AMFTRB Study Set, (Answered) 218 Questions
and Correct Answers, With Complete Verified
Solution. Latest Update 2024/2025.
Bertrand Russell
Wrote Theory of Logical Types which eventually influenced Gregory Bateson
Norbert Weiner
Developed the framework for Cybernetics
Ludwig von Bertalanffy
Developed General Systems Theory
John Bowlby
Founder of Attachment Theory
Paul Popenoe
Founded the American Institute of Family Relations
Emily Mudd
Founded the Marriage Council of Philadelphia which became the AAMFT
John Bell
May have been the first to treat families using family group therapy which had three phases
1. Child-centered
2. Parent-centered
3. Family-centered
Robert MacGregor
developed Multiple Impact Therapy
Don Jackson
Introduced the term Conjoint Therapy
Pseudomutuality
describes a systemic pretense of harmony and closeness that hides conflict and interferes with intimacy
Pseudohostility
A volatile and intense way of disguising and distorting both affection and splits
Rubber-Fence Boundary
,The families are seemingly yielding, but are in fact nearly impermeable to information from outside the
system
Marital Schism
The parents are overly focused on their own problems which harms the marriage, the individuals, and
the children
Marital Skew
"One parent dominates the family and the other is dependent;
children often torn between parents; deficits in addressing kids' needs that dysfunction or schizophrenia
result"
Gregory Bateson
Started the Mental Research Institute
Six characteristics of double bind
1. The communication involves two or more people who are involved in an important emotional
relationship
2. The pattern of communication and the relationship is a repeated experience
3. The communication involves a primary negative injection or command, which comes under the threat
of punishment
4. A second abstract injection is given that contradicts the primary injunction but is usually nonverbal
and occurs under the threat of punishment
5. a third negative injunction both demands a response and prevents escape, effectively binding the
recipient
6. when the above double bind messages have been communicated enough, the individual has become
conditioned
Double Descriptions
Bateson: "It takes two to know one". We can't understand one phenomenon based upon a singular
description or quantity.
Early Phase Strategies
a. First, attended to the client's processing by keeping the focus on their pain, as opposed to perspective:
SAY: "It sounds like you're having a hard time in your marriage."
DONT SAY: "It is just awful how your husband treats you."
b. Join with the clients by aligning with their goals, not aligning with the person against another party.
c. Keep focus on ways in which they can better manage themselves during difficult relationship
interactions
d. reflect and attend to client's perspective.
SAY: "So you're experiencing your husband's actions as controlling.:
DONT SAY: "Yes, your husband's actions are in fact controlling."
Later Phase Strategies
, a. Begin to explore the client's role in their marriage's interactional cycle.
b. As clients explore their party of the interactional dynamic, gradually tie that to their partner's role.
Focus on ROLE nor PERSONALITY
c. Engage the client's curiosity into what his or her partner may be experiencing
d. don't justify maladaptive behavior from the partner
Boundaries
These are the theoretical lines of demarcation in a family that define a system as an entity and separate
the subsystems from one another and the system from its enviroment
Boundary interface
Regions between each subsystem of the family and between the family and the suprasystem
Open Systems
Interact regularly with the environment with relatively no inhibition. This runs the risk of diffuse
boundaries, leading to chaos
Closed systems
Are more isolated and resistant to interactions with the environment. Run the risk of rigidity.
Family Maps/Models
Individuals and the system at large will consciously or unconsciously use model or maps meant to
manage their boundaries and make sense of their individual and shared realities.
Circular Causality
In determining the origins of problems, general systems theory departs radically from traditional, linear
causality. This is different than linear causality and acknowledges that what things do, say, or feel
mutually influence on another in a recursive, circular relationship
Entropy
This refers to a system's tendency to break down which, over time, threatens the survival of the system.
This occurs when there is either an excess or absence of negative or positive feedback throughout the
system
Negative entropy
A systemic state that emerges when a system is balanced between openness and closeness
Equifinality
This is the idea that an organism or system can reach a certain end state from a variety of different
sources, conditions, and means or from different initial states. For example GAD may stem from a
biological imbalance, trauma, or existential givens
Equipotentiality
and Correct Answers, With Complete Verified
Solution. Latest Update 2024/2025.
