Criminal Justice in America 10e George Cole, Christopher
Smith, Christina DeJong (Instructor's Manual All Chapters,
100% Original Verified, A+ Grade)
Instructor Manual
Cole, Criminal Justice in America, 10th Edition, 978-0-357-45633-0; Chapter 1: The Criminal
Justice System
Table of Contents
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter 2
Cengage Supplements 2
Chapter Objectives 2
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments 2
Key Terms 3
What's New in This Chapter 5
Chapter Outline 5
Discussion Questions 32
Additional Activities and Assignments 33
Additional Resources 38
Internet Resources .................................................................................................................................. 38
Appendix 39
Generic Rubrics ....................................................................................................................................... 39
Standard Writing Rubric .......................................................................................................................... 39
Standard Discussion Rubric ..................................................................................................................... 40
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 1
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Cole, Criminal Justice in America, 10th Edition, 978-0-357-45633-0; Chapter 1: The Criminal Justice System
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter
The purpose of this chapter is to introduce core concepts of the criminal justice system.
Doing justice concerns fairness and equity in the treatment of people who are drawn into
the criminal justice system. In the United States, doing justice forms the basis for the rules,
procedures, and institutions of the criminal justice system.
Cengage Supplements
The following product-level supplements provide additional information that may help you
in preparing your course. They are available in the Instructor Resource Center.
● Test Bank (contains assessment questions and problems)
● PowerPoint (provides text-based lectures and presentations, both instructor and
student files)
● Guide to Teaching Online (provides technological and pedagogical considerations
and resources for teaching online)
● MindTap Educator Guide (describes assets in the MindTap platform with a detailed
breakdown of activities by chapter with seat time)
● Transition Guide (provides information about what’s new from edition to edition)
Chapter Objectives
The following objectives are addressed in this chapter:
01.01 Describe the goals of the criminal justice system.
01.02 Identify the different responsibilities of federal and state criminal justice operations.
01.03 Analyze criminal justice from a systems perspective.
01.04 Describe the main criminal justice agencies and the steps in the decision-making
process for criminal cases.
01.05 Explain the criminal justice “wedding cake” concept as well as the due process and
crime control models.
01.06 Name the possible causes of racial disparities in criminal justice.
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments
For additional guidance refer to the Teaching Online Guide.
Chapter PPT slide Activity/Assessment Duration
Objective
2 Icebreaker 10 minutes
01.01 7–8 Knowledge Check Activity 1 2 minutes
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 2
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Cole, Criminal Justice in America, 10th Edition, 978-0-357-45633-0; Chapter 1: The Criminal Justice System
01.03 15 Breakout Groups 10 minutes
01.04 30 Discussion Activity 5–7 minutes
01.05 34 Poll 2 minutes
01.06 39–40 Knowledge Check Activity 2 2 minutes
01.01–01.06 41 Self-Assessment 5 minutes
MindTap Why Does the Purpose of the Criminal 5–10 minutes
Justice System Matter to Me?
MindTap Chapter 01 Reading: The Criminal 60 minutes
Justice System
MindTap Fast Facts: The Criminal Justice System 5–15 minutes
(Chapter 1, Episode 1)
MindTap Fast Facts: The Criminal Justice System 5–15 minutes
(Chapter 1, Episode 2)
MindTap Fast Facts: The Criminal Justice System 5–15 minutes
(Chapter 1, Episode 3)
MindTap Think. Decide. Act. Discretion and Ethics 10–15 minutes
in Criminal Justice
MindTap Chapter 01 Quiz: The Criminal Justice 25–30 minutes
System
MindTap Practice Test: The Criminal Justice 30–35 minutes
System
MindTap Fast Facts: The Criminal Justice System 15–60 minutes
(All Episodes)
[return to top]
Key Terms
Adjudication: The process of determining whether the defendant is guilty.
Arrest: The physical taking of a person into custody on the grounds that there is reason to
believe that he or she has committed a criminal offense. Police are limited to using only
reasonable physical force in making an arrest. The purpose of the arrest is to hold the
accused for a court proceeding.
Crime control model: A model of the criminal justice system that assumes freedom for
the public to live without fear is so important that every effort must be made to repress
crime; it emphasizes efficiency, speed, finality, and the capacity to apprehend, try, convict,
and dispose of a high proportion of people facing criminal charges.
