Summary OSI/TCP LAYERS

Foreign IP Layers and the OSI Model

TCP/IP Model vs OSI Model: Vendors' Shift
 The OSI model was developed before the TCP/IP model, but the latter gained
widespread adoption due to the success of the Internet.
 Vendors shifted towards using the TCP/IP model as it was more intuitive, simpler and
aligned well with the emerging Internet architecture.
 The OSI model is still relevant as a teaching tool and for understanding networking
concepts.

Encapsulation in Data Linking and Transport
 Encapsulation is the process of enclosing data within different layers of the OSI model.
 At the Data Link layer, data is encapsulated into frames, which contain source and destination
MAC addresses.
 At the Transport layer, data is encapsulated into segments (TCP) or datagrams (UDP), which
contain port numbers for source and destination applications.
 This layered encapsulation enables the transmission of data across a network, ensuring
reliable and efficient communication.
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Summary