AHA CH 17 ABDOMEN TEST EXAM WITH 130
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
BRAND NEW 2024/2025 RATED A+
Acute glomerulonephritis - CORRECT ANSWERS Inflammation of the capillary loops of the
renal glomeruli; results from immune complex
deposition or formation.
Acute pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS —an acute inflammatory process in which release
of pancreatic enzymes results in glandular
autodigestion; there are several known causes, including biliary disease and chronic alcohol
use.
Acute renal failure - CORRECT ANSWERS —a sudden impairment of renal function over
hours to days, resulting in an acute uremic episode; the most common clinical laboratory finding
is a RISE in the serum creatinine concentration.
Ascites - CORRECT ANSWERS —a pathologic increase in fluid in the peritoneal cavity; may
be suspected in the patient with risk factors.
Ballottement - CORRECT ANSWERS —a palpation technique used to assess an organ or a
mass
Biliary atresia - CORRECT ANSWERS —a congenital obstruction or absence of some or all of
the bile duct system, resulting in bile flow
obstruction; most have complete absence of the entire extrahepatic biliary tree.
Borborygmi - CORRECT ANSWERS —loud, prolonged gurgles.
Cholecystitis - CORRECT ANSWERS —an inflammatory process of the gallbladder most
commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct from cholelithiasis, which may be either
acute or chronic.
,Cholelithiasis - CORRECT ANSWERS —stone formation in the gallbladder that occurs when
certain substances reach a high concentration in bile
and produce crystals.
Chronic pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS —a chronic inflammatory process of the
pancreas characterized by irreversible morphologic
changes resulting in atrophy, fibrosis, and pancreatic calcifications.
Cirrhosis - CORRECT ANSWERS —a diffuse hepatic process characterized by fibrosis and
alteration of normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules.
Colic - CORRECT ANSWERS —spasmodic pains in the abdomen.
Crohn disease - CORRECT ANSWERS —chronic inflammatory disorder that can affect any
part of the gastrointestinal tract; produces ulceration, fibrosis, and malabsorption; the terminal
ileum and colon are the most common sites.
Diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWERS —frequent liquid or loose stools lasting less than 4 weeks in
duration; usually abrupt in onset and lasting less than 2 weeks.
Diverticular disease - CORRECT ANSWERS —a disease characterized by the presence of
saclike mucosal outpouchings through colonic muscle; may involve any part of the
gastrointestinal tract.
Duodenal ulcer - CORRECT ANSWERS —chronic circumscribed break in the duodenal
mucosa that scars with healing; may develop from
infection with Helicobacter pylori and increased gastric acid.
Fecal incontinence - CORRECT ANSWERS —inability to control bowel movements, leading to
leakage of stool; associated with three major
causes:
fecal impaction,
underlying disease, and
neurogenic disorder.
, Gastroesophageal reflux disease - CORRECT ANSWERS —backward flow of gastric contents,
which are typically acidic, into the esophagus.
Hemolytic uremic syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS —triad of microangiopathic hemolytic
anemia, thrombocytopenia, and uremia; one of the
most common causes of acute renal failure in children
Hepatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS —inflammatory process of the liver characterized by diffuse
or patchy hepatocellular necrosis, usually caused by viral infection, alcohol, drugs, or toxins.
Hiatal hernia with esophagitis - CORRECT ANSWERS —condition in which part of the stomach
passes through the esophageal hiatus in the
diaphragm and into the chest cavity; very common and occurs most often in women and older
adults.
Hirschsprung disease (congenital aganglionic megacolon) - CORRECT ANSWERS —primary
absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in a segment of the colon, interrupting intestinal
motility; abnormal intestinal innervation results in the absence of peristalsis, which leads to
accumulation of stool proximal to the defect and intestinal obstruction.
Hydronephrosis - CORRECT ANSWERS —dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces caused by
an obstruction of urine flow anywhere from the
urethral meatus to the kidneys; increasing ureteral pressure results in changes in the glomerular
filtration, tubular function, and renal blood flow.
Possible causes include a kidney stone, an infection, an enlarged prostate, a blood clot, or a
tumor.
Symptoms include difficulty urinating and pain in the side, abdomen, or groin.
Intussusception - CORRECT ANSWERS —prolapse or telescoping of one segment of intestine
into another, causing intestinal obstruction; commonly occurs in infants between 3 and 12
months of age.
