HESI Med Surg Exit Exam 2023-2024
Terms in this set (160)
0. A 9-year-old female ANS: B
client was recently Polydipsia (B), polyuria, and polyphagia are key signs of
diagnosed with diabetes diabetes in children and adults. (A
mellitus. Which symptom and C) are not associated with diabetes in children. (D) is
will not usually characteristic of
her parents most likely diabetes in children, but is associated with diabetes in
report? adults
a. Refuses to eat her
favorite meals at home.
b. Drinks more soft drinks
than previously.
c. Voids only one or two
times per day.
d. Gained 10 pounds within
one month
0. The nurse is planning care ANS: A
for a non-potty-trained Weighing the child daily (A), or more often, is the best
child with nephrotic intervention for detecting fluid
syndrome. Which retention. (B) should be implemented, but provides a
intervention provides the less accurate measure of fluid retention
best means of determining than (A). (C) is not a good evaluator of fluid retention,
fluid retention? but could be used to determine an
a. Weigh the child daily. obstruction. (D) is an appropriate and necessary
b. Observe the lower intervention for a child with nephrotic
extremities for pitting syndrome, but it is used to obtain I&O, and is not an
edema. accurate determination of weight gain,
c. Measure the child's which reflects fluid retention.
abdominal girth weekly.
d. Weigh the child's wet
diapers.
,1. While assessing a client ANS: C
with diabetes mellitus, the Signs of chronic arterial insufficiency include decreased
nurse observes an absence hair growth in the legs and feet,
of hair growth absent or decreased pedal pulses, infection in the foot,
on the client's legs. What poor wound healing, thickened nails,
additional assessment and a shiny appearance of the skin (C). Femoral pulses
provides further data to (A) should still be palpable in the
support this diabetic with chronic arterial insufficiency. A positive
finding? Homan's sign is an indicator of deep
a. Palpate for the presence vein thrombosis (B). (D) would probably not be affected
of femoral pulses bilaterally. significantly by chronic arterial
b. Assess for the presence insufficiency.
of a positive Homan's sign.
c. Observe the appearance
of the skin on the client's
legs.
d. Watch the client's posture
and balance during
ambulation
2. The healthcare provider ANS: C
prescribes 15 mg/kg of 4 lbs / 2.2 = 1.8 kg. 1.8 x 15 = 27 mg (C).
Streptomycin for an infant NOTE, the fact that the drug is diluted in 25 ml of D5W, is
weighing 4 pounds. not relevant to the calculation
The drug is diluted in 25 ml requested
of D5W to run over 8 hours.
How much Streptomycin
will the
infant receive?
a. 9 mg.
b. 18 mg.
c. 27 mg.
d. 36 mg
,3. A client diagnosed with ANS: C
Type 1 diabetes is NPO for a Glucose levels may rise as a result of hepatic glucose
diagnostic test. The nurse is production even if the client is NPO, so
preparing to the insulin dosage needs to be changed (C) by either
administer 24 units of 70/30 omitting the morning dose or
insulin. Which intervention administering regular insulin. (A) may cause the client to
should the nurse implement experience hypoglycemia. (B) may
first? result in hyperglycemia. (D) does not fully address the
a. Administer the insulin problem, so adjusting the insulin dose
subcutaneously in the is the better solution.
client's abdomen.
b. Administer the insulin
when the client returns from
the test.
c. Contact the healthcare
provider to adjust the
insulin dose.
d. Call the department and
request that this client's test
be done first.
, 3. A nurse is teaching a ANS: B
client postoperative When using an incentive spirometer, the client should
breathing techniques using exhale fully, then place the mouthpiece
an incentive spirometer in the mouth, and breathe in deeply and slowly over 3 to
(IS). What should the nurse 5 seconds (B) to fully expand the
encourage this client to do lungs by using inspiratory muscles. (A) forces air out of
to maintain sustained the lungs, rather than increasing the
maximal inspiratory reserve volume, which hyper-inflates the
inspiration? alveoli to prevent atelectasis in the
a. Exhale forcefully into the postoperative period. IS exercises should be done every
tubing for 3 to 5 seconds. two hours (D) while the client is
b. Inspire deeply and slowly awake during postoperative convalescence. (C) is used
over 3 to 5 seconds. to measure tidal volume.
c. Breathe into the
spirometer using normal
breath volumes.
d. Perform IS breathing
exercises every 6 hours.
