PSY 285 Midterm Exam
Identify a reason for using staged manipulation
to simulate some situation that occurs in the real world
Professor Smith asks her students if they prefer an individual or a group research
project. The responses she collects will be an example of a(n) ____________ measure.
self-report
Which of the following is a key characteristic of straightforward manipulations?
researchers are usually able to manipulate independent variables with relative simplicity
to presenting written, verbal, or visual material to the participant.
In the early stages of research, a __________ is particularly important to demonstrate
that a relationship exists between variables.
strong manipulation
Adam measures the amount of time two people spend gazing into each other's eyes as
an indication of interpersonal attraction. In this scenario, Adam is most likely using a
(n)________
behavioral measure
Why might a researcher be interested in using multiple measures?
to measure a variable in a variety of ways
Phillipe, a researcher, examined the effect of lighting on learning. Randomly selected
participants were asked to learn the same chapter using either a 100-watt or a 125-watt
bulb. He found no difference between the learning capacities of the two groups. The
nonsignificant results may have occurred because of
insufficient strength of the manipulation
Rachel wants to compare the math skills of boys and girls in the sixth grade. She
administers a series of math problems to both the group and asks them to solve as
many problems as they can within a 15-minute time period. She finds that both the
groups were able to answer only 10% of the problems. The results are most likely due
to a ___________ effect.
Floor
Investigators sometimes use deception in their research to address the problem of
_____________
demand characteristics
When examining the effect of appearances on judgements of criminal behavior, a
researcher asks questions about the surrounding and the victim to disguise the
, dependent measures in the study. These unrelated questions are referred to as
___________
filler items
To analyze the effects of a new drug for anxiety developed by Solvit Wellness Inc.,
researchers conduct a study on two groups. Both the groups are informed about the
usefulness of the drugs in treating anxiety. However, only group A receives an injection
of the actual drug, while group B receives an injection containing a substance having no
effect. In this Scenario, group B is known as a (n)____________
placebo group
To conduct a research on the influence of personality on intelligence, Richard groups
extroverts as group A and introverts as group B. Being an introvert himself, Richard
assumes that group B is more likely to be intellectually superior. He eventually
concludes that extroverts tend to score less than do introverts in IQ tests. This scenario
most likely exemplifies a (n)_______
experimenter expectancy effect
Which of the following statements is true about a double-blind experiment?
the experimenter is unaware of whether a placebo or the actual drug is being
administered
A _________ is an attempt to directly measure whether an independent variable
manipulation has the intended effect on participants.
manipulation check
The concept of being able to disprove good scientific ideas by data is called
Falsifiability
John, a researcher, uses terms and demonstrations that seem scientific to substantiate
his claim that heart disease is not genetic by nature. However, this claim has no valid
scientific basis. This is an example of
Pseudoscience
Of the four goals of behavioral science, determining the cause of behavior involves
concluding causation based on temporal precedence, covariation of cause and effect,
and alternative explanations.
Sam, a researcher, observed that Jill, his colleague, fell sick the day after she ate from
a particular food truck. Hence, Sam concludes that the food truck caused Jill to fall sick.
In the context of the types of evidence described by Cook and Campbell (1979), in this
scenario, Sam fails to
eliminate alternative explanations
To conclude that watching television violence gives rise to aggressive behavior in
children, researchers need to show that children who watch television violence behave
Identify a reason for using staged manipulation
to simulate some situation that occurs in the real world
Professor Smith asks her students if they prefer an individual or a group research
project. The responses she collects will be an example of a(n) ____________ measure.
self-report
Which of the following is a key characteristic of straightforward manipulations?
researchers are usually able to manipulate independent variables with relative simplicity
to presenting written, verbal, or visual material to the participant.
In the early stages of research, a __________ is particularly important to demonstrate
that a relationship exists between variables.
strong manipulation
Adam measures the amount of time two people spend gazing into each other's eyes as
an indication of interpersonal attraction. In this scenario, Adam is most likely using a
(n)________
behavioral measure
Why might a researcher be interested in using multiple measures?
to measure a variable in a variety of ways
Phillipe, a researcher, examined the effect of lighting on learning. Randomly selected
participants were asked to learn the same chapter using either a 100-watt or a 125-watt
bulb. He found no difference between the learning capacities of the two groups. The
nonsignificant results may have occurred because of
insufficient strength of the manipulation
Rachel wants to compare the math skills of boys and girls in the sixth grade. She
administers a series of math problems to both the group and asks them to solve as
many problems as they can within a 15-minute time period. She finds that both the
groups were able to answer only 10% of the problems. The results are most likely due
to a ___________ effect.
Floor
Investigators sometimes use deception in their research to address the problem of
_____________
demand characteristics
When examining the effect of appearances on judgements of criminal behavior, a
researcher asks questions about the surrounding and the victim to disguise the
, dependent measures in the study. These unrelated questions are referred to as
___________
filler items
To analyze the effects of a new drug for anxiety developed by Solvit Wellness Inc.,
researchers conduct a study on two groups. Both the groups are informed about the
usefulness of the drugs in treating anxiety. However, only group A receives an injection
of the actual drug, while group B receives an injection containing a substance having no
effect. In this Scenario, group B is known as a (n)____________
placebo group
To conduct a research on the influence of personality on intelligence, Richard groups
extroverts as group A and introverts as group B. Being an introvert himself, Richard
assumes that group B is more likely to be intellectually superior. He eventually
concludes that extroverts tend to score less than do introverts in IQ tests. This scenario
most likely exemplifies a (n)_______
experimenter expectancy effect
Which of the following statements is true about a double-blind experiment?
the experimenter is unaware of whether a placebo or the actual drug is being
administered
A _________ is an attempt to directly measure whether an independent variable
manipulation has the intended effect on participants.
manipulation check
The concept of being able to disprove good scientific ideas by data is called
Falsifiability
John, a researcher, uses terms and demonstrations that seem scientific to substantiate
his claim that heart disease is not genetic by nature. However, this claim has no valid
scientific basis. This is an example of
Pseudoscience
Of the four goals of behavioral science, determining the cause of behavior involves
concluding causation based on temporal precedence, covariation of cause and effect,
and alternative explanations.
Sam, a researcher, observed that Jill, his colleague, fell sick the day after she ate from
a particular food truck. Hence, Sam concludes that the food truck caused Jill to fall sick.
In the context of the types of evidence described by Cook and Campbell (1979), in this
scenario, Sam fails to
eliminate alternative explanations
To conclude that watching television violence gives rise to aggressive behavior in
children, researchers need to show that children who watch television violence behave
