Complete Test Bank Emergency Care 12th Edition
Limmer Questions & Answers with rationales
1. Upon insertion of an oropharyngeal airway (OPA), the tip of the device should be
positioned in what anatomical space?
a. Oropharynx
b. Nasopharynx
c. Hyperpharynx
d. Laryngopharynx - ANSWER D
2. The administration of a beta2-specific drug to a patient with respiratory distress is
done to effect a change to what portion of the respiratory tree?
a. Alveoli
b. Vocal cords
c. Bronchioles
d. Mainstem bronchi - ANSWER C
3. Which of the following statements from the patient would
BEST indicate severe difficulty in breathing?
a. "I ... can't ...b-breathe."
b. "I feel like I'm breathing through a straw."
C. "I am struggling to catch my breath ... real bad."
d. "I can't breathe regular 'cause my chest is hurting." - ANSWER A
4. Which of the following patients is most likely about to lose total airway patency,
thereby requiring immediate intervention by the EMT?
a. A ninety-eight-year-old female with brain cancer who
is confused
b. A fifty-two-year-old male who is intoxicated and has
recurrent vomiting
C. A twenty-nine-year-old female in active labor who is
complaining of severe pain
d. A sixty-eight-year-old male seizing with sonorous
sounds heard with each breath - ANSWER D
5. Upon assessment of the patient's airway, you note significant gurgling with each
breath. What would be the next appropriate airway intervention the EMT should
perform to eliminate this finding?
a. Head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver
b. Modified jaw-thrust maneuver
c. Oropharyngeal suctioning
d. Insertion of a nasopharyngeal airway - ANSWER C
6. You are managing a female patient who has been in an auto accident and is now
unresponsive. As you manage her airway, which of the following interventions would
you likely NOT employ?
a. Insertion of an OPA
,b. Upper airway suctioning
C. A modified jaw-thrust maneuver
d. Application of a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver - ANSWER D
7. When sizing an OPA for insertion in a forty-eight-year-old male, which sizing
technique is most appropriate?
a. You should measure the OPA from the tip of the nose to the angle of the jaw.
b. You should measure the OPA from the center of the
teeth to the angle of the jaw.
c. The OPA should fit between the corner of the mouth
and the angle of the jaw.
d. The OPA should be large enough that the lips do not
seal shut when it is properly inserted. - ANSWER B
8. During your initial airway management, your patient
needs suctioning for prolonged vomiting. How long should you provide this oral
suctioning?
a. For 5 to 10 seconds
b. No greater than 10 seconds
c. Less than 25 seconds initially
d. For as long as needed to remove vomitus - ANSWER D
9. The mechanical process of respiration (i.e., ventilation) occurs in two phases.
Which phase sees a negative pressure inside the thorax to make the ventilation
process work?
a. Inhalation
b. Exhalation
c. Pause before inhalation
d. Pause before exhalation - ANSWER A
10. A patient with severe asthma is having trouble brea
and adequately ventilating. What portion of normal tid volume is this patient most
likely experiencing the greatest disturbance in?
.a. Base respiratory rate
b. Dead space ventilation
c. Alveolar space ventilation
d. Overall ventilation per minute - ANSWER C
11. A patient with a change in his ventilation status
to a severe chest wall injury will likely display what specific early finding indicative of
poor alveolar ventilation?
a. Altered mental status
b. Absent breath sounds in the bases of the lungs
c. Poor pulse oximetry and a change in the heart rate
d. Dropping systolic blood pressure and narrowing pulse pressure - ANSWER B
12. A patient is found with a respiratory rate of 8 per minute absent basal breath
sounds, a pulse ox reading of 83 percent, and cyanotic lips and fingernails. This
patient is in immediate need of what intervention?
, a. Ventilation
b. Oxygenation
c. Airway suctioning
d. Semi-Fowler's positioning - ANSWER A
13. Which of the following findings would still be present in a patient suffering from
mild respiratory distress?
a. Cyanotic nail beds
b. Full speech patterns
C. Altered mental status
d. Pulse oximeter reading of 85 percent - ANSWER B
14. You are managing a patient who was in a fight and was struck in the head with a
large pipe. You find the patient to be unresponsive, apneic, bradycardic, bleeding
from the head, and bleeding into the airway from oral trauma. Assuming you had all
your EMT equipment available to you, what should be the initial action?
a. Suction the airway
b. Immobilize the patient
c. Provide positive pressure ventilation
d. Administer high-flow oxygen at 15 lpm - ANSWER A
15. Which of the following clinical indications would first
appear to indicate that the patient is being adequately ventilated with a BVM?
a. The chest wall moves with each breath.
b. The ventilations are at a rate of 12/minute.
c. The patient has breath sounds in all lung fields.
d. The vital signs and pulse oximeter readings start to normalize. - ANSWER C
16. If the EMT wishes to deliver the highest concentration oxygen possible to the
patient with spontaneous Dicas ing, what oxygenation adjunct should she use?
a. Venturi mask
b. Simple face mask
c. Nonrebreather mask
d. Partial nonrebreather mask - ANSWER C
17. You are preparing to treat a patient with CPAP 10 .
ratory distress. Upon assessment, however, you or the following findings. Which of
these would serve contraindication for the use of CPAP?
a. Respiratory rate of 22/minute
b. Pulse oximeter reading of 86 percent
C. Heart rate of 112/minute and irregular
d. Systolic blood pressure of 88 mm Hg - ANSWER D
18. Which of the following patients has a ventilatory status that would MOST benefit
from a prescribed inhaler?
a A patient with right lower lobe pneumonia
b. A patient with dyspnea following a heart attack
C. Someone with wheezing from an asthma attack
d. An apneic patient following a traumatic brain injury - ANSWER C
Limmer Questions & Answers with rationales
1. Upon insertion of an oropharyngeal airway (OPA), the tip of the device should be
positioned in what anatomical space?
a. Oropharynx
b. Nasopharynx
c. Hyperpharynx
d. Laryngopharynx - ANSWER D
2. The administration of a beta2-specific drug to a patient with respiratory distress is
done to effect a change to what portion of the respiratory tree?
a. Alveoli
b. Vocal cords
c. Bronchioles
d. Mainstem bronchi - ANSWER C
3. Which of the following statements from the patient would
BEST indicate severe difficulty in breathing?
a. "I ... can't ...b-breathe."
b. "I feel like I'm breathing through a straw."
