Final Exam: PRN1178/ PRN 1178 (NEW
2024/ 2025 Update) Client-Centered Care II|
Review with Questions and Verified Answers|
100% Correct| A Grade - Rasmussen
QUESTION
S/S of IBD
Answer:
*diarrhea
-may contain blood or mucus
*abdominal pain or cramping
*malaise
*fever
*weight loss
QUESTION
treatment of IBD
Answer:
*medications
-anti-inflammatory agents
-antidiarrheal drugs
*↓ fat, ↓ fiber diet that is ↑ in protein and calories
QUESTION
Nursing Management of IBD
Answer:
*monitor symptoms
*maintaining fluid and nutrition status
*controlling pain
,QUESTION
Intestinal obstruction
Answer:
blockage of intestine that prevents normal passage of GI contents through the bowels
QUESTION
mechanical obstruction
*results in..
*examples
Answer:
*blockage of the lumen of the bowel
*examples:
-tumors
-adhesions
-strangulated hernia
-twisting of bowel (volvulus)
-telescoping of one part of the bowel into itself (intussusception)
**extra examples from the book:
-barium impaction
-intestinal parasites
-gallstones
QUESTION
adhesions form when...
Answer:
inflammation from abdominal trauma or surgery has occurred, and fibrous bands of scar tissue
hold together two segments of bowel that are normally separated.
QUESTION
non-mechanical obstruction
*results from...
*examples
,Answer:
*absence of peristalsis
*examples
-paralytic ileus (failure of forward movement of bowel contents) after abdominal surgery
-infection
-consequence of hypokalemia
-electrolyte imbalance
**extra examples from book:
-peritonitis
-uremia
-heavy-metal poisoning
QUESTION
non-mechanical obstruction may be secondary to...
Answer:
intestinal thrombus
QUESTION
S/S of intestinal obstruction
*high in intestinal tract
*acute in upper abdomen
*in the colon
*complete obstruction
Answer:
*high in intestinal tract
-sharp, brief pains in upper abdomen
-frequent, high pitched bowel sounds heard above obstruction
-bowel sounds absent below obstruction
-vomiting
-dehydration
-slight abdominal distention
*acute in upper abdomen
-respiratory difficulty (due to pressure of distended abdomen against diaphram)
*in the colon
-gradual onset
-abdominal distention as bowel fills
-vomiting (usually late in process if at all)
-pains that last several minutes or longer (corresponds with peristaltic waves)
*complete obstruction
, -fecal odor or material in emesis
QUESTION
diagnosis and treatment of intestinal obstruction
Answer:
*abdominal radiographs (to locate obstruction)
*NG tube
-relieves symptoms by decompressing or removing gas, intestinal contents, and mucous
*Miller-Abbott tube
-uses balloon that is inflated once within the pylorus
*surgery
-for adhesions, volvulus, hernia, or tumor
QUESTION
surgery for intestinal obstructions
*adhesions
*volvulus
*colectomy
Answer:
*lysed (broken apart)
*untwisted
*may be necessary if tumor is involved
QUESTION
Nursing management of intestinal obstruction
Answer:
*fowler position (relieves pressure and aids in removing gas/intestinal contents through intestinal
tube)
*auscultate for bowel sounds
*monitor fluid & electrolyte closely
*measure abdominal girth (every 2-4 hours)
*pain control
-worsening pain --> may mean unresolved issue (can lead to rupture of intestine, peritonitis,
shock, and death)
*surgical correction if obstruction can't be resolved
2024/ 2025 Update) Client-Centered Care II|
Review with Questions and Verified Answers|
100% Correct| A Grade - Rasmussen
QUESTION
S/S of IBD
Answer:
*diarrhea
-may contain blood or mucus
*abdominal pain or cramping
*malaise
*fever
*weight loss
QUESTION
treatment of IBD
Answer:
*medications
-anti-inflammatory agents
-antidiarrheal drugs
*↓ fat, ↓ fiber diet that is ↑ in protein and calories
QUESTION
Nursing Management of IBD
Answer:
*monitor symptoms
*maintaining fluid and nutrition status
*controlling pain
,QUESTION
Intestinal obstruction
Answer:
blockage of intestine that prevents normal passage of GI contents through the bowels
QUESTION
mechanical obstruction
*results in..
*examples
Answer:
*blockage of the lumen of the bowel
*examples:
-tumors
-adhesions
-strangulated hernia
-twisting of bowel (volvulus)
-telescoping of one part of the bowel into itself (intussusception)
**extra examples from the book:
-barium impaction
-intestinal parasites
-gallstones
QUESTION
adhesions form when...
Answer:
inflammation from abdominal trauma or surgery has occurred, and fibrous bands of scar tissue
hold together two segments of bowel that are normally separated.
QUESTION
non-mechanical obstruction
*results from...
*examples
,Answer:
*absence of peristalsis
*examples
-paralytic ileus (failure of forward movement of bowel contents) after abdominal surgery
-infection
-consequence of hypokalemia
-electrolyte imbalance
**extra examples from book:
-peritonitis
-uremia
-heavy-metal poisoning
QUESTION
non-mechanical obstruction may be secondary to...
Answer:
intestinal thrombus
QUESTION
S/S of intestinal obstruction
*high in intestinal tract
*acute in upper abdomen
*in the colon
*complete obstruction
Answer:
*high in intestinal tract
-sharp, brief pains in upper abdomen
-frequent, high pitched bowel sounds heard above obstruction
-bowel sounds absent below obstruction
-vomiting
-dehydration
-slight abdominal distention
*acute in upper abdomen
-respiratory difficulty (due to pressure of distended abdomen against diaphram)
*in the colon
-gradual onset
-abdominal distention as bowel fills
-vomiting (usually late in process if at all)
-pains that last several minutes or longer (corresponds with peristaltic waves)
*complete obstruction
, -fecal odor or material in emesis
QUESTION
diagnosis and treatment of intestinal obstruction
Answer:
*abdominal radiographs (to locate obstruction)
*NG tube
-relieves symptoms by decompressing or removing gas, intestinal contents, and mucous
*Miller-Abbott tube
-uses balloon that is inflated once within the pylorus
*surgery
-for adhesions, volvulus, hernia, or tumor
QUESTION
surgery for intestinal obstructions
*adhesions
*volvulus
*colectomy
Answer:
*lysed (broken apart)
*untwisted
*may be necessary if tumor is involved
QUESTION
Nursing management of intestinal obstruction
Answer:
*fowler position (relieves pressure and aids in removing gas/intestinal contents through intestinal
tube)
*auscultate for bowel sounds
*monitor fluid & electrolyte closely
*measure abdominal girth (every 2-4 hours)
*pain control
-worsening pain --> may mean unresolved issue (can lead to rupture of intestine, peritonitis,
shock, and death)
*surgical correction if obstruction can't be resolved
