Bio II H Final Exam Review 2024 | Verified Answers
1. True: True or False? The endocrine system regulates the functions of the body by
partnering with the nervous system.
2. False; do: True or False? Hormones do not help regulate metabolic processes.
3. True: True or False? Hormones diffuse into the bloodstream and are carried to all parts of the
body.
4. False; nonsteroid: True or False? Steroid hormones are derived from amino acids and
include adrenaline, thyroid hormone, melatonin, and parathyroid hor- mones.
5. False; up-regulation: True or False? Upgrading is an increase in the number or receptors on a
target cell.
6. True: True or False? The more receptors a hormone binds on its target cells, the greater the
response.
7. True: True or False? A value called the half-life is used to indicate the rate of removal of a
substance.
8. False; quickly: True or False? Hormones with short half-lives control body func- tions that turn
on and off slowly.
9. False; humoral: True or False? The control source in which another group of glands
responds directly to changes in the composition of the blood is hormonal.
10.False; hypophysis: True or False? The pituitary gland is also called the hypo- thalamus.
11.False; posterior: True or False? The anterior pituitary is actually part of the nervous
system.
12.False; inferior: True or False? The thyroid lies just superior to the larynx on either side
and anterior to the trachea.
13.True: True or False? 95% of the thyroid hormone (TH) is T4 (thyroxine).
14.True: True or False? An enlarged thyroid, called a goiter, sometimes results from an iodine
deficiency.
15.False; calcium and phosphate: True or False? The parathyroid glands secrete a hormone that
regulates the concentration of calcium and potassium ions in the blood.
16.False; 80% and 20%: True or False? Ratio of the hormones from the adrenal medulla is
usually 70% epinephrine (adrenaline) and 30% norepinephrine (nora- drenaline).
17.True: True or False? Aldosterone is a hormone of the adrenal cortex that is a
mineralocorticoid; it helps regulate the concentration of mineral electrolytes.
18.True: True or False? The pancreas is an endocrine and an exocrine gland.
19.True: True or False? A low blood glucose concentration stimulates alpha cells to secrete
glucagon.
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20.False; beta: True or False? When glucose concentrations are high (after a meal), delta cells
release insulin to prevent excess rise of blood glucose levels.
21.True: True or False? The pineal gland secretes melatonin.
22.False; thymus: True or False? The thyroid is largest and functions best when you are
young and shrinks with age.
23.True: True or False? The digestive glands that secrete hormones are generally associated
with the linings of the stomach and small intestine.
24.True: True or False? A factor capable of initiating physiological responses that resists a loss
of homeostasis is called a stressor.
25.True: True or False? Physical stress threatens tissues.
26.Its organs are not connected.: How is the endocrine system unique?
27.To secrete inside.: What does "endocrine" mean?
28.Target Cells: have specific receptors that are not
found on other cells; these receptors have binding sites for specific hormones.
29.One second; seconds or hours: Neurotransmitters work in less than ;
hormones work in
.
30.Metabolism: Hormones exert their effects by altering the rate of
.
31.Can: The number of receptors on target cells can/cannot (choose one) change.
32.Down-Regulation: occurs because of a
decrease in the number of receptors in response to a prolonged increase in hormone levels.
33.Pituitary Stalk: The pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus by the
.
34.Hypothalamus: Hormones of the posterior pituitary are actually produced in the
.
35.Increases; increases; increases; decreases: Adrenaline and noradrenaline
heart rate, blood pressure,
air flow to the lungs, and
digestive activity.
36.Ovaries; testes; placenta: The reproductive organs that secrete im- portant
hormones include the , , and
.
37.Psychological: stress results from thoughts about real
or imagine dangers, personal losses, fear, anxiety, or angers.
38.A, B, D: Hormones (choose all that apply):
A. Aid in transporting substances through membranes.
B. Help regulate water balance and electrolyte balance.
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C. Do not play a role in reproduction.
