Chapter 32: Immunologic Disorders

Chapter 32: Immunologic Disorders
Linton: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 7th Edition


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which should take priority in the care of an outpatient with AIDS?
a. Therapeutic regimen management
b. Physical mobility
c. Skin integrity
d. Social isolation


ANS: A
Failure to take anti-HIV drugs as scheduled can encourage resistant strains of HIV:
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p: 587 OBJ: 1
TOP: Nursing Diagnosis: AIDS KEY: Nursing Process Step: Nursing
Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation


2. A nurse removes a potted plant from the room of a patient with HIV: What is the nurse
trying to prevent?
a. Aspergillosis
b. Candidiasis
c. Coccidioidomycosis
d. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)


ANS: A
Aspergillosis can be contracted from the potting soil in and around the plant in the
pot:
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p: 581 OBJ: 1
TOP: Aspergillosis KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early
Detection of Disease

,3. What childhood exposure causes painful shingles experienced by the patient with HIV?
a. Measles
b. Mumps
c. Impetigo
d. Chickenpox


ANS: D
Chickenpox can be reactivated as shingles:
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p: 582 OBJ: 1
TOP: Shingles KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation


4. Which nursing action should be implemented to increase the comfort of a patient with
oral hair leukoplakia?
a. Allow aspirin to melt in the mouth and then wash out with warm water:
b. Encourage mouth rinses with warm salt water several times a day:
c. Limit intake of ice cream and other cold foods:
d. Offer fluids through a straw:


ANS: D
Using a straw keeps fluids from flooding the entire oral cavity: Warm or acidic items
are to be discouraged because they add to the discomfort: Ice cream and popsicles can
numb the area:
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p: 582 OBJ: 1
TOP: Oral Hair Leukoplakia KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort


5. What should a patient with HIV avoid to prevent bacillary angiomatosis (BA)?
a. Cats
b. Large crowds of people
c. Consuming unwashed fruits
d. Exposure to mosquito bites

, ANS: A
Cats and their fleas are thought to transmit BA:
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p: 583 OBJ: 1
TOP: Prevention KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early
Detection of Disease


6. What sign should a nurse report when caring for the patient with AIDS who has
cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma?
a. Nausea
b. Fatigue
c. Abdominal pain
d. Weight loss


ANS: C
Abdominal pain may be an indication of organ involvement from Kaposi sarcoma:
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p: 583 OBJ: 1
TOP: Kaposi Sarcoma KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early
Detection of Disease


7. Which statement by a patient diagnosed with AIDS should lead a nurse to suspect an
infection by CMV?
a. “I need to get glasses; I can’t see as well as I did a few months ago:”
b. “I need to drink more water: This diarrhea has really dehydrated me:”
c. “I need to get smaller clothes: I have lost 10 lb in the past 6 weeks:”
d. “I need to take some pep pills: I don’t have any energy:”


ANS: A
Visual changes indicate the presence of CMV retinitis, which will eventually lead to
blindness: Diarrhea is indicative of a fungal infection, and decreases in weight and
energy are expected manifestations of AIDS:
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p: 582 OBJ: 1
TOP: Assessing CMV KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment