MED SURGE EXAM #3 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST 2024
1. A female patient has a hemoglobin of 6.4 g/dL and is preparing to have a blood
transfusion. Why would it be important for the nurse to obtain information about the
patient's history of pregnancy prior to the transfusion? A) a high number of pregnancies can
increase the risk of reaction
B) if the patient has never been pregnant, it increases the risk of reaction C) obtaining
information about gravity and parity is routine information for all female patients
D) if the patient has been pregnant, she may have developed allergies: A 2. A patient will
need a blood transfusion for the replacement of blood loss from the GI tract. The patient
states, "That stuff isn't safe!" What is the best response from the nurse?
A) I agree that you should be concerned with the safety of the blood but it's important
that you have this transfusion
B) the blood is carefully screened so there is no possibility of you contracting any illness
or disease from the blood
C) I understand your concern. The blood is carefully screened but is not completely risk
free
D) you will have to decide if refusing the blood transfusion is worth the risk to your
health: C
3. A patient with chronic anemia has had many blood transfusions over the last 3 years.
What type of transfusion reaction should the nurse monitor for that is commonly found in
patients who frequently receive blood transfusion?
A) allergic reactions
B) acute hemolytic reaction
C) circulatory overload
D) febrile nonhemolytic reactions: D
4. The nurse is administering a blood transfusion to a patient over 4 hours. After 2 hours the
patient reports chills and has a fever of 101F and increase from a precious temp of 99.2F.
What does the nurse recognize is occurring with this patient?
A) the patient is having an allergic reaction to the blood
B) the patient is experiencing vascular collapse
C) the patient is having decrease in tissue perfusion from a shock state
D) the patient is having a febrile nonhemolytic reaction: D
5. The nurse is administering two units of PRBCs to an older adult patient with a bleeding
duodenal ulcer. The patient begins to experience difficulty breathing and the nurse assesses
crackles in the lung bases, JVD and an increase in blood pressure. What action by the nurse
is necessary if the reaction is severe? (select all that apply)
A) continue the infusion but slow the rate down
, B) place the patient in an upright position with the feet dependent
C) administer diuretics as prescribed
D) discontinue the transfucion
E) administer oxygen: B C D E
6. A patient is receiving plasma develops transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) 4
hours after the transfusion. What type of aggressive therapy does the nurse anticipate the
patient will receive to prevent death from the injury?
(select all that apply)
A) performance of serial chest x-rays
B) supplemental oxygen
C) provision of IV fluid support
D) intubation and mechanical ventilation
E)intra-aortic ballon pump: B C D
7. A patient who has long-term PRBC transfusions has developed symptoms of iron toxicity
that affect liver function. What immediate treatment should the nurse anticipate preparing
the patient for that may help prevent organ damage?
A) iron chelation therapy
B) oxygen therapy
C) therapeutic phlebotomy
D) anticoagulation therapy: A
8. A patient develops a hemolytic reaction to a blood transfusion. What actions
should the nurse take after this occurs? (select all that apply)
A) administer diphenhydramine
B) begin iron chelation therapy
C) collect a urine sample to detect hemoglobin
D) document the reaction according to policy: C D E
9. The nurse is preparing a patient for a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy from the site of
the posterior superior iliac crest. What position will the nurse place the patient in?
A) lateral position with one leg flexed
B) lithotomy position
C) supine with head of the bed elevated 30 degrees
D) jackknife position: A
10. A patient with CKD has chronic anemia. What pharmacologic alternative to blood
transfusion may be used for the patient?
A) GM-CSF
B) erythropoietin
C) eltrombopag
CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST 2024
1. A female patient has a hemoglobin of 6.4 g/dL and is preparing to have a blood
transfusion. Why would it be important for the nurse to obtain information about the
patient's history of pregnancy prior to the transfusion? A) a high number of pregnancies can
increase the risk of reaction
B) if the patient has never been pregnant, it increases the risk of reaction C) obtaining
information about gravity and parity is routine information for all female patients
D) if the patient has been pregnant, she may have developed allergies: A 2. A patient will
need a blood transfusion for the replacement of blood loss from the GI tract. The patient
states, "That stuff isn't safe!" What is the best response from the nurse?
A) I agree that you should be concerned with the safety of the blood but it's important
that you have this transfusion
B) the blood is carefully screened so there is no possibility of you contracting any illness
or disease from the blood
C) I understand your concern. The blood is carefully screened but is not completely risk
free
D) you will have to decide if refusing the blood transfusion is worth the risk to your
health: C
3. A patient with chronic anemia has had many blood transfusions over the last 3 years.
What type of transfusion reaction should the nurse monitor for that is commonly found in
patients who frequently receive blood transfusion?
A) allergic reactions
B) acute hemolytic reaction
C) circulatory overload
D) febrile nonhemolytic reactions: D
4. The nurse is administering a blood transfusion to a patient over 4 hours. After 2 hours the
patient reports chills and has a fever of 101F and increase from a precious temp of 99.2F.
What does the nurse recognize is occurring with this patient?
A) the patient is having an allergic reaction to the blood
B) the patient is experiencing vascular collapse
C) the patient is having decrease in tissue perfusion from a shock state
D) the patient is having a febrile nonhemolytic reaction: D
5. The nurse is administering two units of PRBCs to an older adult patient with a bleeding
duodenal ulcer. The patient begins to experience difficulty breathing and the nurse assesses
crackles in the lung bases, JVD and an increase in blood pressure. What action by the nurse
is necessary if the reaction is severe? (select all that apply)
A) continue the infusion but slow the rate down
, B) place the patient in an upright position with the feet dependent
C) administer diuretics as prescribed
D) discontinue the transfucion
E) administer oxygen: B C D E
6. A patient is receiving plasma develops transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) 4
hours after the transfusion. What type of aggressive therapy does the nurse anticipate the
patient will receive to prevent death from the injury?
(select all that apply)
A) performance of serial chest x-rays
B) supplemental oxygen
C) provision of IV fluid support
D) intubation and mechanical ventilation
E)intra-aortic ballon pump: B C D
7. A patient who has long-term PRBC transfusions has developed symptoms of iron toxicity
that affect liver function. What immediate treatment should the nurse anticipate preparing
the patient for that may help prevent organ damage?
A) iron chelation therapy
B) oxygen therapy
C) therapeutic phlebotomy
D) anticoagulation therapy: A
8. A patient develops a hemolytic reaction to a blood transfusion. What actions
should the nurse take after this occurs? (select all that apply)
A) administer diphenhydramine
B) begin iron chelation therapy
C) collect a urine sample to detect hemoglobin
D) document the reaction according to policy: C D E
9. The nurse is preparing a patient for a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy from the site of
the posterior superior iliac crest. What position will the nurse place the patient in?
A) lateral position with one leg flexed
B) lithotomy position
C) supine with head of the bed elevated 30 degrees
D) jackknife position: A
10. A patient with CKD has chronic anemia. What pharmacologic alternative to blood
transfusion may be used for the patient?
A) GM-CSF
B) erythropoietin
C) eltrombopag
