Around 1900, European nations built up their military forces, formed alliances,
and expanded their colonial holdings in their
efforts to maintain a "balance of power."
The best description of the events of Bloody Sunday in Russia in the early 1900's
was when Russian soldiers fired on a group
of peaceful protestors.
The name of the city of St. Petersburg was changed following the Russian
Revolution to celebrate the leader of the
Bolsheviks now in power.
Read the message below from the Russian tsar to his cousin, the German kaiser.
"An ignoble [not noble] war has been declared to a weak country. The indignation
[outrage] in Russia shared fully by me is enormous. I foresee that very soon I
shall be overwhelmed by the pressure forced upon me and be forced to take
extreme measures which will lead to war. To try and avoid such a calamity as a
European war I beg you in the name of our old friendship to do what you can to
stop your allies from going too far." - Telegram from Tsar Nicholas II to German
Kaiser Wilhelm II, 1914
The tsar's message before WWI is describing his fear that Russia will be forced into war
by forces outside his control.
The main causes of World War I were:
Nationalism Militarism Imperialism Alliances
The signing of the Treaty of Versailles organized peace between Germany and the
Allied forces at the end of World War
The use of submarines by Germany during World War I resulted in the sinking of
passenger liners.
When World War I is referred to as a "total war" it is describing the war efforts
needed from the country to have as many
as possible to participate in the war effort.