CRI Final Exam
What does Creative Industries bring together? (Hartely) - ANSWER Brings together
in a provisional convergence a range of sectors which have not typically been linked
with each other; The creative arts (visual and performing arts, dance, theatre etc.);
the established media (broadcasting, film, TV, radio, music); New Media (software,
games, e-commerce and e-content) together with architecture and design.
David Throsby's Concentric - ANSWER Core creative arts- literature, music,
performing arts, visual arts.
Other core cultural industries- Film, museums, galleries, libraries, Photography.
Wider cultural industries- heritage services, publishing and print media, television
and radio, sound recording, video and computer games.
Related Industries—Advertising, architecture, design, fashion.
Hartely's Creative Industries Schema of Four Phases - ANSWER Creative Clusters,
Creative Services, Creative Ciitizens, Creative Cities
Creative Clusters - ANSWER Industry definition; creative outputs; closed expert
pipeline.
Creative Services - ANSWER Culture definition; creative users; open innovation
network
Creative Citizens - ANSWER Culture definition; creative users; open innovation
network
Creative Cities - ANSWER Complexity definition; creative emergence and
innovation; self-organizing adaptive systems
Davies & Sigthorsson's take on Creative Industries - ANSWER - The creative
industries don't exist- at least not as a unified category
- We treat the 'creative industries' as an umbrella term
- They are all connected by three defining features; human activity, symbolic
messages, and intellectual property.
What is the Creativity Origins - ANSWER Origins: 17th/18th century Age of
Enlightenment. Immanuel Kant, Western Philosophy and Aesthetics. Modern use of
the word is a product of the mid-20th century
Immanuel Kant's Asethetic Theory - Aesthetics (18th Century) - ANSWER An
aesthetic judgment is a judgment which is based on feeling, and in particular on the
feeling of pleasure or displeasure.
,Aesthetics and Taste Relationship - ANSWER All images are subject to judgement
about their qualities (such as beauty) and their capacity to have an impact on
vieers... All viewers interpretations involve two fundamental concepts of value-
aesthetics and taste
The dual meaning of the word "taste"- Gastronomy and Cultural Value - ANSWER
Gastronomy- Taste is about the 5 senses- related to food, i.e., sweetness, sourness,
saltiness, bitterness, and savoriness.
Cultural Value
Taste is informed by experiences relating to one's class, cultural background,
education, and other aspects of identity.
Taste as a Cultural Value - ANSWER Taste is informed by experiences relating to
one/s class, cultural background, education, and other aspects of identity... when we
say people have good taste we often means that they participate and are educated
in middle class or upper class notions of what is tasteful, whether or not they actually
inhabit these class positions.
Defining Creativity (Hartely) - ANSWER - The idea of creative ex nihilo (i.e., Latin for
"out of nothing") dominates accounts of western creativity.
- The fascination with conjuring something out of "thin air" or thinking "out of the
box," suggests serendipity or in rare cases an act of genius" (p. 66)
- The English word to "to create" derives from the Latin word creare "to produce, to
make".
Key Point to Note on Creativity - ANSWER Creativity is part of a complex dynamic
system of feedback, one in which novel ideas and acts may result in creativity - but
only in the context of an interaction with a symbolic system inherited from previous
generations, and with a social system qualitied to evaluate and accept money. The
relationship between the creative industries and creativity has become a divisive
issue.
Why is the word creativity so divisive? - ANSWER The noun form 'creativity'
conjures up a range of association, Hartely et al state, adding that and is applied to
products or works that involve a certain amount of novelty.
Defining Experts - ANSWER - Expertise is known as the status and role of
knowledgeable professionals.
- There is an opposition between "the experts" vs. "everybody else".
