TEST BANK for Pharmacotherapy Principles and
Practice 6th Edition Chisholm-Burns Test Bank.
Acute Pain - ANSWER Mild to sharp pain that comes on suddenly and lasts
anywhere from a few seconds to up to a couple of months.
Chronic Pain - ANSWER Persistent pain that lasts weeks to years. pain may be
caused by inflammation or dysfunctional nerves.
Nociceptive Pain - ANSWER Transient pain in response to a noxious stimulus at
nociceptor that are located in cutaneous tissues. Bone, muscle, connective tissue,
vessels and viscera.
Neuropathic Pain - ANSWER Spontaneous pain and hypersensitivity to pain
associated with damage to/or pathologic changes in the peripheral or CNS.
Malignant Pain - ANSWER Cancer pain
Can be nociceptive or neuropathic
Progresses rapidly
What are some non-pharmacological approaches to pain? - ANSWER Used for
both acute and chronic pain is psychological interventions and physical therapy.
Psychological approach- picturing oneself in a safe peaceful place. distractions
listening to music or focusing on breathing. - ANSWER This can reduce pain as
well as anxiety, depression and fear related to pain?
Chronic pain might benefit from? - ANSWER relaxation techniques, biofeedback,
cognitive behavior therapy, psychotherapy, support groups, and spiritual counseling.
Physical therapy - ANSWER Essential part of many types of pain situations. It
includes modalities like heat, cold, water, ultrasound, TENS, massage, and
therapeutic exercise?
Heat and Cold - ANSWER Utilized in variety if musculoskeletal conditions. like
spasms, lower back pain, fibromyalgia, sprains and strains is?
Mild to moderate pain - ANSWER Generally treated with nonopioid analgesics?
Moderate Pain - ANSWER Treated with a combination of medium potency opioids
and APAP or NSAIDS?
Severe Pain - ANSWER Treated with potent opioids?
, Adjuvant medications - ANSWER These are added through the progression to
manage side effects and augment analgesia?
Clinical situation (type of pain), Cost, pharmacokinetics profile of available drugs,
Patient specific factors (Age, concomitant illnesses, previous response, and other
medications) must be considered. Management in absence of pain needs to be
anticipated like in pre surgery. - ANSWER For initial pain therapy these guidelines
can be useful?
Mild pain - ANSWER 1-3 on pain scale. Who recommends nonopioid analgesic reg
sch dose like Tylenol 1000 mg q 6 hrs or Motrin 600 q 6 hrs, consider adjunt if pain is
not reduced in 1-2 days is?
Moderate pain - ANSWER 4-6 on pain scale Who recommends ass opioid to the
nonopioid for this pain, example is tyl 325 mg + codeine?
Severe Pain - ANSWER 7-10 on the pain scale, Who recommends switch to high
potency opioid reg scheduled dose?
Nonselective (they inhibit COX-1 and COX-2) or selective (Inhibit only COX 2) based
on degree of COX inhabitation. COX 2 is for inflammatory effect. COX 1 inhabitation
contributes to increased GI and renal toxicity associated with nonselective agents. -
ANSWER What is the mechanism of NSAIDs use?
Concurrent use might reduce the cardioprotective effect of ASA due to competitive
inhibition of COX1. On box, warning is the potential for increased risk of
cardiovascular events and GI bleeding. - ANSWER What is the precautions to use
NSAIDs?
Ketorolac - ANSWER When using this ____ duration of use with this is limited to 5
days due to the risk of serious GI side effects?
NSAID use - ANSWER GI irritation, Hepatic dysfunctions, renal insufficiency,
platelet inhibition, sodium retention, and CNS dysfunction are all side effects of?
NSAIDs - ANSWER When this is used in patients with cardiovascular risk, the
benefit of therapy must outweigh the risks and the lowest effective dose of the this is
recommended?
NSAIDs - ANSWER These are indicated for Rheumatoid arthritis, menstrual
cramps, and postsurgical pain, Bony metastasis, and are minimal use in neuropathic
pain?
All are equally effective, but there is great interpatient variability in responses. All
have similar analgesic effects. - ANSWER Is one NSAID better/ safer than another
in a given patient?
NSAIDs demonstrate a flat-dose response curve, with higher doses producing no
greater efficacy than moderate doses but resulting in an increased incidence of
Practice 6th Edition Chisholm-Burns Test Bank.
