mt1 Exam Test Questions with 100% correct
answers |Verified |Rated A+
Bioenergetic - ANSWER-study of energy conversion in living system: every production, energy utilization.
◦ important for living system to do biochemical work
‣ ( to stay alive, to grow, to produce membranes, etc...) All of these stuffs are mediated by metabolic
pathways
Metabolic pathway - ANSWER-series of chemical reactions that converts one compound into another.
◦ usually enzyme-mediated
◦ sometimes spontaneous
Metabolism - ANSWER-the sum of all pathways. All the reactions involved in maintaining our living state
(organism, organ, cell)
Metabolites - ANSWER-low molecular weight compound ( <1000 g/mol) can be substrates,
intermediates, products
◦ 'intermediary metabolism' - sets of reactions within the cells
Metabolone - ANSWER-sum of all metabolites (used in medicines)
Metabolomics - ANSWER-tool to study many metabolites simultaneously & study the completeness of
metabolites in one organ
◦ diagnostic tool : metabolize in diseased and healthy state
‣ ex: metabolite comparison between diseased vs. healthy liver
◦ effect of drugs
‣ ex: doping. Going through metabolize system to check urine for any drugs contents
Glyceraldehyde - ANSWER-
,anomeric carbon - ANSWER-Stereocenter Carbon with -OH derived from Carbonyl
Amphibolic reaction - ANSWER-a mixture reaction of anabolic and catabolic reactions
Metabolic cooperation - ANSWER-working together to generate, store, or utilize energy
metabolic directionality - ANSWER-using free gas energy ∆G to calculate whether it goes forward or
reverse
metabolic directionality rules - ANSWER-∆G < 0 = spontaneous, exergonic
∆G > 0 = non spontaneous, endergonic
∆G = at EQ, no net flux
Spontaneous - ANSWER-goes towards energy minimization
Std conditions - ANSWER-P = 1 atm
T = 298 K
R = 8.315 J/mol*K
[react/prod] = 1M
[H2O]=55M
pH = 7
∆G' = -RT ln Keq
Comparing to Std cond, non std condition varies in which living system - ANSWER-Temperature and
reactant & product concentration
∆G = ∆G' + RTlnQ
Q = mass action ratio
Q = [C]^c[D]^d / [A]^a[B]^b
, Pathways work in series, so ∆G is ____, and Keq is ____ - ANSWER-addictive
multiplicative
L vs. D-projection - ANSWER-L = less prominent, S (-)
D= more prominent, R (+)
H points towards you (horizontal on fischer projection), so you have to flip to get the correct orientation
Furanose and Pyranose - ANSWER-5C member ring
6C member ring
Occurs intramolecularly at a sign rate w/o enzymes
hemiacetal - ANSWER-addition of an aldehyde carbonyl to an alcohol
hemiketal - ANSWER-addition of a keto carbonyl to an alcohol
maltose - ANSWER-glc + glc
lactose - ANSWER-gal + glc
sucrose - ANSWER-glc + f
fisher to haworth projection - ANSWER-
alpha or ß anomers - ANSWER-config at the anomeric carbin in the cyclic form or a monosaccharide
on the CH2OH @ C6
answers |Verified |Rated A+
Bioenergetic - ANSWER-study of energy conversion in living system: every production, energy utilization.
◦ important for living system to do biochemical work
‣ ( to stay alive, to grow, to produce membranes, etc...) All of these stuffs are mediated by metabolic
pathways
Metabolic pathway - ANSWER-series of chemical reactions that converts one compound into another.
◦ usually enzyme-mediated
◦ sometimes spontaneous
Metabolism - ANSWER-the sum of all pathways. All the reactions involved in maintaining our living state
(organism, organ, cell)
Metabolites - ANSWER-low molecular weight compound ( <1000 g/mol) can be substrates,
intermediates, products
◦ 'intermediary metabolism' - sets of reactions within the cells
Metabolone - ANSWER-sum of all metabolites (used in medicines)
Metabolomics - ANSWER-tool to study many metabolites simultaneously & study the completeness of
metabolites in one organ
◦ diagnostic tool : metabolize in diseased and healthy state
‣ ex: metabolite comparison between diseased vs. healthy liver
◦ effect of drugs
‣ ex: doping. Going through metabolize system to check urine for any drugs contents
Glyceraldehyde - ANSWER-
,anomeric carbon - ANSWER-Stereocenter Carbon with -OH derived from Carbonyl
Amphibolic reaction - ANSWER-a mixture reaction of anabolic and catabolic reactions
Metabolic cooperation - ANSWER-working together to generate, store, or utilize energy
metabolic directionality - ANSWER-using free gas energy ∆G to calculate whether it goes forward or
reverse
metabolic directionality rules - ANSWER-∆G < 0 = spontaneous, exergonic
∆G > 0 = non spontaneous, endergonic
∆G = at EQ, no net flux
Spontaneous - ANSWER-goes towards energy minimization
Std conditions - ANSWER-P = 1 atm
T = 298 K
R = 8.315 J/mol*K
[react/prod] = 1M
[H2O]=55M
pH = 7
∆G' = -RT ln Keq
Comparing to Std cond, non std condition varies in which living system - ANSWER-Temperature and
reactant & product concentration
∆G = ∆G' + RTlnQ
Q = mass action ratio
Q = [C]^c[D]^d / [A]^a[B]^b
, Pathways work in series, so ∆G is ____, and Keq is ____ - ANSWER-addictive
multiplicative
L vs. D-projection - ANSWER-L = less prominent, S (-)
D= more prominent, R (+)
H points towards you (horizontal on fischer projection), so you have to flip to get the correct orientation
Furanose and Pyranose - ANSWER-5C member ring
6C member ring
Occurs intramolecularly at a sign rate w/o enzymes
hemiacetal - ANSWER-addition of an aldehyde carbonyl to an alcohol
hemiketal - ANSWER-addition of a keto carbonyl to an alcohol
maltose - ANSWER-glc + glc
lactose - ANSWER-gal + glc
sucrose - ANSWER-glc + f
fisher to haworth projection - ANSWER-
alpha or ß anomers - ANSWER-config at the anomeric carbin in the cyclic form or a monosaccharide
on the CH2OH @ C6
