2024
2024 NURS 4120 UNIT 1 EXAM
PART 1 WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Ductus Venosus - CORRECT ANSWERS-Connects the umbilical vein to the
inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver; Adaptation seen in fetal
circulation; "shortcut"
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction - CORRECT ANSWERS-The fact that
the lungs constrict vessels in attempt to maximize amount of blood flow
and gas exchange; Alveolus helps constrict and contract the arteriole
(increases the resistance of the arteriole) - develops a lot of resistance in
the fetal lungs; Pressure in pulmonary artery increases - which goes back
to high pressure in the right side of the heart
Foramen Ovale - CORRECT ANSWERS-Adaptation of fetal circulation that
connects the two atria in the fetal heart; Allows blood to go from one
atrium over to the other; Useful: b/c at the same time that you have blood
going across, you don't have too much blood coming back through the
pulmonary veins (since it's hard to get blood flow through the lungs due to
resistance)
Ductus arteriosus - CORRECT ANSWERS-A blood vessel in a fetus that
bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery
directly to the ascending aorta (due to high pressure in pulmonary
arteries); Adaptation of fetal circulation
Umbilical artery - CORRECT ANSWERS-Carries deoxygenated blood from
fetus to placenta (placenta has very low resistance - allows for blood to
divert to it); Adaptation of fetal circulation
Umbilical vein, ductus venosus, foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus, and
umbilical artery - CORRECT ANSWERS-5 adaptations in fetal circulation
Assistive reproductive technology, smoking, Hx of untreated pelvic
infections/pelvic inflammatory disease, prior tubal surgery, and congenital
abnormal anatomy - CORRECT ANSWERS-Ectopic pregnancy risk factors
Methotrexate (drug given) & continue monitoring of hCG levels - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Medical tx for ectopic pregnancy
, 2024
Salpingectomy - CORRECT ANSWERS-Surgical removal of a fallopian tube;
Surgery required for ectopic pregnancy
Fundal Height - CORRECT ANSWERS-Measured from symphysis pubis to
top of fundus; Should correlate in cm to the gestational age of the
pregnancy
Amniocentesis - CORRECT ANSWERS-Ultrasound guided, performed after
16 weeks to identify fetal genetic abnormalities; Needle inserted into
amniotic sac and fluid withdrawn - complete genetic profile; Can be used
to confirm ultrasound findings; Also used later in pregnancy to assess fetal
lung maturity (L:S ratio and PG)
PROM (premature rupture of membranes), PTL (preterm labor), infection,
and fetal demise - CORRECT ANSWERS-Risks r/t amniocentesis
Rhogam - CORRECT ANSWERS-Used to prevent an immune response to Rh
positive blood in people with an Rh negative blood type; Assess the need
to give this after any invasive testing
Fetal Kick Counts - CORRECT ANSWERS-Start at 28 weeks - perform during
baby's most active time; Well, oxygenated baby is going to move and kick
all day; Reduction or absence of movements can indicate fetal distress,
hypoxia, or demise; Can be affected by maternal drug use, smoking; Drink
plenty of fluid (sugary beverage), eat, lie down
If less than 10 in 2 hours - CORRECT ANSWERS-when counting fetal
movement (fetal kicks), when should you call MD?
Non-stress test (NST) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Current standard to measure
fetal well-being; 20 minutes on external fetal monitor (can be extended to
40 if needed)
Identify FHR baseline (where does the FHR spend most time?)
