ATI Capstone Pediatrics Q&A 2022
Question 1
A 2-year-old child is brought to the clinic for a routine check-up. Which
developmental milestone should the nurse expect the child to have achieved?
A. Walking without assistance
B. Saying three-word sentences
C. Using a spoon to feed themselves
D. Drawing circles and squares
Answer: C. Using a spoon to feed themselves
Question 2
A nurse is providing education to the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis. Which
statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "We will give our child pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks."
B. "We will perform chest physiotherapy after meals to help clear mucus."
C. "We will encourage our child to eat high-calorie, high-protein foods."
D. "We will monitor our child for signs of respiratory infection."
Answer: B. "We will perform chest physiotherapy after meals to help clear mucus."
Question 3
A 6-month-old infant is brought to the emergency department with a high fever and
irritability. Which finding should be most concerning to the nurse?
A. Bulging fontanel
B. Nasal congestion
C. Mild diarrhea
D. Diaper rash
,Answer: A. Bulging fontanel
Question 4
A school nurse is assessing a 7-year-old child who has been sent to the office for
frequent headaches. Which question is most important to ask the child?
A. "Have you been drinking enough water?"
B. "Do you eat breakfast every day?"
C. "How much time do you spend watching TV or using a computer?"
D. "Have you had any recent eye exams?"
Answer: D. "Have you had any recent eye exams?"
Question 5
A nurse is caring for a child with Kawasaki disease. Which intervention is the priority
during the acute phase of the illness?
A. Administering intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
B. Monitoring for signs of arthritis
C. Providing passive range of motion exercises
D. Encouraging a low-sodium diet
Answer: A. Administering intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
Question 6
A toddler with acute otitis media is being treated with antibiotics. What advice
should the nurse give to the parents regarding the administration of the medication?
A. "Stop giving the antibiotic as soon as your child feels better."
B. "Continue the antibiotic for the full prescribed course."
C. "Mix the antibiotic with juice to make it taste better."
,D. "Give the antibiotic only when your child has a fever."
Answer: B. "Continue the antibiotic for the full prescribed course."
Question 7
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child who had a
tonsillectomy. Which instruction is most important to include?
A. "Offer your child ice cream as a treat."
B. "Avoid giving your child any red-colored liquids."
C. "Encourage your child to cough and clear their throat frequently."
D. "Expect some ear pain, which is common after this surgery."
Answer: B. "Avoid giving your child any red-colored liquids."
Question 8
A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child during a well-child visit. Which behavior
indicates the child is meeting expected developmental milestones?
A. The child can build a tower of six blocks.
B. The child can tie their own shoes.
C. The child can write their name.
D. The child can count to 20.
Answer: A. The child can build a tower of six blocks.
Question 9
A nurse is planning care for an adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which
intervention is most appropriate for promoting adherence to the treatment plan?
A. Providing detailed written instructions for managing diabetes
B. Allowing the adolescent to make decisions about insulin administration
, C. Encouraging the parents to closely monitor the adolescent's glucose levels
D. Scheduling frequent follow-up appointments with the healthcare provider
Answer: B. Allowing the adolescent to make decisions about insulin administration
Question 10
A child is diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which
strategy should the nurse recommend to the parents to help manage their child’s
behavior?
A. Implementing a reward system for positive behavior
B. Allowing the child to take frequent breaks during tasks
C. Using time-out as the primary disciplinary method
D. Encouraging the child to participate in group activities
Answer: A. Implementing a reward system for positive behaviorQuestion 11
A nurse is caring for a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who is receiving
chemotherapy. Which intervention is a priority to prevent infection?
A. Administering prophylactic antibiotics
B. Encouraging a high-protein diet
C. Monitoring for signs of bleeding
D. Implementing neutropenic precautions
Answer: D. Implementing neutropenic precautions
Question 12
A 10-year-old child with asthma is being discharged from the hospital. Which
instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
A. "Use the peak flow meter daily to monitor your asthma."
B. "Use your rescue inhaler before exercising."
Question 1
A 2-year-old child is brought to the clinic for a routine check-up. Which
developmental milestone should the nurse expect the child to have achieved?
