.5 mL of oral single-dose liquid medication to a client. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Gently shake the container of medication prior to administration
B. Transfer the medication to a medicine cup
C. Place the client in a semi-Fowler's position prior to medication administration
D. Verify the dosage by measuring the liquid before administration - ANSA. Gently shake the
container of medication prior to administration
Pt. should be in the high-Fowler's position when administering medication.
The nurse should NOT transfer prepackaged liquid medications to reduce the risk of altering the
premeasured dose.
,A nurse is planning care to improve self-feeding for a client who has vision loss. Which of the
following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Tell the client which food should should eat first.
B. Provide small-handle utensils for the client.
C. Thicken liquids on the client's tray
D. Use a clock pattern to describe food on the client's plate - ANSD. Use a clock pattern to
describe food on the client's plate
Large-handle adaptive utensils are easier for the client to grip.
Clients who have, dysphagia, NOT vision loss, require thickening of liquid to facilitate
swallowing without choking.
A nurse is teaching an older adult client who is at risk for osteoporosis about beginning a
program of regular physical activity. Which of the following types of activity should the nurse
recommend?
A. Walking briskly
B. Riding a bicycle
C. Performing isometric exercises
D. Engaging in high-impact aerobics - ANSA. Walking briskly
Exercise with no weight-bearing advantages, like B and C, do not help prevent osteoporosis.
High-impact aerobics can injure bones that have lost density.
A nurse is assessing a client's readiness to learn about insulin administration. Which of the
following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client is ready to learn?
A. "I can concentrate best in the morning."
B. "It is difficult to read the instructions because my glasses are at home."
C. "I'm wondering why I need to learn this."
D. "You will have to talk to my wife about this." - ANSA. "I can concentrate best in the morning."
A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client who will require oxygen therapy at home.
Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client
understands how to manage this therapy at home?
A. "I'll make sure that, when my friend comes by, she smokes at least 6 feet away from my
oxygen.
B. "I'll use a woolen blanket if I get chilly while I'm using my oxygen.
C. "I'll check the wires and cables on my TV to make sure they are in good working order.
, D. "I'll lay my oxygen tank down on the floor when the grandchildren visit so they don't knock it
over. - ANSC. "I'll check the wires and cables on my TV to make sure they are in good working
order.
Oxygen is a highly flammable gas. The visitors should smoke outside the house.
Woolen and synthetic materials can create sparks, so the client should use a cotton blanket
during O2 therapy.
A nurse is caring for a client who is reporting difficulty falling asleep. Which of the following
measures should the nurse recommend?
A. Drink a cup of hot cocoa before bedtime
B. Exercise 1 hr before going to bed
C. Use progressive relaxation techniques at bedtime
D. Reflect on the day's activities before going to bed - ANSC. Use progressive relaxation
techniques at bedtime
Cocoa contains caffeine, a stimulant, and can interfere with sleep.
Exercising within 2 hr of bedtime can interfere with sleep.
Progressive relaxation promotes sleep by decreasing stress and reducing muscle tension.
Reflecting can cause stress and worry, which can interfere with sleep.
A nurse is assisting a client who is postoperative with the use of an incentive spirometer. Into
which of the following positions should the nurse place the client?
A. Side-lying
B. Supine
C. Semi-Fowler's
D. Trendelenburg - ANSC. Semi-Fowler's
Trendelenburg is the position of the pt's head being below their feet; this position does NOT
promote full expansion of the lungs.
A nurse is assessing an adult client who has been immobile for the past 3 weeks. The nurse
should identify that which of the following findings requires further intervention?
A. Erythema on pressure points
B. Lower-extremity pulse strength 2+
C. Fluid intake of 3,000 mL of fluid per day
D. A bowel movement every other day - ANSA. Erythema on pressure points
