Wine Appreciation Final Exam Questions and answers (202472025)
What is wine? - ✔✔Fermented grape juice
Simon's favorite wine definition - ✔✔Something that invigorate's or intoxicate's
What is fermentation? - ✔✔Conversion of sugar into alcohol (natural)
Fermentation Formula - ✔✔Water + sugar + yeast = alcohol + co2
Wine-making step: 1 - ✔✔Pick the type of grape (red or white)
Wine-making step: 2 - ✔✔Grow the grape; must have a winter to go dormant; bud break;
flowering; veraison
Wine-making step: 3 - ✔✔Harvesting: grapes are picked when they reach the proper sugar/acid
ratio for the style of wine the vintner wants to produce
Wine-making step: 4 - ✔✔Stemming: separating stems from stalks
Wine-making step: 5 - ✔✔Crushing: breaking berries, allowing the juice, pulp, and seeds to mingle
with the skins and stems of the grapes
Pressing: separates the grape juice from the fiber and other solids that make up a berry
What kind of wood do we sometimes age wine in and why? - ✔✔Oak; it is more porous
Wine-making step: 6 - ✔✔Aging: 3% of the wines need to age (bottle or barrel aging)
,Ripeness - ✔✔Grapes that contain higher sugar levels, which generally translates to higher alcohol
at fermentation and fuller body in the finished wine
Must - ✔✔Non-fermented grape juice
Wine-making step: 7 - ✔✔Collage or fining: the process of clearing the wine (filtering)
Enology - ✔✔The study of wines and wine making
Viticulture - ✔✔The cultivation and growing of grapes
Viniculture - ✔✔The science, practice, and art of making wine
Can you make a red wine from a white grape? - ✔✔No
Can you make a white wine from a red grape? - ✔✔Yes
What kind of wine is just a marketing tactic? - ✔✔White Zinfandel; which is actually called a
blush wine
Three main white grapes: - ✔✔Sauvignon blanc, riesling, chardonnay
Three main red grapes: - ✔✔Cabernet sauvignon, merlot, pinor noir
Wine's taste comes from three major sources: - ✔✔Grapes, fermentation, maturation/aging
Vitis Vinifera - ✔✔Old world vine (ex: chardonnay, cabernet sauvignon)
, Vitis Labrusca - ✔✔New world vine (ex: concord, catawba)
Terroir - ✔✔"Somewhereness" of a particular region or vineyard, including soil composition and
geography; the taste of soil or minerality
Extract - ✔✔The total solid material present in the liquid of wine; contributor to the body; includes
tannins, proteins, and other microscopic solids
Maceration - ✔✔A soaking to extract aromas, tannins, and color from the skins
Mouthfeel - ✔✔The weight and texture of the wine in your mouth
Carbonic Maceration - ✔✔When whole grapes are fermented in a carbon dioxide rich environment
prior to crushing; the resulting wine is fruity with very low tannins
Chaptalization - ✔✔Adding sugar to the wine; helps generate more alcohol; compensates for
underripe grapes
Lees - ✔✔The dead yeast cells and other solids that settle to the bottom after fermentation
Batonnage - ✔✔Process of stirring the lees in the barrels; can increase the lees influence
Malolactic Fermentation - ✔✔A second fermentation in which harsh malic acid is converted into
a softer lactic acid; adds complexity to whites (ex: chardonnay ) and softens reds (ex: cabernet and
merlot)
Corked Wine - ✔✔Musty aroma caused by the organic compound trichloroanisole (tca); switching
the industry to screw cap
What is wine? - ✔✔Fermented grape juice
Simon's favorite wine definition - ✔✔Something that invigorate's or intoxicate's
What is fermentation? - ✔✔Conversion of sugar into alcohol (natural)
Fermentation Formula - ✔✔Water + sugar + yeast = alcohol + co2
Wine-making step: 1 - ✔✔Pick the type of grape (red or white)
Wine-making step: 2 - ✔✔Grow the grape; must have a winter to go dormant; bud break;
flowering; veraison
Wine-making step: 3 - ✔✔Harvesting: grapes are picked when they reach the proper sugar/acid
ratio for the style of wine the vintner wants to produce
Wine-making step: 4 - ✔✔Stemming: separating stems from stalks
Wine-making step: 5 - ✔✔Crushing: breaking berries, allowing the juice, pulp, and seeds to mingle
with the skins and stems of the grapes
Pressing: separates the grape juice from the fiber and other solids that make up a berry
What kind of wood do we sometimes age wine in and why? - ✔✔Oak; it is more porous
Wine-making step: 6 - ✔✔Aging: 3% of the wines need to age (bottle or barrel aging)
,Ripeness - ✔✔Grapes that contain higher sugar levels, which generally translates to higher alcohol
at fermentation and fuller body in the finished wine
Must - ✔✔Non-fermented grape juice
Wine-making step: 7 - ✔✔Collage or fining: the process of clearing the wine (filtering)
Enology - ✔✔The study of wines and wine making
Viticulture - ✔✔The cultivation and growing of grapes
Viniculture - ✔✔The science, practice, and art of making wine
Can you make a red wine from a white grape? - ✔✔No
Can you make a white wine from a red grape? - ✔✔Yes
What kind of wine is just a marketing tactic? - ✔✔White Zinfandel; which is actually called a
blush wine
Three main white grapes: - ✔✔Sauvignon blanc, riesling, chardonnay
Three main red grapes: - ✔✔Cabernet sauvignon, merlot, pinor noir
Wine's taste comes from three major sources: - ✔✔Grapes, fermentation, maturation/aging
Vitis Vinifera - ✔✔Old world vine (ex: chardonnay, cabernet sauvignon)
, Vitis Labrusca - ✔✔New world vine (ex: concord, catawba)
Terroir - ✔✔"Somewhereness" of a particular region or vineyard, including soil composition and
geography; the taste of soil or minerality
Extract - ✔✔The total solid material present in the liquid of wine; contributor to the body; includes
tannins, proteins, and other microscopic solids
Maceration - ✔✔A soaking to extract aromas, tannins, and color from the skins
Mouthfeel - ✔✔The weight and texture of the wine in your mouth
Carbonic Maceration - ✔✔When whole grapes are fermented in a carbon dioxide rich environment
prior to crushing; the resulting wine is fruity with very low tannins
Chaptalization - ✔✔Adding sugar to the wine; helps generate more alcohol; compensates for
underripe grapes
Lees - ✔✔The dead yeast cells and other solids that settle to the bottom after fermentation
Batonnage - ✔✔Process of stirring the lees in the barrels; can increase the lees influence
Malolactic Fermentation - ✔✔A second fermentation in which harsh malic acid is converted into
a softer lactic acid; adds complexity to whites (ex: chardonnay ) and softens reds (ex: cabernet and
merlot)
Corked Wine - ✔✔Musty aroma caused by the organic compound trichloroanisole (tca); switching
the industry to screw cap
