Complete Test Bank The Human Body in Health and
Illness 7th Edition Herlihy Questions & Answers with
rationales (Chapter 1-27)
Aorta - ANSWER Largest artery in the body
Arteries - ANSWER Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Arterioles - ANSWER smallest arteries
capacitance vessels - ANSWER the term for veins because they have the ability to
stretch. they have a large diameter and are more distensible to hold more blood. this
reduces stress on the heart.
Capillaries - ANSWER Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place
between the blood and cells of the body
Circle of Willis - ANSWER A circle of arteries at the base of the brain that supply
blood to the brain
conductance vessels - ANSWER Blood vessels that are primarily concerned with
carrying blood to smaller blood vessels; functional name for arteries.
ductus arteriosus - ANSWER a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary
circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta
ductus venosus - ANSWER connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava,
bypassing the liver
exchange vessels - ANSWER Capillaries are also known as _____.
fetal circulation - ANSWER the system of blood vessels and structures through
which blood moves in a fetus
foramen ovale - ANSWER connects the two atria in the fetal heart
hepatic portal system - ANSWER the veins that carry blood from the digestive
organs to the liver
pulmonary circulation - ANSWER flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and
back to the heart
pulse - ANSWER Beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries.
, Resistance vessels (arterioles) - ANSWER small diameter with a few layers of
smooth muscle; contraction or relaxation of that muscle creates great changes in
diameter, and thus great changes in resistance to blood flow
systemic circulation - ANSWER circulation that supplies blood to all the body
except to the lungs
umbilical arteries - ANSWER carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the
placenta
umbilical vein - ANSWER delivers oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
Veins - ANSWER Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
venae cavae (vena cava) - ANSWER two large blood vessels that drain oxygen-
poor blood from the veins into the right side of the heart
Venules - ANSWER small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the
veins
tunica intima - ANSWER the innermost layer of a blood vessel
tunica media - ANSWER The middle and thickest layer of tissue of a blood vessel
wall, composed of elastic tissue and smooth muscle cells that allow the vessel to
expand or contract in response to changes in blood pressure and tissue demand.
tunica adventitia - ANSWER The outer layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall,
composed of elastic and fibrous connective tissue.
skeletal muscle pump - ANSWER pumping effect of contracting skeletal muscles
on blood flow through underlying vessels
superficial veins - ANSWER superficially located veins
cephalic vein - ANSWER Large vein on the outermost side of the upper arm
basilic vein - ANSWER large vein on the inner side of the upper arm
axillary vein - ANSWER vein in the armpit
jugular veins - ANSWER drain blood from the head and drain into the subclavian
veins.
azygos vein - ANSWER a single vein that drains the thorax and empties directly
into the SVC.
Subclavian steal syndrome - ANSWER A person develops an occlusion in the
subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the vertebral artery. When the affected arm
is exercised, the subclavian artery is unable to supply enough blood. Blood pressure
Illness 7th Edition Herlihy Questions & Answers with
rationales (Chapter 1-27)
Aorta - ANSWER Largest artery in the body
Arteries - ANSWER Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Arterioles - ANSWER smallest arteries
capacitance vessels - ANSWER the term for veins because they have the ability to
stretch. they have a large diameter and are more distensible to hold more blood. this
reduces stress on the heart.
Capillaries - ANSWER Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place
between the blood and cells of the body
Circle of Willis - ANSWER A circle of arteries at the base of the brain that supply
blood to the brain
conductance vessels - ANSWER Blood vessels that are primarily concerned with
carrying blood to smaller blood vessels; functional name for arteries.
ductus arteriosus - ANSWER a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary
circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta
ductus venosus - ANSWER connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava,
bypassing the liver
exchange vessels - ANSWER Capillaries are also known as _____.
fetal circulation - ANSWER the system of blood vessels and structures through
which blood moves in a fetus
foramen ovale - ANSWER connects the two atria in the fetal heart
hepatic portal system - ANSWER the veins that carry blood from the digestive
organs to the liver
pulmonary circulation - ANSWER flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and
back to the heart
pulse - ANSWER Beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries.
, Resistance vessels (arterioles) - ANSWER small diameter with a few layers of
smooth muscle; contraction or relaxation of that muscle creates great changes in
diameter, and thus great changes in resistance to blood flow
systemic circulation - ANSWER circulation that supplies blood to all the body
except to the lungs
umbilical arteries - ANSWER carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the
placenta
umbilical vein - ANSWER delivers oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
Veins - ANSWER Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
venae cavae (vena cava) - ANSWER two large blood vessels that drain oxygen-
poor blood from the veins into the right side of the heart
Venules - ANSWER small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the
veins
tunica intima - ANSWER the innermost layer of a blood vessel
tunica media - ANSWER The middle and thickest layer of tissue of a blood vessel
wall, composed of elastic tissue and smooth muscle cells that allow the vessel to
expand or contract in response to changes in blood pressure and tissue demand.
tunica adventitia - ANSWER The outer layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall,
composed of elastic and fibrous connective tissue.
skeletal muscle pump - ANSWER pumping effect of contracting skeletal muscles
on blood flow through underlying vessels
superficial veins - ANSWER superficially located veins
cephalic vein - ANSWER Large vein on the outermost side of the upper arm
basilic vein - ANSWER large vein on the inner side of the upper arm
axillary vein - ANSWER vein in the armpit
jugular veins - ANSWER drain blood from the head and drain into the subclavian
veins.
azygos vein - ANSWER a single vein that drains the thorax and empties directly
into the SVC.
Subclavian steal syndrome - ANSWER A person develops an occlusion in the
subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the vertebral artery. When the affected arm
is exercised, the subclavian artery is unable to supply enough blood. Blood pressure
