Neuro anatomy and physiology Questions and Correct Answers

nervous system Ans the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body. responsible for regulating and coordinating all body systems central nervous system Ans brain and spinal cord peripheral nervous system Ans the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body; consists of 12 pairs of cranial nerves; 31 spinal nerves; divided into somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system afferent nerves, efferent nerves afferent neurons Ans Nerve cells that carry impulses towards the central nervous system; sensory neurons efferent neurons Ans Nerve cells that conduct impulses away from the central nervous system; motor neurons neuron Ans a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system; consists of 3 parts: cell body, dendrite, axon; primary fuel source is glucose most neuron cell bodies are located Ans in the CNS; when densely grouped together, known as nuclei; in PNS, groups of neurons are called ganglia or plexuses dendrites Ans Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information and direct it to the cell body axon Ans A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body. covered with a myelin sheath myelin sheath Ans A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next. interrupted at various in