A. Walking without assistance
B. Saying three-word sentences
C. Using a spoon to feed themselves
D. Drawing circles and squares
Answer: C. Using a spoon to feed themselves
Question 2
A nurse is providing education to the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis. Which
statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "We will give our child pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks."
B. "We will perform chest physiotherapy after meals to help clear mucus."
C. "We will encourage our child to eat high-calorie, high-protein foods."
D. "We will monitor our child for signs of respiratory infection."
Answer: B. "We will perform chest physiotherapy after meals to help clear mucus."
Question 3
A 6-month-old infant is brought to the emergency department with a high fever and
irritability. Which finding should be most concerning to the nurse?
A. Bulging fontanel
B. Nasal congestion
C. Mild diarrhea
D. Diaper rash
,Answer: A. Bulging fontanel
Question 4
A school nurse is assessing a 7-year-old child who has been sent to the office for
frequent headaches. Which question is most important to ask the child?
A. "Have you been drinking enough water?"
B. "Do you eat breakfast every day?"
C. "How much time do you spend watching TV or using a computer?"
D. "Have you had any recent eye exams?"
Answer: D. "Have you had any recent eye exams?"
Question 5
A nurse is caring for a child with Kawasaki disease. Which intervention is the priority
during the acute phase of the illness?
A. Administering intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
B. Monitoring for signs of arthritis
C. Providing passive range of motion exercises
D. Encouraging a low-sodium diet
Answer: A. Administering intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
Question 6
A toddler with acute otitis media is being treated with antibiotics. What advice
should the nurse give to the parents regarding the administration of the medication?
A. "Stop giving the antibiotic as soon as your child feels better."
B. "Continue the antibiotic for the full prescribed course."
C. "Mix the antibiotic with juice to make it taste better."
,D. "Give the antibiotic only when your child has a fever."
Answer: B. "Continue the antibiotic for the full prescribed course."
Question 7
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child who had a
tonsillectomy. Which instruction is most important to include?
A. "Offer your child ice cream as a treat."
B. "Avoid giving your child any red-colored liquids."
C. "Encourage your child to cough and clear their throat frequently."
D. "Expect some ear pain, which is common after this surgery."
Answer: B. "Avoid giving your child any red-colored liquids."
Question 8
A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child during a well-child visit. Which behavior
indicates the child is meeting expected developmental milestones?
A. The child can build a tower of six blocks.
B. The child can tie their own shoes.
C. The child can write their name.
D. The child can count to 20.
Answer: A. The child can build a tower of six blocks.
Question 9
A nurse is planning care for an adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which
intervention is most appropriate for promoting adherence to the treatment plan?
A. Providing detailed written instructions for managing diabetes
B. Allowing the adolescent to make decisions about insulin administration
, C. Encouraging the parents to closely monitor the adolescent's glucose levels
D. Scheduling frequent follow-up appointments with the healthcare provider
Answer: B. Allowing the adolescent to make decisions about insulin administration
Question 10
A child is diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which
strategy should the nurse recommend to the parents to help manage their child’s
behavior?
A. Implementing a reward system for positive behavior
B. Allowing the child to take frequent breaks during tasks
C. Using time-out as the primary disciplinary method
D. Encouraging the child to participate in group activities
Answer: A. Implementing a reward system for positive behaviorQuestion 11
A nurse is caring for a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who is receiving
chemotherapy. Which intervention is a priority to prevent infection?
A. Administering prophylactic antibiotics
B. Encouraging a high-protein diet
C. Monitoring for signs of bleeding
D. Implementing neutropenic precautions
Answer: D. Implementing neutropenic precautions
Question 12
A 10-year-old child with asthma is being discharged from the hospital. Which
instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
A. "Use the peak flow meter daily to monitor your asthma."
B. "Use your rescue inhaler before exercising."