Terms in this set (160)
0. A 9-year-old female ANS: B
client was recently Polydipsia (B), polyuria, and polyphagia are key signs of
diagnosed with diabetes diabetes in children and adults. (A
mellitus. Which symptom and C) are not associated with diabetes in children. (D) is
will not usually characteristic of
her parents most likely diabetes in children, but is associated with diabetes in
report? adults
a. Refuses to eat her
favorite meals at home.
b. Drinks more soft drinks
than previously.
c. Voids only one or two
times per day.
d. Gained 10 pounds within
one month
0. The nurse is planning care ANS: A
for a non-potty-trained Weighing the child daily (A), or more often, is the best
child with nephrotic intervention for detecting fluid
syndrome. Which retention. (B) should be implemented, but provides a
intervention provides the less accurate measure of fluid retention
best means of determining than (A). (C) is not a good evaluator of fluid retention,
fluid retention? but could be used to determine an
a. Weigh the child daily. obstruction. (D) is an appropriate and necessary
b. Observe the lower intervention for a child with nephrotic
extremities for pitting syndrome, but it is used to obtain I&O, and is not an
edema. accurate determination of weight gain,
c. Measure the child's which reflects fluid retention.
abdominal girth weekly.
d. Weigh the child's wet
diapers.
,1. While assessing a client ANS: C
with diabetes mellitus, the Signs of chronic arterial insufficiency include decreased
nurse observes an absence hair growth in the legs and feet,
of hair growth absent or decreased pedal pulses, infection in the foot,
on the client's legs. What poor wound healing, thickened nails,
additional assessment and a shiny appearance of the skin (C). Femoral pulses
provides further data to (A) should still be palpable in the
support this diabetic with chronic arterial insufficiency. A positive
finding? Homan's sign is an indicator of deep
a. Palpate for the presence vein thrombosis (B). (D) would probably not be affected
of femoral pulses bilaterally. significantly by chronic arterial
b. Assess for the presence insufficiency.
of a positive Homan's sign.
c. Observe the appearance
of the skin on the client's
legs.
d. Watch the client's posture
and balance during
ambulation
2. The healthcare provider ANS: C
prescribes 15 mg/kg of 4 lbs / 2.2 = 1.8 kg. 1.8 x 15 = 27 mg (C).
Streptomycin for an infant NOTE, the fact that the drug is diluted in 25 ml of D5W, is
weighing 4 pounds. not relevant to the calculation
The drug is diluted in 25 ml requested
of D5W to run over 8 hours.
How much Streptomycin
will the
infant receive?
a. 9 mg.
b. 18 mg.
c. 27 mg.
d. 36 mg
,3. A client diagnosed with ANS: C
Type 1 diabetes is NPO for a Glucose levels may rise as a result of hepatic glucose
diagnostic test. The nurse is production even if the client is NPO, so
preparing to the insulin dosage needs to be changed (C) by either
administer 24 units of 70/30 omitting the morning dose or
insulin. Which intervention administering regular insulin. (A) may cause the client to
should the nurse implement experience hypoglycemia. (B) may
first? result in hyperglycemia. (D) does not fully address the
a. Administer the insulin problem, so adjusting the insulin dose
subcutaneously in the is the better solution.
client's abdomen.
b. Administer the insulin
when the client returns from
the test.
c. Contact the healthcare
provider to adjust the
insulin dose.
d. Call the department and
request that this client's test
be done first.
, 3. A nurse is teaching a ANS: B
client postoperative When using an incentive spirometer, the client should
breathing techniques using exhale fully, then place the mouthpiece
an incentive spirometer in the mouth, and breathe in deeply and slowly over 3 to
(IS). What should the nurse 5 seconds (B) to fully expand the
encourage this client to do lungs by using inspiratory muscles. (A) forces air out of
to maintain sustained the lungs, rather than increasing the
maximal inspiratory reserve volume, which hyper-inflates the
inspiration? alveoli to prevent atelectasis in the
a. Exhale forcefully into the postoperative period. IS exercises should be done every
tubing for 3 to 5 seconds. two hours (D) while the client is
b. Inspire deeply and slowly awake during postoperative convalescence. (C) is used
over 3 to 5 seconds. to measure tidal volume.
c. Breathe into the
spirometer using normal
breath volumes.
d. Perform IS breathing
exercises every 6 hours.