D. Play a role in development and growth.
39.B: The duration of their activity is very brief:
A. Hormones
B. Neurotransmitters
40.C: Growth hormone (GH):
A. Stimulates its target cells to stay the same size.
B. Acts to increase the rate at which most body cells obtain and use glucose.
C. Stimulates liver cells to release glucose into the blood.
D. Decreases the rate at which body cells use fats as a source of energy.
41.A: A hyposecretion of growth hormone (GH) causes:
A. Dwarfism
B. Giganticism
42.D: Growth hormone (GH) levels peak:
A. During sleep.
B. In response to exercise.
C. In response to trauma.
D. All of the above.
E. None of the above.
43.B: Hormone of the anterior pituitary that controls growth and development of follicles in
the female and stimulates the production of sperm in males:
A. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
B. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D. Prolactin (PRL)
44.A: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH):
A. Reduces the volume of water that the kidneys excrete.
B. Causes the body to reabsorb less water.
C. Produces more urine.
D. Is a hormone of the thyroid gland.
45.A: Hormone of the posterior pituitary that contracts smooth muscles in the uterus and plays
a role in the later stages of childbirth:
A. Oxytocin (OT)
B. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C. Prolactin (PRL)
D. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
46.D: The thyroid gland is specialized to remove from the blood
which is required by its cells to produce T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine).
A. Calcium
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B. Iron
C. Potassium
D. Iodine
47.D: Thyroid hormone (TH):
A. Regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
B. Increases the rate at which cells release energy from carbohydrates
C. Enhances the rate of protein synthesis
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
48.B: Common in older adults causing fatigue and weight gain:
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Hypothyroidism
49.C: A high blood calcium ion concentration stimulates
secretion.
A. Insulin
B. T3 (triiodothyronine)
C. Calcitonin
D. Oxytocin (OT)
50.A: The same hormones as those of the gonads, except they are secreted in small
amounts throughout life:
A. Adrenal sex hormones
B. Aldosterone
C. Adrenaline
D. Estrogen
51.D: Hormone of the adrenal cortex that affects glucose metabolism, stimulates liver cells to
make glucose from non carbohydrates, promotes fatty acid releases from adipose tissue, and
keeps the blood glucose concentration within normal range between meals:
A. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
B. Aldosterone
C. Calcitonin
D. Cortisol
52.B: The action of decreases the concentration of blood
glucose; this prevents excess rise of blood glucose levels.
A. Glucagon
B. Insulin
C. Alpha cells
D. Somatostatin
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1. True: True or False? The endocrine system regulates the functions of the body by
partnering with the nervous system.
2. False; do: True or False? Hormones do not help regulate metabolic processes.
3. True: True or False? Hormones diffuse into the bloodstream and are carried to all parts of the
body.
4. False; nonsteroid: True or False? Steroid hormones are derived from amino acids and
include adrenaline, thyroid hormone, melatonin, and parathyroid hor- mones.
5. False; up-regulation: True or False? Upgrading is an increase in the number or receptors on a
target cell.
6. True: True or False? The more receptors a hormone binds on its target cells, the greater the
response.
7. True: True or False? A value called the half-life is used to indicate the rate of removal of a
substance.
8. False; quickly: True or False? Hormones with short half-lives control body func- tions that turn
on and off slowly.
9. False; humoral: True or False? The control source in which another group of glands
responds directly to changes in the composition of the blood is hormonal.
10.False; hypophysis: True or False? The pituitary gland is also called the hypo- thalamus.
11.False; posterior: True or False? The anterior pituitary is actually part of the nervous
system.
12.False; inferior: True or False? The thyroid lies just superior to the larynx on either side
and anterior to the trachea.
13.True: True or False? 95% of the thyroid hormone (TH) is T4 (thyroxine).
14.True: True or False? An enlarged thyroid, called a goiter, sometimes results from an iodine
deficiency.
15.False; calcium and phosphate: True or False? The parathyroid glands secrete a hormone that
regulates the concentration of calcium and potassium ions in the blood.
16.False; 80% and 20%: True or False? Ratio of the hormones from the adrenal medulla is
usually 70% epinephrine (adrenaline) and 30% norepinephrine (nora- drenaline).
17.True: True or False? Aldosterone is a hormone of the adrenal cortex that is a
mineralocorticoid; it helps regulate the concentration of mineral electrolytes.
18.True: True or False? The pancreas is an endocrine and an exocrine gland.
19.True: True or False? A low blood glucose concentration stimulates alpha cells to secrete
glucagon.
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, Bio II H Final Exam Review 2024 | Verified Answers
20.False; beta: True or False? When glucose concentrations are high (after a meal), delta cells
release insulin to prevent excess rise of blood glucose levels.
