Supervisor and Operator Rad Exam Questions And Answers (2024 / 20245 (Verified Answers)

- A radiation worker accidentally receives 10 Sv full-body X-radiation dose. How many rads did he receive? A. 1 B. 10 C. 50 D. 1,000 - The optical density that would result if an unexposed film were processed through the fixer, washer, and dryer, WITHOUT FIRST PASSING through the DEVELOPER is termed: A. base density B. base plus fog density C. mid density D. density difference -Processor sensitometer/densitometer evaluation -Tank level check, clean-up film, cleaning of crossover roll-overs -Developer & Fixer REPLENISHMENT rate - Wash Water & Developer TEMPERATURE -water filters -processor stand-by units - Which items need to be checked DAILY for Quality Control? (9) Hint: replenishment rates and temperatures. . all of the above - Which of the following factors determine the quantity of scatter radiation? 1. kVp 2. part thickness3. field size 4. tissue density 5. all of the above +/_ 10 percent - In terms of Photo-timer reproducibility: The density of all patient equivalent phantom films should be within ___________of the average density of all the films. 0.25 and 2.50 optical density - What is the DENSITY DIFFERENCE {usually measured between ________ and ________ (O.D) above the base-fog-level} 0.5 mm lead equivalent gonad shields placed over the ovaries/testes reduce radiation dose to the gonads approximately ______% a.) 55% b.) 80% c.) 92% d.) 100% - c.) 92% (verify) 0.5 rem (or 5mSV) - Due to occupational exposure a declared pregnant woman she not ever exceed: ________ 0.5-2.5 O.D. - What should the photographic process OPTICAL DENSITY (O.D.) value range fall within? 1. 70% 2. gonad dose - 1. X-ray examinations of the ABD region account for 25% of all radiography, but contribute over ___% of the GSD. 2. What is GSD?1. annually 2. The amount of inherent filtration in the X-ray beam by the thickness HVL 3. DOSIMETER, 1100 aluminum sheets - 1. How often should you test the (FILTRATION) HVL? 2. What is this measured? 3. What is the test device? 1. Base-plus fog density 2. Mid-density (around 1.0 optical density) 3. Density difference (btw: 0.25-2.50) above - What 3 items should be monitored by the Processor Quality Control program? 1. c. their MITOTIC activity is higher 2. Law of Bergonie & Tribondeau - 1. What is the reason why children generally would be more sensitive to the effects of radiation? A. their bodies are smaller b. their body parts are thinner c. their MITOTIC activity is higher d. they are not as capable of cooperation 2.What is the name of the LAW that states this is true? 1. decreases - What happens to the focal spot as the x-ray tube target angle decreases? 1. decreases 2. stays the same 3. increases 1. localized 2. damage3. artifacts (LIGHT SPOTS) - 1. If a warped CASSETTES produces __________ unsharpness on the finished radiographs. 2. Even a small fingernail mark may ________ screens. 3. What can DEVELOPER SOLUTION or cigarette ashes produce on the radiographs? 1. low 2.TRUE 3. a. protective apparel and a dosimeter - 1. Are the operator exposures from the CT examinations very low or high? 2. Is the CT beam well collimated. T/F 3. If the operator is required to stay in the room during scanning, what 2 items should be worn? 1. On the order of ONE to SEVERAL RADS. 2. planar radiography which is in the millirad range. - 1. How much is the patient skin dose for CT examinations usually? 2. What does this compare to? 1. proper collimation 2. proper use of gonad shielding 3. correct use of primary factors (name all 4?) 4. correct patient positioning 5. proper use of grids, cassettes, and caliper 6. proper film handling and film processing - What are the factors that have a direct influence by the X-RAY personnel? (hint: there are 6) 1.) -COARSE -SURFACE2.) SEMI-ANNUALLY - 1.) The SCREEN/FILM CONTACT should be used with a _______ Copper/WIRE MESH tool across the entire FILM/SCREEN __________. 2.) How often? 1.) 30% 2.) VISIBLE LIGHT PHOTONS 3.) 95%, LIGHT - 1. About what % of the X-rays INTENSIFYING SCREENS actually interact? 2. Each interaction produces a large number of ______ ________ ________ that causes the film to darken during film development. 