D027 PATHOPHARMACOLOGY
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2024
Celiac disease gold standard - ANSWER Endoscopy with small intestine biopsy
advanced metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer genetic mutation - ANSWER EGFR mutation
20-year-old male falling frequently. Since childhood, his gait has consisted of walking on his toes. During
middle school, he was able to participate in sports but was unable to participate in high school sports
due to difficulty with running and jumping. Lately, he has noticed it takes longer and is more difficult to
change positions from sitting to standing than it used to in the past. He has also been waking up with
muscle and joint stiffness. Which condition? - ANSWER Becker muscular dystrophy
Which statement should the provider give the patient regarding the pathophysiology of SLE and its
relation to thrombocytopenia? - ANSWER SLE disrupts immune homeostasis and promotes development
of self-reactive antibodies.
elevated ferritin level. She has no previous medical history and is currently asymptomatic. She is
concerned about the elevated ferritin and would like to know if she should be worried. What should the
provider do next for this patient? - ANSWER Order a liver function test
A 75-year-old female presents to the emergency department with an irregular heart rate of 130. What
can be ascertained about this patient's findings given the limited information? - ANSWER She is
diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and needs her heart rate controlled with metoprolol (Lopressor).
Which condition from this patient's medical history is contributing to the loss of contractility? - ANSWER
Acute myocardial infarction
A two-year-old child presents with a clear runny nose and cough which has lasted 3 days. The child's
mother reports the cough sounds like a barking noise. The child is sleeping in the mother's arms and
appears to have stridor. The child's mother also reports an axillary temperature of 101°F last night.
Which management technique is appropriate for this child's symptoms? - ANSWER Oral steroids and
breathing treatments
, ED with blurred vision, fatigue, SOB, disoriented. Labs= glucose >400, sodium 150, potassium 7, serum
bicarbonate 12, creatinine 3. Which condition is this patient suffering from? - ANSWER Diabetic
ketoacidosis
A 45-year-old female fears that she is having a stroke and takes herself to an emergency room. After
several diagnostic and laboratory tests, the patient is diagnosed with Cushing disease. Which lab
abnormality would be present in this patient? - ANSWER Increased cortisol
16yo coughing and wheezing, worse with exercise - ANSWER Asthma
Pt with memory loss, incontinence, hallucinations; sleepiness and impaired judgement. What labs should
be ordered? - ANSWER Complete blood count, complete metabolic profile, and urinalysis
An 18-year-old male is involved in a motorcycle crash while not wearing a helmet. He is brought into an
emergency room and is immediately taken for a CT scan. The provider tells the patient's parents he has
bleeding between the dura mater and the skull. What is this patient's condition called? - ANSWER
Epidural hematoma
40yo abdominal pain and diarrhea- colonoscopy shows skip lesions - ANSWER Crohn's disease
15yo pain in scrotum, increasing since morning and nausea. What test should be ordered? - ANSWER
Ultrasound
A 45-year-old male is being seen in the clinic for a yearly check-up and lab work. His history includes
hypertension and hyperlipidemia for which he currently takes Norvasc 5 mg daily and Lipitor 20 mg
nightly. Patient has a family history of diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and hyperlipidemia. After
obtaining lab work, the provider notices the patient's hgbA1c is elevated at 7.5. The patient is already on
a DASH diet and watching the amount of sweets and carbohydrates he eats daily. The patient is not
overweight and participates in moderate physical activity at least 4-5 days a week. He was started on
Metformin three months ago, and his hemoglobin A1c is now 6.9. The nurse expects to see a class of
medication prescribed which is proven to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.Considering the
treatment guidelines from the American College of Cardiology, which medication should be
recommended for this patient - ANSWER Invokana 100 mg daily
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2024
Celiac disease gold standard - ANSWER Endoscopy with small intestine biopsy
advanced metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer genetic mutation - ANSWER EGFR mutation
20-year-old male falling frequently. Since childhood, his gait has consisted of walking on his toes. During
middle school, he was able to participate in sports but was unable to participate in high school sports
due to difficulty with running and jumping. Lately, he has noticed it takes longer and is more difficult to
change positions from sitting to standing than it used to in the past. He has also been waking up with
muscle and joint stiffness. Which condition? - ANSWER Becker muscular dystrophy
Which statement should the provider give the patient regarding the pathophysiology of SLE and its
relation to thrombocytopenia? - ANSWER SLE disrupts immune homeostasis and promotes development
of self-reactive antibodies.
elevated ferritin level. She has no previous medical history and is currently asymptomatic. She is
concerned about the elevated ferritin and would like to know if she should be worried. What should the
provider do next for this patient? - ANSWER Order a liver function test
A 75-year-old female presents to the emergency department with an irregular heart rate of 130. What
can be ascertained about this patient's findings given the limited information? - ANSWER She is
diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and needs her heart rate controlled with metoprolol (Lopressor).
Which condition from this patient's medical history is contributing to the loss of contractility? - ANSWER
Acute myocardial infarction
A two-year-old child presents with a clear runny nose and cough which has lasted 3 days. The child's
mother reports the cough sounds like a barking noise. The child is sleeping in the mother's arms and
appears to have stridor. The child's mother also reports an axillary temperature of 101°F last night.
Which management technique is appropriate for this child's symptoms? - ANSWER Oral steroids and
breathing treatments
, ED with blurred vision, fatigue, SOB, disoriented. Labs= glucose >400, sodium 150, potassium 7, serum
bicarbonate 12, creatinine 3. Which condition is this patient suffering from? - ANSWER Diabetic
ketoacidosis
A 45-year-old female fears that she is having a stroke and takes herself to an emergency room. After
several diagnostic and laboratory tests, the patient is diagnosed with Cushing disease. Which lab
abnormality would be present in this patient? - ANSWER Increased cortisol
16yo coughing and wheezing, worse with exercise - ANSWER Asthma
Pt with memory loss, incontinence, hallucinations; sleepiness and impaired judgement. What labs should
be ordered? - ANSWER Complete blood count, complete metabolic profile, and urinalysis
An 18-year-old male is involved in a motorcycle crash while not wearing a helmet. He is brought into an
emergency room and is immediately taken for a CT scan. The provider tells the patient's parents he has
bleeding between the dura mater and the skull. What is this patient's condition called? - ANSWER
Epidural hematoma
40yo abdominal pain and diarrhea- colonoscopy shows skip lesions - ANSWER Crohn's disease
15yo pain in scrotum, increasing since morning and nausea. What test should be ordered? - ANSWER
Ultrasound
A 45-year-old male is being seen in the clinic for a yearly check-up and lab work. His history includes
hypertension and hyperlipidemia for which he currently takes Norvasc 5 mg daily and Lipitor 20 mg
nightly. Patient has a family history of diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and hyperlipidemia. After
obtaining lab work, the provider notices the patient's hgbA1c is elevated at 7.5. The patient is already on
a DASH diet and watching the amount of sweets and carbohydrates he eats daily. The patient is not
overweight and participates in moderate physical activity at least 4-5 days a week. He was started on
Metformin three months ago, and his hemoglobin A1c is now 6.9. The nurse expects to see a class of
medication prescribed which is proven to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.Considering the
treatment guidelines from the American College of Cardiology, which medication should be
recommended for this patient - ANSWER Invokana 100 mg daily
