CITP EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
2024
Recognize when the fourth amendment applies to government actions - ANSWER 1. Whether the
government knows or acquiesce in the private actor's conduct
2. whether the private party intents to assist law enforcement officers at the time of the search
3. whether the government affirmatively encourages, initiates, or participates in the private action
Identify situations when a reasonable expectation of privacy exists - ANSWER >The individual must have
exhibited an actual expectation of privacy
>The expectation must be one the society (as determined by the Supreme Court) is prepared to
recognize as reasonable
Common search areas without REP - ANSWER the body (except inside the body)
passengers do not have REP but their stuff does
Open Fields even if there are 'no trespassing signs'
Government workplaces - REP could exist depending on prior notice (computer banners of limited or no
REP), common practices, openness and accessibility of the area, whether the position of the employee
requires special trust and confidence, whether the employee waived REP through bargaining process
>Abandoned Property
Methods and Devices for searches - ANSWER >Canine Sniffs - luggage in a public space has no REP
>Sensory Enhancements - use of lights at night does not create a 'search' if otherwise visible in daylight;
thermal imaging would be considered a search
>Aircraft Overflights - what is visible to the naked eye does not have REP
>Cell Site Location Information - conversations do not have REP when using naked ears
Identify actions that may be taken when reasonable suspicion exists - ANSWER 1. a consensual
encounter
2. Investigative detention
3. Terry Frisk
,a consensual encounter - ANSWER a hunch or mere suspicion (not a seizure)
brief voluntary encounter between a law enforcement officer and an individual
an officer may ask questions even incriminating ones
the officer may request (not demand) to see ID
the officer may ID him/herself and display credentials
the officer may seek consent for a search or frisk
investigative detentions - ANSWER Reasonable suspicion criminal activity is afoot
1. reasonable suspicion - could be collective knowledge from other LEOs; personal observations; quality
or quantity of a tip
2. criminal activity is afoot - crime is about to be/has been/is being committed
whats a terry frisk - ANSWER RSPAAD
detention
the officer must reasonably suspect that the person is presently armed and dangerous
plain touch doctrine to seize evidence - discovery must be lawful; item must be immediately apparent to
the officer without manipulation
frisks of vehicles can be unlocked containers/entire passenger compartment cannot frisk the trunk
arrest can happen if - ANSWER PC exists
radicalization - ANSWER process by which individuals come to believe that their engagement in or
facilitation
extremist movement - ANSWER consists of individuals working together to advance their shared
political, social, or artistic ideas/following an extremist ideology without an organization
Violent Extremists - ANSWER individuals mobilized to plan, support, and conduct violent illegal behavior
in furtherance of their extremist ideology
, Domestic Violent Extremist - ANSWER AKA Domestic Terrorist
A U.S.based individual, who has radicalized to a domestic extremist belief in the U.S., whether a follower
or member of a movement or group without inspiration, influence, or direction from any FTO, and who
has "mobilized" by planning and preparing to support or conduct violent illegal behavior in furtherance
of their extremist ideology
Homegrown violent extremist - ANSWER a person of an citizenship who lives or operates primarily in the
US or its territories
who: advocates, engages in, or is preparing to engage in or support terrorist activities in furtherance of a
foreign terrorist organization's objectives; who is acting independently of foreign terrorist direction.
