University of Windsor
Scholarship at UWindsor
OSSA Conference Archive OSSA 2
May 15th, 9:00 AM - May 17th, 5:00 PM
Infinite Regress of Recurring Questions and Answers
Claude Gratton
University of Sudbury
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/ossaarchive
Part of the Philosophy Commons
Gratton, Claude, "Infinite Regress of Recurring Questions and Answers" (1997). OSSA Conference Archive.
48.
https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/ossaarchive/OSSA2/papersandcommentaries/48
This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences and Conference Proceedings at
Scholarship at UWindsor. It has been accepted for inclusion in OSSA Conference Archive by an authorized
conference organizer of Scholarship at UWindsor. For more information, please contact .
, INFINITE REGRESSES AND RECURRING QUESTIONS
Claude Gratton
Department of Philosophy
University of Sudbury
©1998, Claude Gratton
Abstract:
I examine a number of infinite regress arguments whose infinite regresses are presented or
described in terms of recurring questions and answers in order to determine whether such recurring
questions have any role in generating these infinite regresses, or in disqualifying the recurring
answers. I argue that despite the existence of such infinite regress arguments and the suggestions of
some philosophers, these recurring questions have no such roles. Some ways of handling these
infinite regress arguments are then proposed.
***
The infinite regress in some infinite regress arguments is presented or described in terms of recurring questions
and answers. There are a few reasons why I want to examine the role of such recurring questions. First, they are
sometimes used to capture the gist of an infinite regress argument. A case in point is Bradley's famous infinite
regress argument against the reality of relations. Stout summarizes the argument's complex regress-generating
component in the following way: (1) "In its simple form the whole point of the argument is contained in the
reiterated question—What connects the relation and its terms?".1 Secondly, infinite regress arguments are
typically presented in a very terse way, and so the mere fact of using or referring to recurring questions in such a
compact context gives the impression that such questions have an important function. Thirdly, the comments of a
few philosophers suggest that these questions do have a role to play in either the derivation of an infinite regress,
or in the disqualification of the recurring answers. I will examine their comments and some examples in order to
determine the roles of such questions. This discussion will then lead to a few suggestions regarding our handling
of such infinite regress arguments.
Some philosophers believe that some infinite regresses are the result of recurring questions. Consider J.W.
Dunne's comments.
(2) Now, a series [i.e. a regress] may be brought to light as the result of a question. Someone might
enquire, 'What was the origin of this man?', or a child learning arithmetic might set to work to
discover what is the largest possible whole number. The answer to the first question has not yet
been ascertained: the answer to the second can never be given. It will be seen, however, that the
reply in each case must develop as a series of answers to a series of questions. In the first instance,
we reply that the man is descended from his father; but that only raises the further and similar
question, 'What was the origin of his father?'. In the second case the child will discover that 2 is a
greater number than 1; but he is compelled to consider then whether there is not a number greater
than 2—and so on to infinity. A question which can be answered only at the cost of asking
another and similar question in this annoying fashion was called by the early philosophers,
'regressive', and the majority of them regarded such a 'regress to infinity' with absolute
abhorrence.2
Scholarship at UWindsor
OSSA Conference Archive OSSA 2
May 15th, 9:00 AM - May 17th, 5:00 PM
Infinite Regress of Recurring Questions and Answers
Claude Gratton
University of Sudbury
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/ossaarchive
Part of the Philosophy Commons
Gratton, Claude, "Infinite Regress of Recurring Questions and Answers" (1997). OSSA Conference Archive.
48.
https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/ossaarchive/OSSA2/papersandcommentaries/48
This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences and Conference Proceedings at
Scholarship at UWindsor. It has been accepted for inclusion in OSSA Conference Archive by an authorized
conference organizer of Scholarship at UWindsor. For more information, please contact .
, INFINITE REGRESSES AND RECURRING QUESTIONS
Claude Gratton
Department of Philosophy
University of Sudbury
©1998, Claude Gratton
Abstract:
I examine a number of infinite regress arguments whose infinite regresses are presented or
described in terms of recurring questions and answers in order to determine whether such recurring
questions have any role in generating these infinite regresses, or in disqualifying the recurring
answers. I argue that despite the existence of such infinite regress arguments and the suggestions of
some philosophers, these recurring questions have no such roles. Some ways of handling these
infinite regress arguments are then proposed.
***
The infinite regress in some infinite regress arguments is presented or described in terms of recurring questions
and answers. There are a few reasons why I want to examine the role of such recurring questions. First, they are
sometimes used to capture the gist of an infinite regress argument. A case in point is Bradley's famous infinite
regress argument against the reality of relations. Stout summarizes the argument's complex regress-generating
component in the following way: (1) "In its simple form the whole point of the argument is contained in the
reiterated question—What connects the relation and its terms?".1 Secondly, infinite regress arguments are
typically presented in a very terse way, and so the mere fact of using or referring to recurring questions in such a
compact context gives the impression that such questions have an important function. Thirdly, the comments of a
few philosophers suggest that these questions do have a role to play in either the derivation of an infinite regress,
or in the disqualification of the recurring answers. I will examine their comments and some examples in order to
determine the roles of such questions. This discussion will then lead to a few suggestions regarding our handling
of such infinite regress arguments.
Some philosophers believe that some infinite regresses are the result of recurring questions. Consider J.W.
Dunne's comments.
(2) Now, a series [i.e. a regress] may be brought to light as the result of a question. Someone might
enquire, 'What was the origin of this man?', or a child learning arithmetic might set to work to
discover what is the largest possible whole number. The answer to the first question has not yet
been ascertained: the answer to the second can never be given. It will be seen, however, that the
reply in each case must develop as a series of answers to a series of questions. In the first instance,
we reply that the man is descended from his father; but that only raises the further and similar
question, 'What was the origin of his father?'. In the second case the child will discover that 2 is a
greater number than 1; but he is compelled to consider then whether there is not a number greater
than 2—and so on to infinity. A question which can be answered only at the cost of asking
another and similar question in this annoying fashion was called by the early philosophers,
'regressive', and the majority of them regarded such a 'regress to infinity' with absolute
abhorrence.2
