Motor learning midterm Exam Review |Que, answ &
summaries
optic flow **** detects movements of patterns of light from the environment.
Perceives motion, positions, timing, stability, velocity, and direction.
Role of motor programs **** -Define and issue commands
-Organize DF (degrees of freedom)
-Make postural adjustments
-Adapt reflexes for goal
What has our labs taught us about open and closed loop? **** A lot of our
movements have both
ventral stream **** what we see in the world, shapes and objects
exteroception **** sensory info from outside the body through the 5 senses
ex: perception of light, sound, or heat
golgi tendon organs and proprioception **** detetcts tension in the muscle, provide
information about force in the muscles, inhibits contractions. When you lift weights, the
GTOs tell you how much tension the muscle is exerting.
error signal **** information acted on by the executive
vestibular system and proprioception **** endolymph (fluid in ear) + utricle, helps
with coordination and balance
muscle spindles and proprioception **** detects changes in the length of muscle,
alerts the body if a muscle is being stretched too far
comparator **** anticipated feedback is compared to actual feedback to define error
effector **** carrying out the decisions
example of external focus **** movements of the opposing players
What defines how we use attention? **** the way attentional resources are allocated
Types of anticipation **** spatial and temporal
Is anticipation a positive or negative? **** can be both
example of temportal anticipation **** predicting when the horn will sound to begin a
race
For assistance with assignments contact
, example of spatial anticipation **** seeing a football player turn his foot a certain
way allows the other player to predict where he will throw or what his pass will be
If anticipation is done incorrectly... **** can jeapordize the system by having to stop
and go through the whole information processing again
reaction time **** indicates the speed and effectiveness of decision making
variable error **** Indicates the variability in outcomes across trials. Gives no
information about relationship between outcomes and target
choice reaction time **** the time it takes to respond to a stimulus when there are
multiple responses from which to choose
Continuous skill **** no distinct beginning or end, but can have arbitrary beginning
or end. The behavior can flow for minutes or hours
example of a continuous skill **** swimming, knitting, cycling, running
movement time is linear with... **** movement difficulty
interoception **** sensory info from inside the body and your brain perceiving
ex: hunger, butterflies in your stomach
for gross simple movement, what does arousal look like? **** peak performance at
high arousal
ex: weight lifting
how mcuh information can short-term memory store? **** 7 +/- 2 bits of information
interruption to any of the three stages of information processing will... **** increase
reaction time
formula for movement time (MT) **** MT = a + bLog2(2A/W)
Problems with motor program theory **** -Novel tasks are not explained
-Storage space is not accounted for
-solution is generalized motor program
the 4 parts of closed loop control **** executive, effector, comparator, and error
signal
example of narrow focus **** karate kicking a board, you only have to focus on the
board
For assistance with assignments contact
summaries
optic flow **** detects movements of patterns of light from the environment.
Perceives motion, positions, timing, stability, velocity, and direction.
Role of motor programs **** -Define and issue commands
-Organize DF (degrees of freedom)
-Make postural adjustments
-Adapt reflexes for goal
What has our labs taught us about open and closed loop? **** A lot of our
movements have both
ventral stream **** what we see in the world, shapes and objects
exteroception **** sensory info from outside the body through the 5 senses
ex: perception of light, sound, or heat
golgi tendon organs and proprioception **** detetcts tension in the muscle, provide
information about force in the muscles, inhibits contractions. When you lift weights, the
GTOs tell you how much tension the muscle is exerting.
error signal **** information acted on by the executive
vestibular system and proprioception **** endolymph (fluid in ear) + utricle, helps
with coordination and balance
muscle spindles and proprioception **** detects changes in the length of muscle,
alerts the body if a muscle is being stretched too far
comparator **** anticipated feedback is compared to actual feedback to define error
effector **** carrying out the decisions
example of external focus **** movements of the opposing players
What defines how we use attention? **** the way attentional resources are allocated
Types of anticipation **** spatial and temporal
Is anticipation a positive or negative? **** can be both
example of temportal anticipation **** predicting when the horn will sound to begin a
race
For assistance with assignments contact
, example of spatial anticipation **** seeing a football player turn his foot a certain
way allows the other player to predict where he will throw or what his pass will be
If anticipation is done incorrectly... **** can jeapordize the system by having to stop
and go through the whole information processing again
reaction time **** indicates the speed and effectiveness of decision making
variable error **** Indicates the variability in outcomes across trials. Gives no
information about relationship between outcomes and target
choice reaction time **** the time it takes to respond to a stimulus when there are
multiple responses from which to choose
Continuous skill **** no distinct beginning or end, but can have arbitrary beginning
or end. The behavior can flow for minutes or hours
example of a continuous skill **** swimming, knitting, cycling, running
movement time is linear with... **** movement difficulty
interoception **** sensory info from inside the body and your brain perceiving
ex: hunger, butterflies in your stomach
for gross simple movement, what does arousal look like? **** peak performance at
high arousal
ex: weight lifting
how mcuh information can short-term memory store? **** 7 +/- 2 bits of information
interruption to any of the three stages of information processing will... **** increase
reaction time
formula for movement time (MT) **** MT = a + bLog2(2A/W)
Problems with motor program theory **** -Novel tasks are not explained
-Storage space is not accounted for
-solution is generalized motor program
the 4 parts of closed loop control **** executive, effector, comparator, and error
signal
example of narrow focus **** karate kicking a board, you only have to focus on the
board
For assistance with assignments contact