HVE Foreign Fighter - ANSWER a person of any citizenship who lives or operates primarily in the US or its
territories who advocates and is preparing to engage in or support terrorist activities in furtherance of a
foreign terrorist orgs
Lone Offender - ANSWER An individual motivated by one or more extremist ideologies, who operates
alone to support or engaged in acts of unlawful violence in furtherance of that ideology or ideologies
Anti-Terrorism - ANSWER Defensive measures used to reduce the vulnerability of individuals
Counterterrorism - ANSWER Direct actions taken against terrorist networks and indirect actions to
influence and render global and regional environments inhospitable to terrorist networks
Indicators - ANSWER generally defined and observable actions that based on analysis of past known
behaviors and characteristics, collectively suggest that a person may be committing may be preparing to
commit or has committed an unlawful act
Potential Targets of Terrorism - ANSWER large concentration of people
military personnel/facilities; diplomatic offices; religious figures; intermodal; critical infrastructure;
educational institutions; government offices
ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
2024
Recognize when the fourth amendment applies to government actions - ANSWER 1. Whether the
government knows or acquiesce in the private actor's conduct
2. whether the private party intents to assist law enforcement officers at the time of the search
3. whether the government affirmatively encourages, initiates, or participates in the private action
Identify situations when a reasonable expectation of privacy exists - ANSWER >The individual must have
exhibited an actual expectation of privacy
>The expectation must be one the society (as determined by the Supreme Court) is prepared to
recognize as reasonable
Common search areas without REP - ANSWER the body (except inside the body)
passengers do not have REP but their stuff does
Open Fields even if there are 'no trespassing signs'
Government workplaces - REP could exist depending on prior notice (computer banners of limited or no
REP), common practices, openness and accessibility of the area, whether the position of the employee
requires special trust and confidence, whether the employee waived REP through bargaining process
>Abandoned Property
Methods and Devices for searches - ANSWER >Canine Sniffs - luggage in a public space has no REP
>Sensory Enhancements - use of lights at night does not create a 'search' if otherwise visible in daylight;
thermal imaging would be considered a search
>Aircraft Overflights - what is visible to the naked eye does not have REP
>Cell Site Location Information - conversations do not have REP when using naked ears
Identify actions that may be taken when reasonable suspicion exists - ANSWER 1. a consensual
encounter
2. Investigative detention
3. Terry Frisk
,a consensual encounter - ANSWER a hunch or mere suspicion (not a seizure)
brief voluntary encounter between a law enforcement officer and an individual
an officer may ask questions even incriminating ones
the officer may request (not demand) to see ID
the officer may ID him/herself and display credentials
the officer may seek consent for a search or frisk
investigative detentions - ANSWER Reasonable suspicion criminal activity is afoot
1. reasonable suspicion - could be collective knowledge from other LEOs; personal observations; quality
or quantity of a tip
2. criminal activity is afoot - crime is about to be/has been/is being committed
whats a terry frisk - ANSWER RSPAAD
detention
the officer must reasonably suspect that the person is presently armed and dangerous
plain touch doctrine to seize evidence - discovery must be lawful; item must be immediately apparent to
the officer without manipulation
frisks of vehicles can be unlocked containers/entire passenger compartment cannot frisk the trunk
arrest can happen if - ANSWER PC exists
radicalization - ANSWER process by which individuals come to believe that their engagement in or
facilitation
extremist movement - ANSWER consists of individuals working together to advance their shared
political, social, or artistic ideas/following an extremist ideology without an organization
Violent Extremists - ANSWER individuals mobilized to plan, support, and conduct violent illegal behavior
in furtherance of their extremist ideology
, Domestic Violent Extremist - ANSWER AKA Domestic Terrorist
A U.S.based individual, who has radicalized to a domestic extremist belief in the U.S., whether a follower
or member of a movement or group without inspiration, influence, or direction from any FTO, and who
has "mobilized" by planning and preparing to support or conduct violent illegal behavior in furtherance
of their extremist ideology
Homegrown violent extremist - ANSWER a person of an citizenship who lives or operates primarily in the
US or its territories
who: advocates, engages in, or is preparing to engage in or support terrorist activities in furtherance of a
foreign terrorist organization's objectives; who is acting independently of foreign terrorist direction.
HVE Foreign Fighter - ANSWER a person of any citizenship who lives or operates primarily in the US or its
territories who advocates and is preparing to engage in or support terrorist activities in furtherance of a
foreign terrorist orgs
Lone Offender - ANSWER An individual motivated by one or more extremist ideologies, who operates
alone to support or engaged in acts of unlawful violence in furtherance of that ideology or ideologies
Anti-Terrorism - ANSWER Defensive measures used to reduce the vulnerability of individuals
Counterterrorism - ANSWER Direct actions taken against terrorist networks and indirect actions to
influence and render global and regional environments inhospitable to terrorist networks
Indicators - ANSWER generally defined and observable actions that based on analysis of past known
behaviors and characteristics, collectively suggest that a person may be committing may be preparing to
commit or has committed an unlawful act
Potential Targets of Terrorism - ANSWER large concentration of people
military personnel/facilities; diplomatic offices; religious figures; intermodal; critical infrastructure;
educational institutions; government offices
