NR 465 Exam 1 with correct solutions
umbilical ivein io2? i- iANSWER: i i➡ ihas ioxygen
umbilical iarteries iO2? i- iANSWER: i i➡ iNO ioxygen
first ifetal ibypass i- iANSWER: i i➡ iductus ivenosus
second ifetal ibypass i- iANSWER: i i➡ iductus iarterios
hole iin ithe iheart iof ia ifetus i- iANSWER: i i➡ iformen iovale
Placenta i- iANSWER: i i➡ iThe imeans iof imetabolic iand inutrient iexchange ibetween ithe iembryonic
iand imaternal icirculations.
At i40 iwks i15-20cm idiameter, i2.5-3cm ithick
Weighs i400-600g
Maternal iside i("dirty iduncan") iand ifetal iside i("shiny ischultz")
Functions iinclude ifetal irespiration, inutrition, iand iexcretion
umbilical icord i- iANSWER: i i➡ i2 iarteries, i1 ivein
Arteries i- ismaller, icarry ilow ioxygenated iblood
Vein i-large, icarry ihighly ioxygenated iblood
Length i-50-60cm
Wharton's ijelly i-surrounds icord; iprevents icompression i(slippery iand igooey iso iit idoesn't iget
iknotted)
FX iof iamniotic ifluid i- iANSWER: i i➡ iAct ias icushion ito iprevent imechanical iinjury
Help icontrol iembryo's itemperature
,Permit isymmetric igrowth
Prevent iadherence iof ibaby ito iamnion iand iallow ifree imovement iof ibaby
Allow iumbilical icord ito ibe ifree iof icompression
Provide ifluid ifor ianalysis i(fetal ihealth iand imaturity)
Amniotic ifluid icontents i- iANSWER: i i➡ iContents iinclude ifetal iurine
Baby iswallows ifluid
Slightly ialkaline
Volume iis iconstantly ichanging ias ifluid imoving iback iand iforth iacross iplacenta
Oligohydramnios i(too ilittle)
<500 imls
Polyhydramnios i(hydramnios) i(too imuch)
>2000 imls
Antepartum i- iANSWER: i i➡ ieverything ihappening iduring ipregnancy
3 itrimesters i- iANSWER: i i➡ iFirst iTrimester i0-12 iweeks
Second iTrimester i12-24 iweeks
Third iTrimester i24-40 iweeks
how ilong iis ipregnancy? i- iANSWER: i i➡ i40 iweeks i(10 imonths!!)
Phases iof ipregnancy
Antepartum i
Intrapartum
Postpartum
postpartum i- iANSWER: i i➡ ibirth i- i6 iweeks iafter
,Diagnosis iof iPregnancy i(3 iP's) i- iANSWER: i i➡ iCombination iof ipresumptive, iprobable, iand
ipositive ichanges/signs iof ipregnancy. iThis iinformation iis iobtained ithrough ihistory, iphysical,
ipelvic iexamination, ilaboratory, iand idiagnostic istudies.
Presumptive isigns iof ipregnancy i- iANSWER: i i➡ iAmenorrhea
Nausea iand ivomiting- icommon ifrom iwk i2-12
Excessive ifatigue-first itrimester
Urinary ifrequency
i r/t ipressure iof ienlarging iuterus ion ibladder
Breast ichanges- imay iappear iat i2-3 iweeks
Enlargement, itenderness, iand itingling
Increased ivascularity
Quickening
First iawareness iof ifetal imovement i~ i18 iweeks
Probable isigns iof ipregnancy i- iANSWER: i i➡ iGoodell's isign, ichadwick's isign, ihegar's isign;
ibraxton ihicks icontractions; iskin ihyper ipigmentation; istriae; ipositive ipregnancy itest
Goodell's isign i- iANSWER: i i➡ isoftening iof icervix iand ivagina iwith iincreased ileukorrheal
idischarge; iseen iat i6-8 iwks
Chadwick's isign i- iANSWER: i i➡ iBluish-purple icoloration iof icervix,vaginal imucosa iand ivulva i;
iseen iat i6-8 iweeks.
Hegar's isign i- iANSWER: i i➡ iSoftening iof ilower iuterine isegment; ipalpated iat i6 iwks
Abdominal ienlargement
Braxton iHicks icontractions i- iANSWER: i i➡ ifasle ilabor; icramping
Skin iHyper ipigmentation i- iANSWER: i i➡ iMelasma/Chloasma, inipples iand iaereola, iand iLinea
iNigra
, Striae i- iANSWER: i i➡ istretch imarks
Positive iSigns iof iPregnancy i- iANSWER: i i➡ iVisualization iof ibaby iby iultrasound
Gestational isac i
Fetal icardiac iactivity i
Fetal iheartbeat i(110-160 ibpm)
Fetoscope ior iDoppler i
Fetal imovement i(palpated iby iexaminer)
gravida i- iANSWER: i i➡ ipregnant iwoman
para i- iANSWER: i i➡ ihow imany ipregnancies ia iwoman ihas icarried ito iviability
viability i- iANSWER: i i➡ iwhen ithe ibaby ican ilive ioutside iof ithe imother's iwomb: icurrently i21 iweeks
Abortion i- iANSWER: i i➡ itermination: iwoman ipurposely idecides ito iend ia ipregnancy
spontaneous: imiscarriage i
Less ithan i20 iweeks
still ibirth i- iANSWER: i i➡ iafter i20 iweeks ithe ibaby idies
nulligravida i- iANSWER: i i➡ inever ibeen ipregnant
primigravida i- iANSWER: i i➡ ifirst itime ipregnant
multigravida i- iANSWER: i i➡ imultiple itimes ipreganat
umbilical ivein io2? i- iANSWER: i i➡ ihas ioxygen
umbilical iarteries iO2? i- iANSWER: i i➡ iNO ioxygen
first ifetal ibypass i- iANSWER: i i➡ iductus ivenosus
second ifetal ibypass i- iANSWER: i i➡ iductus iarterios
hole iin ithe iheart iof ia ifetus i- iANSWER: i i➡ iformen iovale
Placenta i- iANSWER: i i➡ iThe imeans iof imetabolic iand inutrient iexchange ibetween ithe iembryonic
iand imaternal icirculations.