Crimes: Actions that violate laws defining which socially harmful behaviors will be subject
to the government’s power to impose punishments.
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 3
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Cole, Criminal Justice in America, 10th Edition, 978-0-357-45633-0; Chapter 1: The Criminal Justice System
Discretion: The authority to make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts,
using instead one’s own judgment; allows for individualization and informality in the
administration of justice.
Discrimination: Differential treatment of individuals or groups based on race, ethnicity,
gender, sexual orientation, or economic status, instead of on their behavior or
qualifications.
Disparity: A difference between groups that may be explained either by legitimate factors
or by discrimination.
Dual court system: A system consisting of a separate judicial system for each state in
addition to a national system. Each case is tried in a court of the same jurisdiction as that of
the law or laws broken.
Due process model: A model of the criminal justice system that assumes freedom for
individuals who are wrongly accused and risk unjust punishment is so important that every
effort must be made to ensure that criminal justice decisions are based on reliable
information; it emphasizes the adversarial process, the rights of defendants, and formal
decision-making procedures.
Evidence-based practices: Policies developed through guidance from research studies
that demonstrate which approaches are most useful and cost-effective for advancing
desired goals.
Exchange: A mutual transfer of resources; a balance of benefits and deficits that flow from
behavior based on decisions about the values and costs of alternative courses of action.
Federalism: A system of government in which power is divided between a central
(national) government and regional (state) governments.
Felonies: Serious crimes carrying a penalty of death or of incarceration for more than one
year.
Filtering process: A screening operation; a process by which criminal justice officials
screen out some cases while advancing others to the next level of decision making.
Implicit bias: Unknowingly associating individuals with stereotyped characteristics of a
demographic group and potentially using these stereotyped assumptions in reacting to
these people.
Indictment: A document returned by a grand jury as a “true bill” charging an individual
with a specific crime on the basis of a determination of probable cause as presented by a
prosecuting attorney.
Information: A document charging an individual with a specific crime. It is prepared by a
prosecuting attorney and presented to a court at a preliminary hearing.
Mala in se: Offenses that are wrong by their very nature.
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 4
website, in whole or in part.
Smith, Christina DeJong (Instructor's Manual All Chapters,
100% Original Verified, A+ Grade)
Instructor Manual
Cole, Criminal Justice in America, 10th Edition, 978-0-357-45633-0; Chapter 1: The Criminal
Justice System
Table of Contents
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter 2
Cengage Supplements 2
Chapter Objectives 2
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments 2
Key Terms 3
What's New in This Chapter 5
Chapter Outline 5
Discussion Questions 32
Additional Activities and Assignments 33
Additional Resources 38
Internet Resources .................................................................................................................................. 38
Appendix 39
Generic Rubrics ....................................................................................................................................... 39
Standard Writing Rubric .......................................................................................................................... 39
Standard Discussion Rubric ..................................................................................................................... 40
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 1
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Cole, Criminal Justice in America, 10th Edition, 978-0-357-45633-0; Chapter 1: The Criminal Justice System
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter
The purpose of this chapter is to introduce core concepts of the criminal justice system.
Doing justice concerns fairness and equity in the treatment of people who are drawn into
the criminal justice system. In the United States, doing justice forms the basis for the rules,
procedures, and institutions of the criminal justice system.
Cengage Supplements
The following product-level supplements provide additional information that may help you
in preparing your course. They are available in the Instructor Resource Center.
● Test Bank (contains assessment questions and problems)
● PowerPoint (provides text-based lectures and presentations, both instructor and
student files)
● Guide to Teaching Online (provides technological and pedagogical considerations
and resources for teaching online)
● MindTap Educator Guide (describes assets in the MindTap platform with a detailed
breakdown of activities by chapter with seat time)
● Transition Guide (provides information about what’s new from edition to edition)
Chapter Objectives
The following objectives are addressed in this chapter:
01.01 Describe the goals of the criminal justice system.
01.02 Identify the different responsibilities of federal and state criminal justice operations.
01.03 Analyze criminal justice from a systems perspective.
01.04 Describe the main criminal justice agencies and the steps in the decision-making
process for criminal cases.
01.05 Explain the criminal justice “wedding cake” concept as well as the due process and
crime control models.