3. As much as ______ % of the darkening of the film results from _________ produced by the intensifying screens. 1.) 40- 60 % 2.) An increase in static marks on the film will result 3.) The films will become sticky and film handling becomes difficult - The humidity plays a huge role on the film quality. 1.) What should the humidity be maintained between? 2.) If humidity drops below standard, what will occur? 3.) IF humidity rises above standard, what will occur? 1.) 5 rems 2.) 15 rems 3.) 50 rems - 24 hour notification is required if an individual has received overexposure within 24 hrs: (phone call & a letter or incident) 1.) Total effective dose exceeding: ______ 2.) an eye dose exceeding: _________ 3.) A shallow-dose of equivalent to the skin/extremities exceeding __________ 1.) a. FASTEST b. LOWEST2.) a. HIGH, b. low - During an examination the operators of the X-ray equipment must: 1.) USE the a.)_____Film-screen combination for the b.________ dose practicable. 2.) Use a.)_____ kVP and b.) _____ mAs for low dose radiography, consistent w/ obtaining a diagnostic quality image. 1.) An Alignment templates or 9 pennies & tape measure 2.) +/- 2% of source-to-distance 3.) semi-annually - 1.) What does the Light & X-ray Field Alignment use to test it? 2.) What's the criteria 3.) How often? 1.) Annually 2.) a. perpendicular b.) centered - 1. How often should the X-ray beam be tested? 2. The X-ray beam should be a.)_________ to the bucky grid and MUST be b.) __________ to the X-ray film to obtain UNIFORM density (+/_0.10 O.D) over the film. 1.) ANNUALLY 2.) a.) matching the spectral light of intensifying screens to the spectral sensitivity of the FILM. b.) matching combos by SCREEN & CASSETTE TYPE & AGE. TO Minimize variations in FILM DENSITY - 1.) How often does the SCREEN/FILM/CASSETTE SPEED MATCHING need to be evaluated? 2.) What are the two problems in SCREEN/FILM/CASSETTE SPEED MATCHING? 1.) ANNUALLY 2.) By producing a radiograph of a HOMOGENOUS PHANTOM @ both a clinical KVP and a DENSITY of approx. 1.20 on the film. - 1.) How often must GRID UNIFORMITY/BUCKY GRIDS/ GRID CASSETTES/ CLIP-ON GRIDS and GRID ALIGNMENT? 2.) What is the best way to evaluate all of these items?1.) How much of a reduction in radiation dose can a patient get from using RARE-EARTH to calcium tungstate? 2.) What is the speed of regular rare-earth screens vs. calcium tungstate screens? 3.) What's the reduction in exposure or patient rad dose? - 1.) 2-5x's 2.) 400S vs. 100s 3.) 75% 1.) How often does a SENSITOMETRIC strip get checked? 2.) What time of day? 3.) When the SENSITOMETRIC STRIP gets passed through the FILM PROCESSOR what does it measure? - 1.) DAILY 2.) Preferably at the beginning of the work-day 3.) FOG, SPEED, and CONTRAST 1.) INDEFINITELY- forever 2.) THREE - 1.) How long must each required record of dose equivalent received by individuals be kept for? 2.) Each OTHER req'd record must be preserved for a period of _________ yrs following the date of the occurrence that is subject of such record. 1.) Keep x-ray exposure as SHORT as possible! 2.) the duration (TIME) of the exposure3.) OPERATOR - 1. What is the basic principle of TIME? 2.What is the dose to the patient directly related to? 3.) The __________exposure to scattered radiation is directly proportional to pt rad dose. 1.) kVP 2.) FIELD SIZE 3.) PART THICKNESS 4.) TISSUE DENSITY (Z number) - What are the FACTORS affecting the QUANTITY of SCATTERED RADIATION: 1.) NEVER EVER EVER 2.) BOTH ABDOMINAL AND PERIPHERAL EXAMS - 1. Is interruption of pregnancy ever justified because of rad dose to embryo/fetus to a diagnostic X-ray examination? 2. Which examinations are included? 1.) rad (gray-SI units) 2.) rem (sievert- SI units) - What are two of the most important quantities & different units of radiation dose? 1.) Absorbed dose (aka): 2.) Dose equivalent (aka): 1.) Semi-annually-every 6 months 2.) Less than .05 increase in density in 2 minutes - 1.) How often should DARKROOM FOG be tested? 2.) What about the performance criteria? 1.) What is the light sensitive material called that coats the FILM? 2.) How do we store the films to prevent damage? - 1.) Silver-bromide crystal