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
BRAND NEW 2024/2025 RATED A+
Acute glomerulonephritis - CORRECT ANSWERS Inflammation of the capillary loops of the
renal glomeruli; results from immune complex
deposition or formation.
Acute pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS —an acute inflammatory process in which release
of pancreatic enzymes results in glandular
autodigestion; there are several known causes, including biliary disease and chronic alcohol
use.
Acute renal failure - CORRECT ANSWERS —a sudden impairment of renal function over
hours to days, resulting in an acute uremic episode; the most common clinical laboratory finding
is a RISE in the serum creatinine concentration.
Ascites - CORRECT ANSWERS —a pathologic increase in fluid in the peritoneal cavity; may
be suspected in the patient with risk factors.
Ballottement - CORRECT ANSWERS —a palpation technique used to assess an organ or a
mass
Biliary atresia - CORRECT ANSWERS —a congenital obstruction or absence of some or all of
the bile duct system, resulting in bile flow
obstruction; most have complete absence of the entire extrahepatic biliary tree.
Borborygmi - CORRECT ANSWERS —loud, prolonged gurgles.
Cholecystitis - CORRECT ANSWERS —an inflammatory process of the gallbladder most
commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct from cholelithiasis, which may be either
acute or chronic.
,Cholelithiasis - CORRECT ANSWERS —stone formation in the gallbladder that occurs when
certain substances reach a high concentration in bile
and produce crystals.
Chronic pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS —a chronic inflammatory process of the
pancreas characterized by irreversible morphologic
changes resulting in atrophy, fibrosis, and pancreatic calcifications.
Cirrhosis - CORRECT ANSWERS —a diffuse hepatic process characterized by fibrosis and
alteration of normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules.
Colic - CORRECT ANSWERS —spasmodic pains in the abdomen.
Crohn disease - CORRECT ANSWERS —chronic inflammatory disorder that can affect any
part of the gastrointestinal tract; produces ulceration, fibrosis, and malabsorption; the terminal
ileum and colon are the most common sites.
Diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWERS —frequent liquid or loose stools lasting less than 4 weeks in
duration; usually abrupt in onset and lasting less than 2 weeks.
Diverticular disease - CORRECT ANSWERS —a disease characterized by the presence of
saclike mucosal outpouchings through colonic muscle; may involve any part of the
gastrointestinal tract.
Duodenal ulcer - CORRECT ANSWERS —chronic circumscribed break in the duodenal
mucosa that scars with healing; may develop from
infection with Helicobacter pylori and increased gastric acid.
Fecal incontinence - CORRECT ANSWERS —inability to control bowel movements, leading to
leakage of stool; associated with three major
causes:
fecal impaction,
underlying disease, and
neurogenic disorder.
, Gastroesophageal reflux disease - CORRECT ANSWERS —backward flow of gastric contents,
which are typically acidic, into the esophagus.
Hemolytic uremic syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS —triad of microangiopathic hemolytic
anemia, thrombocytopenia, and uremia; one of the
most common causes of acute renal failure in children
Hepatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS —inflammatory process of the liver characterized by diffuse
or patchy hepatocellular necrosis, usually caused by viral infection, alcohol, drugs, or toxins.
Hiatal hernia with esophagitis - CORRECT ANSWERS —condition in which part of the stomach
passes through the esophageal hiatus in the
diaphragm and into the chest cavity; very common and occurs most often in women and older
adults.
Hirschsprung disease (congenital aganglionic megacolon) - CORRECT ANSWERS —primary
absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in a segment of the colon, interrupting intestinal
motility; abnormal intestinal innervation results in the absence of peristalsis, which leads to
accumulation of stool proximal to the defect and intestinal obstruction.
Hydronephrosis - CORRECT ANSWERS —dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces caused by
an obstruction of urine flow anywhere from the
urethral meatus to the kidneys; increasing ureteral pressure results in changes in the glomerular
filtration, tubular function, and renal blood flow.
Possible causes include a kidney stone, an infection, an enlarged prostate, a blood clot, or a
tumor.
Symptoms include difficulty urinating and pain in the side, abdomen, or groin.
Intussusception - CORRECT ANSWERS —prolapse or telescoping of one segment of intestine
into another, causing intestinal obstruction; commonly occurs in infants between 3 and 12
months of age.