Acute Pain - ANSWER Mild to sharp pain that comes on suddenly and lasts
anywhere from a few seconds to up to a couple of months.
Chronic Pain - ANSWER Persistent pain that lasts weeks to years. pain may be
caused by inflammation or dysfunctional nerves.
Nociceptive Pain - ANSWER Transient pain in response to a noxious stimulus at
nociceptor that are located in cutaneous tissues. Bone, muscle, connective tissue,
vessels and viscera.
Neuropathic Pain - ANSWER Spontaneous pain and hypersensitivity to pain
associated with damage to/or pathologic changes in the peripheral or CNS.
Malignant Pain - ANSWER Cancer pain
Can be nociceptive or neuropathic
Progresses rapidly
What are some non-pharmacological approaches to pain? - ANSWER Used for
both acute and chronic pain is psychological interventions and physical therapy.
Psychological approach- picturing oneself in a safe peaceful place. distractions
listening to music or focusing on breathing. - ANSWER This can reduce pain as
well as anxiety, depression and fear related to pain?
Chronic pain might benefit from? - ANSWER relaxation techniques, biofeedback,
cognitive behavior therapy, psychotherapy, support groups, and spiritual counseling.
Physical therapy - ANSWER Essential part of many types of pain situations. It
includes modalities like heat, cold, water, ultrasound, TENS, massage, and
therapeutic exercise?
Heat and Cold - ANSWER Utilized in variety if musculoskeletal conditions. like
spasms, lower back pain, fibromyalgia, sprains and strains is?
Mild to moderate pain - ANSWER Generally treated with nonopioid analgesics?
Moderate Pain - ANSWER Treated with a combination of medium potency opioids
and APAP or NSAIDS?
Severe Pain - ANSWER Treated with potent opioids?
, Adjuvant medications - ANSWER These are added through the progression to
manage side effects and augment analgesia?
Clinical situation (type of pain), Cost, pharmacokinetics profile of available drugs,
Patient specific factors (Age, concomitant illnesses, previous response, and other
medications) must be considered. Management in absence of pain needs to be
anticipated like in pre surgery. - ANSWER For initial pain therapy these guidelines
can be useful?
Mild pain - ANSWER 1-3 on pain scale. Who recommends nonopioid analgesic reg
sch dose like Tylenol 1000 mg q 6 hrs or Motrin 600 q 6 hrs, consider adjunt if pain is
not reduced in 1-2 days is?
Moderate pain - ANSWER 4-6 on pain scale Who recommends ass opioid to the
nonopioid for this pain, example is tyl 325 mg + codeine?
Severe Pain - ANSWER 7-10 on the pain scale, Who recommends switch to high
potency opioid reg scheduled dose?
Nonselective (they inhibit COX-1 and COX-2) or selective (Inhibit only COX 2) based
on degree of COX inhabitation. COX 2 is for inflammatory effect. COX 1 inhabitation
contributes to increased GI and renal toxicity associated with nonselective agents. -
ANSWER What is the mechanism of NSAIDs use?
Concurrent use might reduce the cardioprotective effect of ASA due to competitive
inhibition of COX1. On box, warning is the potential for increased risk of
cardiovascular events and GI bleeding. - ANSWER What is the precautions to use
NSAIDs?
Ketorolac - ANSWER When using this ____ duration of use with this is limited to 5
days due to the risk of serious GI side effects?
NSAID use - ANSWER GI irritation, Hepatic dysfunctions, renal insufficiency,
platelet inhibition, sodium retention, and CNS dysfunction are all side effects of?
NSAIDs - ANSWER When this is used in patients with cardiovascular risk, the
benefit of therapy must outweigh the risks and the lowest effective dose of the this is
recommended?
NSAIDs - ANSWER These are indicated for Rheumatoid arthritis, menstrual
cramps, and postsurgical pain, Bony metastasis, and are minimal use in neuropathic
pain?
All are equally effective, but there is great interpatient variability in responses. All
have similar analgesic effects. - ANSWER Is one NSAID better/ safer than another
in a given patient?
NSAIDs demonstrate a flat-dose response curve, with higher doses producing no
greater efficacy than moderate doses but resulting in an increased incidence of
