Maryville University Pharmacology NURS-615 Exam 2 Questions and Answers New (2024/2025) Solved 100% Correct

Aminoglycosides block protein production and consist of which antibiotics? - gentamicin, streptomycin, tobramycin Anti-depressant that is to be used with caution in cardiac patients due to behaving like class 1 antiarrythmics? - TCAs Are cephalosporins bactericidal or bacteriostatic? - Bacteriocidal Are PCNs bactericidal or bactriostatic? - Bactericidal Are sulfonamides bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic? - Bacteriostatic Are tetracyclines bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal? - bacteriostatic Are tetracyclines broad or narrow in spectruM? - Broad and they have a lot of resistance issues Benzodiazepines affect what neurotransmitter and how? - Increases the effects of GABA Can valproate (Depakote) be used during pregnancy? - It is a known teratogen. If needed, must be used after 1st trimester. Do cephalosporins become more broad or narrow in spectrum as you go up in generation? - More broad spectrum Does Lithium have a broad or narrow therapeutic range? - Narrow therapeutic range; toxicity may show nausea and drowsinessHow and when is silver sulfadiazine used? - Used for burns, but its usefulness is poor How are acyclovir and valcyclovir metabolized? - 10% by the liver and 90% by the kidneys How are sexual side effects linked to SSRIs? - Sexual side effects may start after 1 month; especially common in Paxil How do anti-TB drugs work? - They inhibit the formation of mycolic acids which are an important part of the cell wall How do anti-virals (neuramidase inhibitors) work? - These medications break the bond that attaches the viral particles to the host cell and keeps them from replicating How do anti-virals for HSV and VZV work? - They block an enzyme that is essential in the production of new viruses so they can't replicate How do SSRIs work? - They block the reuptake of serotonin at the synaptic cleft so there is more serotonin around How do you discontinue an SSRI? - Taper by reducing the dose by 50% for 3-4 days How does antibiotic resistance occur? - 1. Natural by genetic mutations 2. Spontaneous by random mutations 3. Build up over time or by misuse of antibiotics How does carbamazepine work? - Works by decreasing nerve impulses that cause seizures and painHow does doxycline affect OCPs? - Little evidence has shown that it does affect OCPs, but a second method of protection should be used How does ethambutol work as an anti-TB drug? - It inhibits the sythesis of mycelic acids which is an important part of the cell wall How does Lithium act as a mood stabilizer? - It replaces sodium during depolarization so it stops the transmission of electrical impulses How does phentermine work? - Treats obesity by decreasing the hunger perception and releases NE an EPI which breaks down stored fat = lose weight