01.06 Name the possible causes of racial disparities in criminal justice.
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments
For additional guidance refer to the Teaching Online Guide.
Chapter PPT slide Activity/Assessment Duration
Objective
2 Icebreaker 10 minutes
01.01 7–8 Knowledge Check Activity 1 2 minutes
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 2
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Cole, Criminal Justice in America, 10th Edition, 978-0-357-45633-0; Chapter 1: The Criminal Justice System
01.03 15 Breakout Groups 10 minutes
01.04 30 Discussion Activity 5–7 minutes
01.05 34 Poll 2 minutes
01.06 39–40 Knowledge Check Activity 2 2 minutes
01.01–01.06 41 Self-Assessment 5 minutes
MindTap Why Does the Purpose of the Criminal 5–10 minutes
Justice System Matter to Me?
MindTap Chapter 01 Reading: The Criminal 60 minutes
Justice System
MindTap Fast Facts: The Criminal Justice System 5–15 minutes
(Chapter 1, Episode 1)
MindTap Fast Facts: The Criminal Justice System 5–15 minutes
(Chapter 1, Episode 2)
MindTap Fast Facts: The Criminal Justice System 5–15 minutes
(Chapter 1, Episode 3)
MindTap Think. Decide. Act. Discretion and Ethics 10–15 minutes
in Criminal Justice
MindTap Chapter 01 Quiz: The Criminal Justice 25–30 minutes
System
MindTap Practice Test: The Criminal Justice 30–35 minutes
System
MindTap Fast Facts: The Criminal Justice System 15–60 minutes
(All Episodes)
[return to top]
Key Terms
Adjudication: The process of determining whether the defendant is guilty.
Arrest: The physical taking of a person into custody on the grounds that there is reason to
believe that he or she has committed a criminal offense. Police are limited to using only
reasonable physical force in making an arrest. The purpose of the arrest is to hold the
accused for a court proceeding.
Crime control model: A model of the criminal justice system that assumes freedom for
the public to live without fear is so important that every effort must be made to repress
crime; it emphasizes efficiency, speed, finality, and the capacity to apprehend, try, convict,
and dispose of a high proportion of people facing criminal charges.
Crimes: Actions that violate laws defining which socially harmful behaviors will be subject
to the government’s power to impose punishments.
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 3
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Cole, Criminal Justice in America, 10th Edition, 978-0-357-45633-0; Chapter 1: The Criminal Justice System
Discretion: The authority to make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts,
using instead one’s own judgment; allows for individualization and informality in the
administration of justice.
Discrimination: Differential treatment of individuals or groups based on race, ethnicity,
gender, sexual orientation, or economic status, instead of on their behavior or
qualifications.
Disparity: A difference between groups that may be explained either by legitimate factors
or by discrimination.
Dual court system: A system consisting of a separate judicial system for each state in
addition to a national system. Each case is tried in a court of the same jurisdiction as that of
the law or laws broken.
Due process model: A model of the criminal justice system that assumes freedom for
individuals who are wrongly accused and risk unjust punishment is so important that every
effort must be made to ensure that criminal justice decisions are based on reliable
information; it emphasizes the adversarial process, the rights of defendants, and formal
decision-making procedures.
Evidence-based practices: Policies developed through guidance from research studies
that demonstrate which approaches are most useful and cost-effective for advancing
desired goals.
Exchange: A mutual transfer of resources; a balance of benefits and deficits that flow from
behavior based on decisions about the values and costs of alternative courses of action.
Federalism: A system of government in which power is divided between a central
(national) government and regional (state) governments.
Felonies: Serious crimes carrying a penalty of death or of incarceration for more than one
year.
Filtering process: A screening operation; a process by which criminal justice officials
screen out some cases while advancing others to the next level of decision making.
Implicit bias: Unknowingly associating individuals with stereotyped characteristics of a
demographic group and potentially using these stereotyped assumptions in reacting to
these people.
Indictment: A document returned by a grand jury as a “true bill” charging an individual
with a specific crime on the basis of a determination of probable cause as presented by a
prosecuting attorney.
Information: A document charging an individual with a specific crime. It is prepared by a
prosecuting attorney and presented to a court at a preliminary hearing.
Mala in se: Offenses that are wrong by their very nature.
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 4
website, in whole or in part.
