Test Bank For Criminal Justice in America 10th Edition By George Cole, Christopher Smith, Christina DeJong (All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade)

Criminal Justice in America 10e George Cole, Christopher Smith,
Christina DeJong (Test Bank All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+
Grade) Answers At The End Of Each Chapter
Chapter 01: The Criminal Justice System

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. One of the principles of “doing justice” involves protecting the rights of the accused.
a. True
b. False

2. Crime prevention depends on the actions of the police but does not require much from citizens.
a. True
b. False

3. Offenses that are wrong by their very nature have traditionally been called mala prohibita.
a. True
b. False

4. Federalism involves the division of power between a central (national) government and regional (state) governments.
a. True
b. False

5. Most criminal laws are written by state legislatures but enforced by federal agencies.
a. True
b. False

6. Federal authorities handle fewer cases annually than state and local authorities.
a. True
b. False

7. Since the 1960s, Congress has consistently refused to expand the powers of the FBI.
a. True
b. False

8. Jurisdiction typically goes to the FBI where stolen property has been moved across state lines.
a. True
b. False

9. The majority of police departments are administered by local government.
a. True
b. False

10. The subsystems of the criminal justice system act independently of one another.
a. True
b. False

11. Plea bargaining is an example of an exchange relationship in the criminal justice system.
a. True
b. False

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Chapter 01: The Criminal Justice System
12. Criminal justice is a system whose components—police, courts, corrections—are compartmentalized and have little or
no influence on each other.
a. True
b. False

13. Judges are the only actors in the criminal justice system who have discretion.
a. True
b. False

14. Criminal justice agencies are self-sufficient, which means they generate their own funding and are not dependent on
outside financial sources.
a. True
b. False

15. The police are thought of as the “front line” in controlling crime.
a. True
b. False

16. The filtering process refers to the authority to make decisions based on one’s own judgment.
a. True
b. False

17. A police officer who is providing emergency first aid after an automobile accident is engaging in the duty of “keeping
the peace.”
a. True
b. False

18. The majority of convicted offenders are supervised in the community.
a. True
b. False

19. Charging of an offender typically takes place between initial appearance and arraignment.
a. True
b. False

20. The majority of cases in the American criminal justice system will proceed to trial.
a. True
b. False

21. The most publicized criminal cases make up the bottom layer of the criminal justice wedding cake.
a. True
b. False

22. The crime control model is very similar to an assembly line.
a. True
b. False
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Chapter 01: The Criminal Justice System


23. In the United States, people of color are more likely to be incarcerated than white people.
a. True
b. False

24. There is no evidence of racism in the operation of the criminal justice system.
a. True
b. False

25. A goal of the criminal justice system is media exploitation of crime for ratings.
a. True
b. False

26. The Department of Homeland Security was created after the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001.
a. True
b. False

27. Disparity refers to the authority to make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts and relying on one's own
judgment.
a. True
b. False

28. Discretion refers to the authority to make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts, relying on one's own
judgment.
a. True
b. False

29. An arrest is said to have occurred when a suspect is physically taken into custody.
a. True
b. False

30. The reading of a suspect's Miranda warnings occurs during the initial hearing.
a. True
b. False

31. Federal sentencing guidelines punish individuals for possession of or trafficking in crack cocaine more harshly than
users of powder cocaine.
a. True
b. False

32. Evidence-based practices are those policies developed through guidance from research studies that demonstrate which
approaches are most useful and cost-effective.
a. True
b. False

33. Mala prohibita are offenses that are prohibited by law but not necessarily wrong in themselves.

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Chapter 01: The Criminal Justice System

a. True
b. False

34. Subsystems are the interdependent parts within the larger system.
a. True
b. False

35. Anyone in the United States, regardless of status or circumstance, may be drawn into the criminal justice system.
a. True
b. False

36. An exchange occurs when one benefit or resource is acquired at no cost.
a. True
b. False

37. Adjudication refers to the process of determining whether the defendant is guilty.
a. True
b. False

38. The crime control model is more concerned with those who have been wrongly accused than is the due process model.
a. True
b. False

39. Developments in technology have profound impacts on the criminal justice system.
a. True
b. False

Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

40. According to Cole and Smith, which of the following is not a goal of the criminal justice system?
a. doing justice
b. controlling crime
c. preventing crime
d. expanding the power of the police
e. increasing sentencing punishments

41. What offenses are traditionally considered wrong by their very nature?
a. felonies
b. mala in se
c. mala prohibita
d. heinous
e. natural crimes

42. What is a characteristic of a mala prohibita offense?
a. morally offensive acts that fall short of criminal status
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