Complete Test Bank Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th Edition Rothrock Questions & Answers with rationales (Chapter 1-30)
Perioperative nursing - ANSWER nursing care provided for the patient before, during, and after surgery
"Never events" - ANSWER Are serious and costly errors resulting in severe consequences for the patient and are mostly preventable; Medicare no longer reimburses
Surgery on the wrong body part, wrong patient, wrong surgery on a patient, DVT/PE after hip replacement, site infections - ANSWER Examples of "never events"
Preoperative phase - ANSWER Begins with the client's decision to have surgery and ends when he enters the operating room
Ablative surgery - ANSWER Involves removal of a diseased body part
Diagnostic (exploratory) surgery - ANSWER Is done to confirm or rule out a diagnosis
Palliative surgery - ANSWER Is performed to relieve discomfort or other disease symptoms without producing a cure
Reconstructive surgery - ANSWER Is performed to restore function, for example, rotator cuff repair
Cosmetic surgery - ANSWER is done to improve appearance (e.g., face-lift).
Transplant, surgery - ANSWER Replaces a malfunctioning, body, part, tissue, or organ. Joint replacements and organ replacement procedures are included in this category.
procurement surgery - ANSWER Is related to transplant surgery. An organ or tissue is harvested from someone pronounced brain dead for transplantation into another person.
Emergency surgery - ANSWER Requires transport to the operating sweet as soon as possible to preserve the patient's life or function. The surgical team is summoned in preparation or made rapidly. Internal hemorrhage, rupture of an organ, and trauma
or common causes of emergency surgery . Urgent surgery - ANSWER Is scheduled within 24 to 48 hours to alleviate symptoms, repair, a body, part, or restore function. Removal of a cancerous breast, an internal fixation of a fracture or examples .
Elective surgery - ANSWER Is performed when surgery is the recommended course of action, but the condition is not time sensitive. The client may delay surgery to gather information, consider options, or organize care for the family. Examples include repair of a torn ligament and removal of rectal polyps.
Major surgery - ANSWER Is associated with a high degree of risk, for example, the
potential for significant blood loss, a prolonged or complicated procedure, surgery involving vital organs, or a high risk for postoperative complications.M
Minor surgery - ANSWER Often performed on an outpatient basis, involves little risk, and usually has few complications. Examples include breast, biopsy, and inguinal hernia repair.
The very young and very old - ANSWER What ages are at greatest risk during surgical procedures?
Clean wounds - ANSWER Uninfected; minimal inflammation; little risk of infection
Surgery does not involve the gastrointestinal, respiratory, or genitourinary tract
Clean-contaminated wounds - ANSWER Not infected, but carry INCREASED risk for infection
Contaminated wounds - ANSWER Not infected, but carry HIGH risk for infection
Infected wounds - ANSWER evidence of infection, such as purulent drainage, necrotic tissue, or bacterial counts above 100,000 organisms per gram of tissue
Vitamin E - ANSWER Patients who self prescribe high doses of vitamin E maybe at increased risk for what during a surgical procedure?
may potentiate the action of anesthetic agents - ANSWER Why might antibiotics have an increased surgical risk?
Increase risk for bleeding - ANSWER Why might anticoagulants have an increased
surgical risk?
May impair cardiac function during anesthesia - ANSWER Why might antidysrhythmic's have an increased surgical risk?
Increase the risk for hypotension during surgery, may interact with anesthetic agents to cause bradycardia and impaired circulation - ANSWER Why might antihypertensives have an increased surgical risk?
Increases risk for bleeding - ANSWER Why might aspirin have an increased surgical risk?
Perioperative nursing - ANSWER nursing care provided for the patient before, during, and after surgery
"Never events" - ANSWER Are serious and costly errors resulting in severe consequences for the patient and are mostly preventable; Medicare no longer reimburses
Surgery on the wrong body part, wrong patient, wrong surgery on a patient, DVT/PE after hip replacement, site infections - ANSWER Examples of "never events"
Preoperative phase - ANSWER Begins with the client's decision to have surgery and ends when he enters the operating room
Ablative surgery - ANSWER Involves removal of a diseased body part
Diagnostic (exploratory) surgery - ANSWER Is done to confirm or rule out a diagnosis
Palliative surgery - ANSWER Is performed to relieve discomfort or other disease symptoms without producing a cure
Reconstructive surgery - ANSWER Is performed to restore function, for example, rotator cuff repair
Cosmetic surgery - ANSWER is done to improve appearance (e.g., face-lift).
Transplant, surgery - ANSWER Replaces a malfunctioning, body, part, tissue, or organ. Joint replacements and organ replacement procedures are included in this category.
procurement surgery - ANSWER Is related to transplant surgery. An organ or tissue is harvested from someone pronounced brain dead for transplantation into another person.
Emergency surgery - ANSWER Requires transport to the operating sweet as soon as possible to preserve the patient's life or function. The surgical team is summoned in preparation or made rapidly. Internal hemorrhage, rupture of an organ, and trauma
or common causes of emergency surgery . Urgent surgery - ANSWER Is scheduled within 24 to 48 hours to alleviate symptoms, repair, a body, part, or restore function. Removal of a cancerous breast, an internal fixation of a fracture or examples .
Elective surgery - ANSWER Is performed when surgery is the recommended course of action, but the condition is not time sensitive. The client may delay surgery to gather information, consider options, or organize care for the family. Examples include repair of a torn ligament and removal of rectal polyps.
Major surgery - ANSWER Is associated with a high degree of risk, for example, the
potential for significant blood loss, a prolonged or complicated procedure, surgery involving vital organs, or a high risk for postoperative complications.M
Minor surgery - ANSWER Often performed on an outpatient basis, involves little risk, and usually has few complications. Examples include breast, biopsy, and inguinal hernia repair.
The very young and very old - ANSWER What ages are at greatest risk during surgical procedures?
Clean wounds - ANSWER Uninfected; minimal inflammation; little risk of infection
Surgery does not involve the gastrointestinal, respiratory, or genitourinary tract
Clean-contaminated wounds - ANSWER Not infected, but carry INCREASED risk for infection
Contaminated wounds - ANSWER Not infected, but carry HIGH risk for infection
Infected wounds - ANSWER evidence of infection, such as purulent drainage, necrotic tissue, or bacterial counts above 100,000 organisms per gram of tissue
Vitamin E - ANSWER Patients who self prescribe high doses of vitamin E maybe at increased risk for what during a surgical procedure?
may potentiate the action of anesthetic agents - ANSWER Why might antibiotics have an increased surgical risk?
Increase risk for bleeding - ANSWER Why might anticoagulants have an increased
surgical risk?
May impair cardiac function during anesthesia - ANSWER Why might antidysrhythmic's have an increased surgical risk?
Increase the risk for hypotension during surgery, may interact with anesthetic agents to cause bradycardia and impaired circulation - ANSWER Why might antihypertensives have an increased surgical risk?
Increases risk for bleeding - ANSWER Why might aspirin have an increased surgical risk?
