Advanced MedSurg Proctor Exam 2024 (NEW)
Questions and accurate answers and Rationales.
What is the action of metformin? - ANSWER Decreases hepatic glucose
production and intestinal glucose absorption, and increases sensitivity to insulin
When administering the drug senna to a patient, a healthcare provider must inform
the patient of what? - ANSWER This drug is not intended for long term use
When giving digoxin to a patient what to give to reverse digoxin toxicity? -
ANSWER Digibind
White providing an Angiotensin-Converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, the patient asks
what the action of the drug is - ANSWER To lower blood pressure by blocking the
conversion of angiotensin I to vasoconstrictor angiotensin II
Which type of insulin is long acting? - ANSWER Glargine (Lantus)
What is the therapeutic use of metformin? - ANSWER The maintenance of blood
glucose
What is the correct definition for absorption of a drug? - ANSWER Movement of a
drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body
What do you assess for in a patient who is on Valproate? - ANSWER Suicidal
thoughts, seizures, bipolar disorder, and migraines
What is true about food and drug precautions? - ANSWER You must limit certain
types of food or concurrent administration of certain types of drugs, certain combos
can cause adverse reactions, limiting certain foods rather than restricting the drug
itself
ACE inhibitors are not used to treat... - ANSWER Hypotension
Which of the following is used to treat migraine headaches? - ANSWER Anti-
epileptic drugs, and beta blockers
When administering a serotonin antagonist it is important to monitor what? -
ANSWER Mental status changes
What is the antidote for heparin? - ANSWER Protamine sulfate
Antidote for opioid toxicity? - ANSWER Naloxone
, A patient is being educated on taking levothyroxine, what would be included in their
education? - ANSWER Take this at the same time every day
A patient states he is experiencing anxiety and panic attacks once a week, what
would be helpful? - ANSWER Alprazolam (Xanax)
Which is not an opioid or NSAID? - ANSWER Acetaminophen
Why is it important to monitor ins and outs with patients using ACE inhibitors? -
ANSWER To assess for heart failure
Which drug goes through extensive first pass hepatic metabolism? - ANSWER
Propanolol
What nursing interventions for a patient on albuterol? - ANSWER Assess lung
sounds, pulse, blood pressure before administering, observe for paradoxical
bronchospasms, and note sputum color and texture
What patient could take the drug senna? - ANSWER One who hasn't passed stool
in five days
What is the category of Lithium? - ANSWER Mood stabilizers
What do you need to teach a patient if taking sennosides? - ANSWER Laxatives
are short term, color of urine can change to pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown, make
sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used
What is the therapeutic use of phenytoin? - ANSWER Diminished seizure activity,
termination of ventricular arrhythmias
At what amount does acetaminophen stop controlling pain? - ANSWER Over
1,000mg
When should montelukast be taken? - ANSWER Use two hours before exercise or
daily in the evening
How should the oral form of albuterol be taken? - ANSWER Administer with meals
to minimize gastric irritation
What should a client taking omeprazole report to the health care provider? -
ANSWER Black, tarry stools, diarrhea, abdominal pain
When administering an antiulcer agent, extra caution should be taken when
administering it to... - ANSWER Patients with renal failure, and elderly patients
What is the common side effect that is normal with the initial therapy of nitroglycerine
to due to increased vasodilation? - ANSWER Headache
Two tests should be monitored for a patient currently on Warfarin. What are the two
tests? - ANSWER INR and PT
Questions and accurate answers and Rationales.
What is the action of metformin? - ANSWER Decreases hepatic glucose
production and intestinal glucose absorption, and increases sensitivity to insulin
When administering the drug senna to a patient, a healthcare provider must inform
the patient of what? - ANSWER This drug is not intended for long term use
When giving digoxin to a patient what to give to reverse digoxin toxicity? -
ANSWER Digibind
White providing an Angiotensin-Converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, the patient asks
what the action of the drug is - ANSWER To lower blood pressure by blocking the
conversion of angiotensin I to vasoconstrictor angiotensin II
Which type of insulin is long acting? - ANSWER Glargine (Lantus)
What is the therapeutic use of metformin? - ANSWER The maintenance of blood
glucose
What is the correct definition for absorption of a drug? - ANSWER Movement of a
drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body
What do you assess for in a patient who is on Valproate? - ANSWER Suicidal
thoughts, seizures, bipolar disorder, and migraines
What is true about food and drug precautions? - ANSWER You must limit certain
types of food or concurrent administration of certain types of drugs, certain combos
can cause adverse reactions, limiting certain foods rather than restricting the drug
itself
ACE inhibitors are not used to treat... - ANSWER Hypotension
Which of the following is used to treat migraine headaches? - ANSWER Anti-
epileptic drugs, and beta blockers
When administering a serotonin antagonist it is important to monitor what? -
ANSWER Mental status changes
What is the antidote for heparin? - ANSWER Protamine sulfate
Antidote for opioid toxicity? - ANSWER Naloxone
, A patient is being educated on taking levothyroxine, what would be included in their
education? - ANSWER Take this at the same time every day
A patient states he is experiencing anxiety and panic attacks once a week, what
would be helpful? - ANSWER Alprazolam (Xanax)
Which is not an opioid or NSAID? - ANSWER Acetaminophen
Why is it important to monitor ins and outs with patients using ACE inhibitors? -
ANSWER To assess for heart failure
Which drug goes through extensive first pass hepatic metabolism? - ANSWER
Propanolol
What nursing interventions for a patient on albuterol? - ANSWER Assess lung
sounds, pulse, blood pressure before administering, observe for paradoxical
bronchospasms, and note sputum color and texture
What patient could take the drug senna? - ANSWER One who hasn't passed stool
in five days
What is the category of Lithium? - ANSWER Mood stabilizers
What do you need to teach a patient if taking sennosides? - ANSWER Laxatives
are short term, color of urine can change to pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown, make
sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used
What is the therapeutic use of phenytoin? - ANSWER Diminished seizure activity,
termination of ventricular arrhythmias
At what amount does acetaminophen stop controlling pain? - ANSWER Over
1,000mg
When should montelukast be taken? - ANSWER Use two hours before exercise or
daily in the evening
How should the oral form of albuterol be taken? - ANSWER Administer with meals
to minimize gastric irritation
What should a client taking omeprazole report to the health care provider? -
ANSWER Black, tarry stools, diarrhea, abdominal pain
When administering an antiulcer agent, extra caution should be taken when
administering it to... - ANSWER Patients with renal failure, and elderly patients
What is the common side effect that is normal with the initial therapy of nitroglycerine
to due to increased vasodilation? - ANSWER Headache
Two tests should be monitored for a patient currently on Warfarin. What are the two
tests? - ANSWER INR and PT