- Reported in increments of 0 or 5 bpm
- Must use at least 10-min strip to identify - CORRECT ANSWERS-Step 1 of
NST
Identify variability (absent, minimal (< 5 bpm), moderate (6-25 bpm),
marked (> 25 bpm)) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Step 2 of NST
Accelerations - CORRECT ANSWERS-Periodic increases in the baseline fetal
heart rate; Completely normal - represents a well, oxygenated baby;
Represents communication between the brain and heart
2 accelerations 15 bpm above baseline lasting at least 15 secs - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Reactive NST for 32 weeks 1 day - 42 weeks
2024 NURS 4120 UNIT 1 EXAM
PART 1 WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Ductus Venosus - CORRECT ANSWERS-Connects the umbilical vein to the
inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver; Adaptation seen in fetal
circulation; "shortcut"
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction - CORRECT ANSWERS-The fact that
the lungs constrict vessels in attempt to maximize amount of blood flow
and gas exchange; Alveolus helps constrict and contract the arteriole
(increases the resistance of the arteriole) - develops a lot of resistance in
the fetal lungs; Pressure in pulmonary artery increases - which goes back
to high pressure in the right side of the heart
Foramen Ovale - CORRECT ANSWERS-Adaptation of fetal circulation that
connects the two atria in the fetal heart; Allows blood to go from one
atrium over to the other; Useful: b/c at the same time that you have blood
going across, you don't have too much blood coming back through the
pulmonary veins (since it's hard to get blood flow through the lungs due to
resistance)
Ductus arteriosus - CORRECT ANSWERS-A blood vessel in a fetus that
bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery
directly to the ascending aorta (due to high pressure in pulmonary
arteries); Adaptation of fetal circulation
Umbilical artery - CORRECT ANSWERS-Carries deoxygenated blood from
fetus to placenta (placenta has very low resistance - allows for blood to
divert to it); Adaptation of fetal circulation
Umbilical vein, ductus venosus, foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus, and
umbilical artery - CORRECT ANSWERS-5 adaptations in fetal circulation
Assistive reproductive technology, smoking, Hx of untreated pelvic
infections/pelvic inflammatory disease, prior tubal surgery, and congenital
abnormal anatomy - CORRECT ANSWERS-Ectopic pregnancy risk factors
Methotrexate (drug given) & continue monitoring of hCG levels - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Medical tx for ectopic pregnancy
, 2024
Salpingectomy - CORRECT ANSWERS-Surgical removal of a fallopian tube;
Surgery required for ectopic pregnancy
Fundal Height - CORRECT ANSWERS-Measured from symphysis pubis to
top of fundus; Should correlate in cm to the gestational age of the
pregnancy
Amniocentesis - CORRECT ANSWERS-Ultrasound guided, performed after
16 weeks to identify fetal genetic abnormalities; Needle inserted into
amniotic sac and fluid withdrawn - complete genetic profile; Can be used
to confirm ultrasound findings; Also used later in pregnancy to assess fetal
lung maturity (L:S ratio and PG)
PROM (premature rupture of membranes), PTL (preterm labor), infection,
and fetal demise - CORRECT ANSWERS-Risks r/t amniocentesis
Rhogam - CORRECT ANSWERS-Used to prevent an immune response to Rh
positive blood in people with an Rh negative blood type; Assess the need
to give this after any invasive testing
Fetal Kick Counts - CORRECT ANSWERS-Start at 28 weeks - perform during
baby's most active time; Well, oxygenated baby is going to move and kick
all day; Reduction or absence of movements can indicate fetal distress,
hypoxia, or demise; Can be affected by maternal drug use, smoking; Drink
plenty of fluid (sugary beverage), eat, lie down
If less than 10 in 2 hours - CORRECT ANSWERS-when counting fetal
movement (fetal kicks), when should you call MD?
Non-stress test (NST) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Current standard to measure
fetal well-being; 20 minutes on external fetal monitor (can be extended to
40 if needed)
Identify FHR baseline (where does the FHR spend most time?)
- Reported in increments of 0 or 5 bpm
- Must use at least 10-min strip to identify - CORRECT ANSWERS-Step 1 of
NST
Identify variability (absent, minimal (< 5 bpm), moderate (6-25 bpm),
marked (> 25 bpm)) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Step 2 of NST
Accelerations - CORRECT ANSWERS-Periodic increases in the baseline fetal
heart rate; Completely normal - represents a well, oxygenated baby;
Represents communication between the brain and heart
2 accelerations 15 bpm above baseline lasting at least 15 secs - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Reactive NST for 32 weeks 1 day - 42 weeks
