Mastering A&P Chapter 6 Practice Questions 2024
A given hormone affects ________.
A) only specific target cells, because nontarget cells lack the appropriate receptors
B) only specific target cells, because hormones are delivered only to those cells
C) all cells in the body, because hormones are secreted into blood, which is then
transported everywhere
D) all cells in the body, but different types of cells produce different responses to the
hormone ** Answ** A) only specific target cells, because nontarget cells lack the
appropriate receptors
Choose the true statement.
A) Paracrine signals are used for long-distance communication.
B) Cytokines are generally made in advance and stored until needed.
C) Autocrine signals are produced by and act upon the same cell.
D) Neurotransmitters are a type of neurohormone. ** Answ** C) Autocrine signals
are produced by and act upon the same cell.
Which form of cell-to-cell communication uses the direct transfer of electrical and
chemical signals?
A) Gap junction signaling
B) Autocrine signaling
C) Contact dependent signaling
D) Endocrine signaling ** Answ** A) Gap junction signaling
What determines which cells act as targets for endocrine signals?
A) those cells that are derived from the same embryonic tissue as the endocrine organ
B) those cells in the same area as the cells that release the hormone
C) those with a high density of CAMs
D) those cells with receptors specific for the signaling molecule ** Answ** D) those
cells with receptors specific for the signaling molecule
Choose the correct example of signal amplification.
A) One hormone-producing cell alters the activity of more than one target cell.
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, B) One hormone molecule causes the activation of more than one second messenger
molecule.
C) A chemical signal is converted into a mechanical signal.
D) An electrical signal is converted into a mechanical signal. ** Answ** B) One
hormone molecule causes the activation of more than one second messenger molecule.
The most rapid intracellular responses to signals result from activation of receptors that
are also __________.
A) second messengers
B) enzymes
C) amplifiers
D) ion channels ** Answ** D) ion channels
What is the best example of a first messenger?
A) Na+, which binds to the Na+/K+ATP pump and is actively transported out of a cell in
exchange for K+.
B) Dystrophin, which associates with costameres to transmit the force of muscle
contraction to the extracellular matrix.
C) Myosin, which binds to actin and causes muscle contraction.
D) Insulin, which causes the target cell to take up glucose from the blood. ** Answ**
D) Insulin, which causes the target cell to take up glucose from the blood.
Which specific characteristic must a signaling molecule have in order to bind to a
cytosolic or nuclear receptor?
A) It must be actively transported across the membrane.
B) It must contain significant polarity to allow it to associate with its receptor.
C) It must be a gene activator.
D) It must be lipophilic. ** Answ** D) It must be lipophilic.
Which type of receptor alters the cytoskeleton when its ligand binds to it?
A) Receptor-enzyme
B) Integrin receptor
C) G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)
D) Receptor-channel ** Answ** B) Integrin receptor
The binding of a single ligand to its receptor can activate many second messengers.
Which characteristic of signal transduction systems is this?
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A given hormone affects ________.
A) only specific target cells, because nontarget cells lack the appropriate receptors
B) only specific target cells, because hormones are delivered only to those cells
C) all cells in the body, because hormones are secreted into blood, which is then
transported everywhere
D) all cells in the body, but different types of cells produce different responses to the
hormone ** Answ** A) only specific target cells, because nontarget cells lack the
appropriate receptors
Choose the true statement.
A) Paracrine signals are used for long-distance communication.
B) Cytokines are generally made in advance and stored until needed.
C) Autocrine signals are produced by and act upon the same cell.
D) Neurotransmitters are a type of neurohormone. ** Answ** C) Autocrine signals
are produced by and act upon the same cell.
Which form of cell-to-cell communication uses the direct transfer of electrical and
chemical signals?
A) Gap junction signaling
B) Autocrine signaling
C) Contact dependent signaling
D) Endocrine signaling ** Answ** A) Gap junction signaling
What determines which cells act as targets for endocrine signals?
A) those cells that are derived from the same embryonic tissue as the endocrine organ
B) those cells in the same area as the cells that release the hormone
C) those with a high density of CAMs
D) those cells with receptors specific for the signaling molecule ** Answ** D) those
cells with receptors specific for the signaling molecule
Choose the correct example of signal amplification.
A) One hormone-producing cell alters the activity of more than one target cell.
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, B) One hormone molecule causes the activation of more than one second messenger
molecule.
C) A chemical signal is converted into a mechanical signal.
D) An electrical signal is converted into a mechanical signal. ** Answ** B) One
hormone molecule causes the activation of more than one second messenger molecule.
The most rapid intracellular responses to signals result from activation of receptors that
are also __________.
A) second messengers
B) enzymes
C) amplifiers
D) ion channels ** Answ** D) ion channels
What is the best example of a first messenger?
A) Na+, which binds to the Na+/K+ATP pump and is actively transported out of a cell in
exchange for K+.
B) Dystrophin, which associates with costameres to transmit the force of muscle
contraction to the extracellular matrix.
C) Myosin, which binds to actin and causes muscle contraction.
D) Insulin, which causes the target cell to take up glucose from the blood. ** Answ**
D) Insulin, which causes the target cell to take up glucose from the blood.
Which specific characteristic must a signaling molecule have in order to bind to a
cytosolic or nuclear receptor?
A) It must be actively transported across the membrane.
B) It must contain significant polarity to allow it to associate with its receptor.
C) It must be a gene activator.
D) It must be lipophilic. ** Answ** D) It must be lipophilic.
Which type of receptor alters the cytoskeleton when its ligand binds to it?
A) Receptor-enzyme
B) Integrin receptor
C) G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)
D) Receptor-channel ** Answ** B) Integrin receptor
The binding of a single ligand to its receptor can activate many second messengers.
Which characteristic of signal transduction systems is this?
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