At i40 iwks i15-20cm idiameter, i2.5-3cm ithick
Weighs i400-600g
Maternal iside i("dirty iduncan") iand ifetal iside i("shiny ischultz")
Functions iinclude ifetal irespiration, inutrition, iand iexcretion
umbilical icord i- iANSWER: i i➡ i2 iarteries, i1 ivein
Arteries i- ismaller, icarry ilow ioxygenated iblood
Vein i-large, icarry ihighly ioxygenated iblood
Length i-50-60cm
Wharton's ijelly i-surrounds icord; iprevents icompression i(slippery iand igooey iso iit idoesn't iget
iknotted)
FX iof iamniotic ifluid i- iANSWER: i i➡ iAct ias icushion ito iprevent imechanical iinjury
Help icontrol iembryo's itemperature
,Permit isymmetric igrowth
Prevent iadherence iof ibaby ito iamnion iand iallow ifree imovement iof ibaby
Allow iumbilical icord ito ibe ifree iof icompression
Provide ifluid ifor ianalysis i(fetal ihealth iand imaturity)
Amniotic ifluid icontents i- iANSWER: i i➡ iContents iinclude ifetal iurine
Baby iswallows ifluid
Slightly ialkaline
Volume iis iconstantly ichanging ias ifluid imoving iback iand iforth iacross iplacenta
Oligohydramnios i(too ilittle)
<500 imls
Polyhydramnios i(hydramnios) i(too imuch)
>2000 imls
Antepartum i- iANSWER: i i➡ ieverything ihappening iduring ipregnancy
3 itrimesters i- iANSWER: i i➡ iFirst iTrimester i0-12 iweeks
Second iTrimester i12-24 iweeks
Third iTrimester i24-40 iweeks
how ilong iis ipregnancy? i- iANSWER: i i➡ i40 iweeks i(10 imonths!!)
Phases iof ipregnancy
Antepartum i
Intrapartum
Postpartum
postpartum i- iANSWER: i i➡ ibirth i- i6 iweeks iafter
,Diagnosis iof iPregnancy i(3 iP's) i- iANSWER: i i➡ iCombination iof ipresumptive, iprobable, iand
ipositive ichanges/signs iof ipregnancy. iThis iinformation iis iobtained ithrough ihistory, iphysical,
ipelvic iexamination, ilaboratory, iand idiagnostic istudies.
Presumptive isigns iof ipregnancy i- iANSWER: i i➡ iAmenorrhea
Nausea iand ivomiting- icommon ifrom iwk i2-12
Excessive ifatigue-first itrimester
Urinary ifrequency
i r/t ipressure iof ienlarging iuterus ion ibladder
Breast ichanges- imay iappear iat i2-3 iweeks
Enlargement, itenderness, iand itingling
Increased ivascularity
Quickening
First iawareness iof ifetal imovement i~ i18 iweeks
Probable isigns iof ipregnancy i- iANSWER: i i➡ iGoodell's isign, ichadwick's isign, ihegar's isign;
ibraxton ihicks icontractions; iskin ihyper ipigmentation; istriae; ipositive ipregnancy itest
Goodell's isign i- iANSWER: i i➡ isoftening iof icervix iand ivagina iwith iincreased ileukorrheal
idischarge; iseen iat i6-8 iwks
Chadwick's isign i- iANSWER: i i➡ iBluish-purple icoloration iof icervix,vaginal imucosa iand ivulva i;
iseen iat i6-8 iweeks.
Hegar's isign i- iANSWER: i i➡ iSoftening iof ilower iuterine isegment; ipalpated iat i6 iwks
Abdominal ienlargement
Braxton iHicks icontractions i- iANSWER: i i➡ ifasle ilabor; icramping
Skin iHyper ipigmentation i- iANSWER: i i➡ iMelasma/Chloasma, inipples iand iaereola, iand iLinea
iNigra
, Striae i- iANSWER: i i➡ istretch imarks
Positive iSigns iof iPregnancy i- iANSWER: i i➡ iVisualization iof ibaby iby iultrasound
Gestational isac i
Fetal icardiac iactivity i
Fetal iheartbeat i(110-160 ibpm)
Fetoscope ior iDoppler i
Fetal imovement i(palpated iby iexaminer)
gravida i- iANSWER: i i➡ ipregnant iwoman
para i- iANSWER: i i➡ ihow imany ipregnancies ia iwoman ihas icarried ito iviability
viability i- iANSWER: i i➡ iwhen ithe ibaby ican ilive ioutside iof ithe imother's iwomb: icurrently i21 iweeks
Abortion i- iANSWER: i i➡ itermination: iwoman ipurposely idecides ito iend ia ipregnancy
spontaneous: imiscarriage i
Less ithan i20 iweeks
still ibirth i- iANSWER: i i➡ iafter i20 iweeks ithe ibaby idies
nulligravida i- iANSWER: i i➡ inever ibeen ipregnant
primigravida i- iANSWER: i i➡ ifirst itime ipregnant
multigravida i- iANSWER: i i➡ imultiple itimes ipreganat
