WGU C224 Objective Assessment Research Foundations
Exam Expected Study Guide Questions and Answers
(2024/2025) (Verified Answers)
What is the purpose of evidence in research? - ANSWER Support Theories
What is the primary objective of education research that studies a phenomenon of
which little is known? - ANSWER To understand
What is a variable in educational research? - ANSWER A measurable
characteristic
Which type of qualitative data analysis places a high priority on being true to,
respecting, and capturing the details of individual situations? - ANSWER Unique
Case Orientation
On which principle do mixed methods researchers base their design and research? -
ANSWER Pragmatism
When designing a mixed methods study, which two factors must a researcher
consider when combining qualitative and quantitative approaches? - ANSWER
Sample Relationship and Time Order
What belief did John Dewey hold that influenced action researchers? - ANSWER
What works in one school will automatically work in another.
Which two types of calculations are descriptive statistics designed to interpret? -
ANSWER Averages and Measures of Spread
How does a statement of purpose differ from a research question in a quantitative
study? - ANSWER The purpose statement describes the type of relationship
between variables while the research question asks if a specific relationship exists
between variables.
What is the name of the process where one determines the truth of a conclusion by
determining the truth of the underlying premises? - ANSWER Deductive
Reasoning
What type of statistics allows quantitative researchers to draw conclusions about
populations? - ANSWER Inferential
, To obtain results that are defensible and trustworthy, what should action researchers
do? - ANSWER Gather and keep track of evidence of successful and effective
interventions
What is the emphasis of action science (AS), a form of action research? - ANSWER
Organizations
Which research activity is occurring when a researcher assigns numerical scores to
achievement tests by adding up the total number of correct answers? - ANSWER
Measurement
An action researcher designs a study that has weak internal validity.
What might the researcher do to help strengthen the research? - ANSWER Use
mixed methods to align both the strengths and limitations of each approach
Case Study - ANSWER Holistic narrative that triangulates data and places study
into a meaningful context
Narrative Inquiry - ANSWER Account that includes patterns, connections, and
insights uncovered
Ethnography - ANSWER Extensive description of physical and social settings
aimed at holistic understanding
Phenomenology - ANSWER Rich narrative that lets readers experience
phenomenon through eyes of participants
Grounded Theory - ANSWER Methodological description followed by proposed
theory built during the study
What are two steps of hypothesis testing? - ANSWER State the null and alternative
hypotheses; obtain the probability value.
What are two primary purposes of a literature review? - ANSWER Determine
whether a problem has already been researched; Point out methodological problems
associated with a research question
Basic Research - ANSWER generates fundamental knowledge and theoretical
understanding about primary human functions and other natural processes, such as
language acquistition; experimental and lab controlled
Applied Research - ANSWER answers real-world, practical questions to provide
relatively immediate solutions
Evaluation Research - ANSWER determines how well social or educational
programs work in real-world settings, and any possible improvements (Formative
and summative)
Exam Expected Study Guide Questions and Answers
(2024/2025) (Verified Answers)
What is the purpose of evidence in research? - ANSWER Support Theories
What is the primary objective of education research that studies a phenomenon of
which little is known? - ANSWER To understand
What is a variable in educational research? - ANSWER A measurable
characteristic
Which type of qualitative data analysis places a high priority on being true to,
respecting, and capturing the details of individual situations? - ANSWER Unique
Case Orientation
On which principle do mixed methods researchers base their design and research? -
ANSWER Pragmatism
When designing a mixed methods study, which two factors must a researcher
consider when combining qualitative and quantitative approaches? - ANSWER
Sample Relationship and Time Order
What belief did John Dewey hold that influenced action researchers? - ANSWER
What works in one school will automatically work in another.
Which two types of calculations are descriptive statistics designed to interpret? -
ANSWER Averages and Measures of Spread
How does a statement of purpose differ from a research question in a quantitative
study? - ANSWER The purpose statement describes the type of relationship
between variables while the research question asks if a specific relationship exists
between variables.
What is the name of the process where one determines the truth of a conclusion by
determining the truth of the underlying premises? - ANSWER Deductive
Reasoning
What type of statistics allows quantitative researchers to draw conclusions about
populations? - ANSWER Inferential
, To obtain results that are defensible and trustworthy, what should action researchers
do? - ANSWER Gather and keep track of evidence of successful and effective
interventions
What is the emphasis of action science (AS), a form of action research? - ANSWER
Organizations
Which research activity is occurring when a researcher assigns numerical scores to
achievement tests by adding up the total number of correct answers? - ANSWER
Measurement
An action researcher designs a study that has weak internal validity.
What might the researcher do to help strengthen the research? - ANSWER Use
mixed methods to align both the strengths and limitations of each approach
Case Study - ANSWER Holistic narrative that triangulates data and places study
into a meaningful context
Narrative Inquiry - ANSWER Account that includes patterns, connections, and
insights uncovered
Ethnography - ANSWER Extensive description of physical and social settings
aimed at holistic understanding
Phenomenology - ANSWER Rich narrative that lets readers experience
phenomenon through eyes of participants
Grounded Theory - ANSWER Methodological description followed by proposed
theory built during the study
What are two steps of hypothesis testing? - ANSWER State the null and alternative
hypotheses; obtain the probability value.
What are two primary purposes of a literature review? - ANSWER Determine
whether a problem has already been researched; Point out methodological problems
associated with a research question
Basic Research - ANSWER generates fundamental knowledge and theoretical
understanding about primary human functions and other natural processes, such as
language acquistition; experimental and lab controlled
Applied Research - ANSWER answers real-world, practical questions to provide
relatively immediate solutions
Evaluation Research - ANSWER determines how well social or educational
programs work in real-world settings, and any possible improvements (Formative
and summative)
