CHAPTER 10 - BRAIN DAMAGE AND NEUROPLASTICITY
CAUSES OF BRAIN DAMAGE CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS
STROKE
BRAIN TUMORS
➔ a sudden-onset cerebrovascular event that
➔ A tumor (neoplasm) is a mass of cells that causes brain damage
grows independently of the rest of the body - ➔ Third leading cause of death in the US and
a cancer most common cause of adult disability
➔ 20% of brain tumors are meningiomas ◆ Mild- partial paralysis
(encased in meninges) ◆ Incapacitating - full body paralysis
◆ encapsulated (grows within their
own membrane)
◆ usually benign (surgically CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE
removable)
➔ 80% grow on the surface of the brain ➔ bleeding in the brain
◆ Most brain tumors are infiltrating ➔ Can be caused by stress (result to aneurysm
◆ Grow diffusely through surrounding - blood vessel suddenly erupts)
tissue malignant , difficult to remove ➔ High blood pressure (the higher your blood
or destroy pressure the stretchier your blood vessels
➔ About 10% of brain tumors are metastatic become)
◆ (they originate elsewhere, usually ➔ blood vessel ruptures
the lungs) ➔ Aneurysm
◆ The cancer cells travel to other ➔ a weakened point in a blood vessel
body parts that makes a stroke more likely
➔ maybe congenital (present at birth)
Glioblastoma or due to poison or infection
➔ the deadliest brain tumor (malignant) CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA
➔ aggressive type of tumor
➔ starts in stages (stage 1 -4) ➔ disruption of blood supply
➔ if remain undetected in a matter of 1 month, ◆ Thrombosis - a plug forms in the
a stage 1 glioblastoma can become stage 3 brain
➔ a glioblastoma can grow anywhere ◆ Embolism - a plug forms
➔ its classification depends in the aggression elsewhere and moves to the brain
of the cancer ◆ Arteriosclerosis - wall of blood
vessels thicken; usually due to fat
Malignant - cancerous deposits
Benign - non-cancerous ➔ PLUG - hardened blood or fat deposits
◆ Pulmonary Embolism - plug
Gliomas forms in the lungs, and it reaches to
the brain
➔ benign
➔ but if it remains undetected for a long time it
can become malignant
➔ Brain tumors are difficult to diagnose
because their symptoms are typical.
◆ Meaning its symptoms are similar to
other illnesses.
CAUSES OF BRAIN DAMAGE CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS
STROKE
BRAIN TUMORS
➔ a sudden-onset cerebrovascular event that
➔ A tumor (neoplasm) is a mass of cells that causes brain damage
grows independently of the rest of the body - ➔ Third leading cause of death in the US and
a cancer most common cause of adult disability
➔ 20% of brain tumors are meningiomas ◆ Mild- partial paralysis
(encased in meninges) ◆ Incapacitating - full body paralysis
◆ encapsulated (grows within their
own membrane)
◆ usually benign (surgically CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE
removable)
➔ 80% grow on the surface of the brain ➔ bleeding in the brain
◆ Most brain tumors are infiltrating ➔ Can be caused by stress (result to aneurysm
◆ Grow diffusely through surrounding - blood vessel suddenly erupts)
tissue malignant , difficult to remove ➔ High blood pressure (the higher your blood
or destroy pressure the stretchier your blood vessels
➔ About 10% of brain tumors are metastatic become)
◆ (they originate elsewhere, usually ➔ blood vessel ruptures
the lungs) ➔ Aneurysm
◆ The cancer cells travel to other ➔ a weakened point in a blood vessel
body parts that makes a stroke more likely
➔ maybe congenital (present at birth)
Glioblastoma or due to poison or infection
➔ the deadliest brain tumor (malignant) CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA
➔ aggressive type of tumor
➔ starts in stages (stage 1 -4) ➔ disruption of blood supply
➔ if remain undetected in a matter of 1 month, ◆ Thrombosis - a plug forms in the
a stage 1 glioblastoma can become stage 3 brain
➔ a glioblastoma can grow anywhere ◆ Embolism - a plug forms
➔ its classification depends in the aggression elsewhere and moves to the brain
of the cancer ◆ Arteriosclerosis - wall of blood
vessels thicken; usually due to fat
Malignant - cancerous deposits
Benign - non-cancerous ➔ PLUG - hardened blood or fat deposits
◆ Pulmonary Embolism - plug
Gliomas forms in the lungs, and it reaches to
the brain
➔ benign
➔ but if it remains undetected for a long time it
can become malignant
➔ Brain tumors are difficult to diagnose
because their symptoms are typical.
◆ Meaning its symptoms are similar to
other illnesses.
