HN 308 Questions and Correct Answers

The most common digestible polysaccharide in plants Ans Starch 2 Forms of Starch Ans amylose (15-20%) and amylopectin (80-85%) Major form of stored carbohydrate in animals Ans Glycogen The most important dietary carbohydrates nutritionally Ans Poly- and di- saccharides What is the only type of carbohydrate that can be absorbed by the GI tract into the bloodstream? Ans Monosaccharides Which digestive enzymes are produced by enterocytes? Ans Dextrinase and disaccharides (dextrinase beaks oligosaccharides into the disaccharides sucrose, maltose and lactose) Almost all fructose and galactose are taken up by which organ in the body? Ans The Liver Where in the body is glucose transport insulin-dependent? Ans Skeletal and heart muscle and adipose tissue GLUTs are needed in what cells? Ans All of them Glut4 Ans cell-type specific and insulin-sensitive Exclusively expressed in skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue, THE MOST IMPORTANT TISSUES FOR GLUCOSE DISPOSAL Hormones that raise blood glucose Ans Glucagon - alpha cells Epinephrine Growth Hormone Cortisol Hormones that lower blood glucose Ans Insulin: the only hormone to directly lower blood glucose. Beta cells Thyroid hormone: via increasing met