Bertrand Russell
Wrote Theory of Logical Types which eventually influenced Gregory Bateson
Norbert Weiner
Developed the framework for Cybernetics
Ludwig von Bertalanffy
Developed General Systems Theory
John Bowlby
Founder of Attachment Theory
Paul Popenoe
Founded the American Institute of Family Relations
Emily Mudd
Founded the Marriage Council of Philadelphia which became the AAMFT
John Bell
May have been the first to treat families using family group therapy which had three phases
1. Child-centered
2. Parent-centered
3. Family-centered
Robert MacGregor
developed Multiple Impact Therapy
Don Jackson
Introduced the term Conjoint Therapy
Pseudomutuality
describes a systemic pretense of harmony and closeness that hides conflict and interferes with intimacy
Pseudohostility
A volatile and intense way of disguising and distorting both affection and splits
Rubber-Fence Boundary
,The families are seemingly yielding, but are in fact nearly impermeable to information from outside the
system
Marital Schism
The parents are overly focused on their own problems which harms the marriage, the individuals, and
the children
Marital Skew
"One parent dominates the family and the other is dependent;
children often torn between parents; deficits in addressing kids' needs that dysfunction or schizophrenia
result"
Gregory Bateson
Started the Mental Research Institute
Six characteristics of double bind
1. The communication involves two or more people who are involved in an important emotional
relationship
2. The pattern of communication and the relationship is a repeated experience
3. The communication involves a primary negative injection or command, which comes under the threat
of punishment
4. A second abstract injection is given that contradicts the primary injunction but is usually nonverbal
and occurs under the threat of punishment
5. a third negative injunction both demands a response and prevents escape, effectively binding the
recipient
6. when the above double bind messages have been communicated enough, the individual has become
conditioned
Double Descriptions
Bateson: "It takes two to know one". We can't understand one phenomenon based upon a singular
description or quantity.
Early Phase Strategies
a. First, attended to the client's processing by keeping the focus on their pain, as opposed to perspective:
SAY: "It sounds like you're having a hard time in your marriage."
DONT SAY: "It is just awful how your husband treats you."
b. Join with the clients by aligning with their goals, not aligning with the person against another party.
c. Keep focus on ways in which they can better manage themselves during difficult relationship
interactions
d. reflect and attend to client's perspective.
SAY: "So you're experiencing your husband's actions as controlling.:
DONT SAY: "Yes, your husband's actions are in fact controlling."
Later Phase Strategies
, a. Begin to explore the client's role in their marriage's interactional cycle.
b. As clients explore their party of the interactional dynamic, gradually tie that to their partner's role.
Focus on ROLE nor PERSONALITY
c. Engage the client's curiosity into what his or her partner may be experiencing
d. don't justify maladaptive behavior from the partner
Boundaries
These are the theoretical lines of demarcation in a family that define a system as an entity and separate
the subsystems from one another and the system from its enviroment
Boundary interface
Regions between each subsystem of the family and between the family and the suprasystem
Open Systems
Interact regularly with the environment with relatively no inhibition. This runs the risk of diffuse
boundaries, leading to chaos
Closed systems
Are more isolated and resistant to interactions with the environment. Run the risk of rigidity.
Family Maps/Models
Individuals and the system at large will consciously or unconsciously use model or maps meant to
manage their boundaries and make sense of their individual and shared realities.
Circular Causality
In determining the origins of problems, general systems theory departs radically from traditional, linear
causality. This is different than linear causality and acknowledges that what things do, say, or feel
mutually influence on another in a recursive, circular relationship
Entropy
This refers to a system's tendency to break down which, over time, threatens the survival of the system.
This occurs when there is either an excess or absence of negative or positive feedback throughout the
system
Negative entropy
A systemic state that emerges when a system is balanced between openness and closeness
Equifinality
This is the idea that an organism or system can reach a certain end state from a variety of different
sources, conditions, and means or from different initial states. For example GAD may stem from a
biological imbalance, trauma, or existential givens
Equipotentiality
