D027 REVIEW Q QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
2024
Which of the following is not a cellular function?
Reproduction
Combustion
Absorption
Excretion - ANSWER combustion
Which if the following can cause edema?
Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure
Increased lymphatic pressure
Increased plasma pressure
Decreased capillary permeability - ANSWER Increased lymphatic pressure
Which of the following best describes the result of cellular reproduction?
During anaphase, the centromeres come together.
During telophase, a nuclear membrane is formed around 23 chromosomes.
Two diploid cells, called daughter cells, are produced.
Cellular reproduction has a long interphase. - ANSWER Two diploid cells, called daughter cells, are
produced.
What is an example of both hyperplasia and hypertrophy?
Liver enlargement after partial removal
Uterine enlargement due to pregnancy
Cardiac enlargement due to hypertension
Muscle enlargement due to work - ANSWER Uterine enlargement due to pregnancy
,deifine hyperplasia & hypertrophy - ANSWER Hyperplasia is the increase in the number of cells of an
organ or tissue, while hypertrophy is the enlargement of the cells of a given organ or tissue without a
change in the number of cells. Muscle cells grow and enlarge (hypertrophy) in response to increased
work or stress from exercise or increased cardiovascular pressures. When a liver is damaged or part of it
is removed, it is the one internal solid organ capable of regeneration to repair itself creating more cells
(hyperplasia). During pregnancy, the uterus must both grow to create more cells and enlarge those
existing cells in preparation for the support of a fetus.
Previousquestion
What regulates the sodium balance?
Chloride
Aldosterone
Renin
Potassium - ANSWER aldosterone
When in excess, what do buffers absorb?
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Potassium
Bicarbonate - ANSWER Hydrogen; Think Chem!. H+ is acid
describe translation and transcription - ANSWER Translation refers to this process. Transcription is
another process in which RNA is synthesized
What is the recurrence rate for autosomal dominant disease? - ANSWER 50% for a couple in which one
or both partners are affected by the disease, the chance of each child being heterozygous affected is
50%.
Which of the following statements is true about autosomal recessive disease?
It affects only women.
It affects both men and women equally.
It affects men and women, but men more often.
, It affects men only. - ANSWER men and women equal
What is the proportion of the population affected by a disease at the specific point in time?
Relative risk
Incidence rate
At-risk rate
Prevalence rate - ANSWER prevalence
Incidence rate refers to how many new cases there are of a disease within a period of time divided by
the number of the population's individuals. The prevalence rate is affected by the incidence rate and
how long the affected patients survive. Risk factor is anything that could lead to disease. Relative risk is
the measure of a risk factor effect.
Previousquestion
Which action is the purpose of the inflammatory - ANSWER To destroy foreign, invasive microorganisms
What causes edema that occurs during the inflammatory process? - ANSWER Increased pressure in the
vasculature secondary to the vasodilatory effects of inflammation will result in the leakage of fluid into
third spaces (i.e., edema).
In what structure do B lymphocytes mature and become B cells? - ANSWER BONE MARROW (B for B)
The bone marrow is where immature immune cells, such as B and T lymphocytes, reside to mature into
B cells. After this maturation process, these cells migrate to other organ sites such as the thyroid, spleen,
and thymus to enter their final stages of differentiation and development.
Which type of immunity occurs when antibodies are transferred from donor to recipient? - ANSWER
passive acquired immunity
Active immune processes are the self-originating processes of the immune system that occur from
(acquired) or without (innate) prior exogenous simulation or exposure to foreign antigens. Passive
immunity is stabilized. Existing immune responses that are present with or without simulation can arise
or be created from oneself (innate) or acquired from an outside source (e.g. donor antibodies).
ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
2024
Which of the following is not a cellular function?
Reproduction
Combustion
Absorption
Excretion - ANSWER combustion
Which if the following can cause edema?
Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure
Increased lymphatic pressure
Increased plasma pressure
Decreased capillary permeability - ANSWER Increased lymphatic pressure
Which of the following best describes the result of cellular reproduction?
During anaphase, the centromeres come together.
During telophase, a nuclear membrane is formed around 23 chromosomes.
Two diploid cells, called daughter cells, are produced.
Cellular reproduction has a long interphase. - ANSWER Two diploid cells, called daughter cells, are
produced.
What is an example of both hyperplasia and hypertrophy?
Liver enlargement after partial removal
Uterine enlargement due to pregnancy
Cardiac enlargement due to hypertension
Muscle enlargement due to work - ANSWER Uterine enlargement due to pregnancy
,deifine hyperplasia & hypertrophy - ANSWER Hyperplasia is the increase in the number of cells of an
organ or tissue, while hypertrophy is the enlargement of the cells of a given organ or tissue without a
change in the number of cells. Muscle cells grow and enlarge (hypertrophy) in response to increased
work or stress from exercise or increased cardiovascular pressures. When a liver is damaged or part of it
is removed, it is the one internal solid organ capable of regeneration to repair itself creating more cells
(hyperplasia). During pregnancy, the uterus must both grow to create more cells and enlarge those
existing cells in preparation for the support of a fetus.
Previousquestion
What regulates the sodium balance?
Chloride
Aldosterone
Renin
Potassium - ANSWER aldosterone
When in excess, what do buffers absorb?
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Potassium
Bicarbonate - ANSWER Hydrogen; Think Chem!. H+ is acid
describe translation and transcription - ANSWER Translation refers to this process. Transcription is
another process in which RNA is synthesized
What is the recurrence rate for autosomal dominant disease? - ANSWER 50% for a couple in which one
or both partners are affected by the disease, the chance of each child being heterozygous affected is
50%.
Which of the following statements is true about autosomal recessive disease?
It affects only women.
It affects both men and women equally.
It affects men and women, but men more often.
, It affects men only. - ANSWER men and women equal
What is the proportion of the population affected by a disease at the specific point in time?
Relative risk
Incidence rate
At-risk rate
Prevalence rate - ANSWER prevalence
Incidence rate refers to how many new cases there are of a disease within a period of time divided by
the number of the population's individuals. The prevalence rate is affected by the incidence rate and
how long the affected patients survive. Risk factor is anything that could lead to disease. Relative risk is
the measure of a risk factor effect.
Previousquestion
Which action is the purpose of the inflammatory - ANSWER To destroy foreign, invasive microorganisms
What causes edema that occurs during the inflammatory process? - ANSWER Increased pressure in the
vasculature secondary to the vasodilatory effects of inflammation will result in the leakage of fluid into
third spaces (i.e., edema).
In what structure do B lymphocytes mature and become B cells? - ANSWER BONE MARROW (B for B)
The bone marrow is where immature immune cells, such as B and T lymphocytes, reside to mature into
B cells. After this maturation process, these cells migrate to other organ sites such as the thyroid, spleen,
and thymus to enter their final stages of differentiation and development.
Which type of immunity occurs when antibodies are transferred from donor to recipient? - ANSWER
passive acquired immunity
Active immune processes are the self-originating processes of the immune system that occur from
(acquired) or without (innate) prior exogenous simulation or exposure to foreign antigens. Passive
immunity is stabilized. Existing immune responses that are present with or without simulation can arise
or be created from oneself (innate) or acquired from an outside source (e.g. donor antibodies).