21.True: True or False? The pineal gland secretes melatonin.
22.False; thymus: True or False? The thyroid is largest and functions best when you are
young and shrinks with age.
23.True: True or False? The digestive glands that secrete hormones are generally associated
with the linings of the stomach and small intestine.
24.True: True or False? A factor capable of initiating physiological responses that resists a loss
of homeostasis is called a stressor.
25.True: True or False? Physical stress threatens tissues.
26.Its organs are not connected.: How is the endocrine system unique?
27.To secrete inside.: What does "endocrine" mean?
28.Target Cells: have specific receptors that are not
found on other cells; these receptors have binding sites for specific hormones.
29.One second; seconds or hours: Neurotransmitters work in less than ;
hormones work in
.
30.Metabolism: Hormones exert their effects by altering the rate of
.
31.Can: The number of receptors on target cells can/cannot (choose one) change.
32.Down-Regulation: occurs because of a
decrease in the number of receptors in response to a prolonged increase in hormone levels.
33.Pituitary Stalk: The pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus by the
.
34.Hypothalamus: Hormones of the posterior pituitary are actually produced in the
.
35.Increases; increases; increases; decreases: Adrenaline and noradrenaline
heart rate, blood pressure,
air flow to the lungs, and
digestive activity.
36.Ovaries; testes; placenta: The reproductive organs that secrete im- portant
hormones include the , , and
.
37.Psychological: stress results from thoughts about real
or imagine dangers, personal losses, fear, anxiety, or angers.
38.A, B, D: Hormones (choose all that apply):
A. Aid in transporting substances through membranes.
B. Help regulate water balance and electrolyte balance.
Contact for help with assignments .
, Bio II H Final Exam Review 2024 | Verified Answers
C. Do not play a role in reproduction.
D. Play a role in development and growth.
39.B: The duration of their activity is very brief:
A. Hormones
B. Neurotransmitters
40.C: Growth hormone (GH):
A. Stimulates its target cells to stay the same size.
B. Acts to increase the rate at which most body cells obtain and use glucose.
C. Stimulates liver cells to release glucose into the blood.
D. Decreases the rate at which body cells use fats as a source of energy.
41.A: A hyposecretion of growth hormone (GH) causes:
A. Dwarfism
B. Giganticism
42.D: Growth hormone (GH) levels peak:
A. During sleep.
B. In response to exercise.
C. In response to trauma.
D. All of the above.
E. None of the above.
43.B: Hormone of the anterior pituitary that controls growth and development of follicles in
the female and stimulates the production of sperm in males:
A. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
B. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D. Prolactin (PRL)
44.A: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH):
A. Reduces the volume of water that the kidneys excrete.
B. Causes the body to reabsorb less water.
C. Produces more urine.
D. Is a hormone of the thyroid gland.
45.A: Hormone of the posterior pituitary that contracts smooth muscles in the uterus and plays
a role in the later stages of childbirth:
A. Oxytocin (OT)
B. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
C. Prolactin (PRL)
D. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
46.D: The thyroid gland is specialized to remove from the blood
which is required by its cells to produce T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine).
A. Calcium
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B. Iron
C. Potassium
D. Iodine
47.D: Thyroid hormone (TH):
A. Regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
B. Increases the rate at which cells release energy from carbohydrates
C. Enhances the rate of protein synthesis
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
48.B: Common in older adults causing fatigue and weight gain:
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Hypothyroidism
49.C: A high blood calcium ion concentration stimulates
secretion.
A. Insulin
B. T3 (triiodothyronine)
C. Calcitonin
D. Oxytocin (OT)
50.A: The same hormones as those of the gonads, except they are secreted in small
amounts throughout life:
A. Adrenal sex hormones
B. Aldosterone
C. Adrenaline
D. Estrogen
51.D: Hormone of the adrenal cortex that affects glucose metabolism, stimulates liver cells to
make glucose from non carbohydrates, promotes fatty acid releases from adipose tissue, and
keeps the blood glucose concentration within normal range between meals:
A. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
B. Aldosterone
C. Calcitonin
D. Cortisol
52.B: The action of decreases the concentration of blood
glucose; this prevents excess rise of blood glucose levels.
A. Glucagon
B. Insulin
C. Alpha cells
D. Somatostatin
Contact for help with assignments .