C. "I am struggling to catch my breath ... real bad."
d. "I can't breathe regular 'cause my chest is hurting." - ANSWER A
4. Which of the following patients is most likely about to lose total airway patency,
thereby requiring immediate intervention by the EMT?
a. A ninety-eight-year-old female with brain cancer who
is confused
b. A fifty-two-year-old male who is intoxicated and has
recurrent vomiting
C. A twenty-nine-year-old female in active labor who is
complaining of severe pain
d. A sixty-eight-year-old male seizing with sonorous
sounds heard with each breath - ANSWER D
5. Upon assessment of the patient's airway, you note significant gurgling with each
breath. What would be the next appropriate airway intervention the EMT should
perform to eliminate this finding?
a. Head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver
b. Modified jaw-thrust maneuver
c. Oropharyngeal suctioning
d. Insertion of a nasopharyngeal airway - ANSWER C
6. You are managing a female patient who has been in an auto accident and is now
unresponsive. As you manage her airway, which of the following interventions would
you likely NOT employ?
a. Insertion of an OPA
,b. Upper airway suctioning
C. A modified jaw-thrust maneuver
d. Application of a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver - ANSWER D
7. When sizing an OPA for insertion in a forty-eight-year-old male, which sizing
technique is most appropriate?
a. You should measure the OPA from the tip of the nose to the angle of the jaw.
b. You should measure the OPA from the center of the
teeth to the angle of the jaw.
c. The OPA should fit between the corner of the mouth
and the angle of the jaw.
d. The OPA should be large enough that the lips do not
seal shut when it is properly inserted. - ANSWER B
8. During your initial airway management, your patient
needs suctioning for prolonged vomiting. How long should you provide this oral
suctioning?
a. For 5 to 10 seconds
b. No greater than 10 seconds
c. Less than 25 seconds initially
d. For as long as needed to remove vomitus - ANSWER D
9. The mechanical process of respiration (i.e., ventilation) occurs in two phases.
Which phase sees a negative pressure inside the thorax to make the ventilation
process work?
a. Inhalation
b. Exhalation
c. Pause before inhalation
d. Pause before exhalation - ANSWER A
10. A patient with severe asthma is having trouble brea
and adequately ventilating. What portion of normal tid volume is this patient most
likely experiencing the greatest disturbance in?
.a. Base respiratory rate
b. Dead space ventilation
c. Alveolar space ventilation
d. Overall ventilation per minute - ANSWER C
11. A patient with a change in his ventilation status
to a severe chest wall injury will likely display what specific early finding indicative of
poor alveolar ventilation?
a. Altered mental status
b. Absent breath sounds in the bases of the lungs
c. Poor pulse oximetry and a change in the heart rate
d. Dropping systolic blood pressure and narrowing pulse pressure - ANSWER B
12. A patient is found with a respiratory rate of 8 per minute absent basal breath
sounds, a pulse ox reading of 83 percent, and cyanotic lips and fingernails. This
patient is in immediate need of what intervention?
, a. Ventilation
b. Oxygenation
c. Airway suctioning
d. Semi-Fowler's positioning - ANSWER A
13. Which of the following findings would still be present in a patient suffering from
mild respiratory distress?
a. Cyanotic nail beds
b. Full speech patterns
C. Altered mental status
d. Pulse oximeter reading of 85 percent - ANSWER B
14. You are managing a patient who was in a fight and was struck in the head with a
large pipe. You find the patient to be unresponsive, apneic, bradycardic, bleeding
from the head, and bleeding into the airway from oral trauma. Assuming you had all
your EMT equipment available to you, what should be the initial action?
a. Suction the airway
b. Immobilize the patient
c. Provide positive pressure ventilation
d. Administer high-flow oxygen at 15 lpm - ANSWER A
15. Which of the following clinical indications would first
appear to indicate that the patient is being adequately ventilated with a BVM?
a. The chest wall moves with each breath.
b. The ventilations are at a rate of 12/minute.
c. The patient has breath sounds in all lung fields.
d. The vital signs and pulse oximeter readings start to normalize. - ANSWER C
16. If the EMT wishes to deliver the highest concentration oxygen possible to the
patient with spontaneous Dicas ing, what oxygenation adjunct should she use?
a. Venturi mask
b. Simple face mask
c. Nonrebreather mask
d. Partial nonrebreather mask - ANSWER C
17. You are preparing to treat a patient with CPAP 10 .
ratory distress. Upon assessment, however, you or the following findings. Which of
these would serve contraindication for the use of CPAP?
a. Respiratory rate of 22/minute
b. Pulse oximeter reading of 86 percent
C. Heart rate of 112/minute and irregular
d. Systolic blood pressure of 88 mm Hg - ANSWER D
18. Which of the following patients has a ventilatory status that would MOST benefit
from a prescribed inhaler?
a A patient with right lower lobe pneumonia
b. A patient with dyspnea following a heart attack
C. Someone with wheezing from an asthma attack
d. An apneic patient following a traumatic brain injury - ANSWER C