- Fetishizing experts
Time Magazine Example - ANSWER In 2006, Time Magazine celebrated "you" as
the person of the year, recognizing the rise of "user-created content." The magazine
noted that these consumers weren't only making content, they were also working for
nothing and beating the pros at their own game. - experts example
Cultural and Creative Education - ANSWER The foundational goals of the Ryerson
School of Creative Industries include: contributing to bridging the divide between
'suits' and 'creatives'
, Creative Industries Approach - ANSWER - The BA in Creative Industries program is
industry-based rather than focused on a specific discipline or professional field;
- An interdisciplinary approach that is facilitated by the modular structure of the
program;
- A module is defined as a sequence of six courses consisting of varying
combinations of required and elective courses in a discrete subject area.
Why is interdisciplinary learning useful to CI? - ANSWER Millennials lack today are
the soft skills like networking, socializing, and having the confidence to talk about
their accomplishments" - Blair Cadet
Cultural Work, Cultural Workplace - ANSWER Creativity is seen as a commodity,
required for the production of the product (measured in terms of audience ratings,
good reviews, prestige.) This tendency gives rise to risk aversion and conservation
toward innovation, as estimates of potential success are based on the past
successes of similar products. These act as reference points for assigning values to
new ideas for television drama production.
Creative Industries vs. Creative Economy - ANSWER - Creative Industries as a
concept, first emerged in the late 1990s as a model for a post-industrial development
coupled with urban regeneration.
- Creative economy emerged as an attempt to rethink the economic system such as
the "knowledge economy.
UNESCO Creative Industries Definition - ANSWER UNESCO defines cultural and
creative industries as sectors of organized activity whose principal purpose is the
production or reproduction, promotion, distribution and/or commercialization of
goods, services, and activities of a cultural, artistic, or heritage related nature.
- UNESCO means The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization
Industrial Economy - ANSWER - Based on Fordist manufacturing
- American Henry Ford (1863-1947) founded the Ford Motor Company in Detroit in
1903.
- The Assembly Line
Post-Industrial Economy - ANSWER - Linked with the rise of globalization in the
1970s and 1980s
- 2 Factors: computer technology and improved international telecommunications
The Creative Economy - ANSWER A 'creative economy' emerged, vying without
attempts to rethink the entire economic system such as the 'knowledge economy'.
The incoherence of the original definition of 'creative industries' left the boundaries of
the category fluid and therefore what was 'in' or 'out' remained contestable, and its
relation to neighbouring sectors undecided.
Where's the CI work? - ANSWER Hartley et al. state that there is detailed statistical
mapping work that shows that there is more creative employment outside the
creative industries than inside them.
What does Creative Industries bring together? (Hartely) - ANSWER Brings together
in a provisional convergence a range of sectors which have not typically been linked
with each other; The creative arts (visual and performing arts, dance, theatre etc.);
the established media (broadcasting, film, TV, radio, music); New Media (software,
games, e-commerce and e-content) together with architecture and design.
David Throsby's Concentric - ANSWER Core creative arts- literature, music,
performing arts, visual arts.
Other core cultural industries- Film, museums, galleries, libraries, Photography.
Wider cultural industries- heritage services, publishing and print media, television
and radio, sound recording, video and computer games.
Related Industries—Advertising, architecture, design, fashion.
Hartely's Creative Industries Schema of Four Phases - ANSWER Creative Clusters,
Creative Services, Creative Ciitizens, Creative Cities
Creative Clusters - ANSWER Industry definition; creative outputs; closed expert
pipeline.
Creative Services - ANSWER Culture definition; creative users; open innovation
network
Creative Citizens - ANSWER Culture definition; creative users; open innovation
network
Creative Cities - ANSWER Complexity definition; creative emergence and
innovation; self-organizing adaptive systems
Davies & Sigthorsson's take on Creative Industries - ANSWER - The creative
industries don't exist- at least not as a unified category
- We treat the 'creative industries' as an umbrella term
- They are all connected by three defining features; human activity, symbolic
messages, and intellectual property.
What is the Creativity Origins - ANSWER Origins: 17th/18th century Age of
Enlightenment. Immanuel Kant, Western Philosophy and Aesthetics. Modern use of
the word is a product of the mid-20th century
Immanuel Kant's Asethetic Theory - Aesthetics (18th Century) - ANSWER An
aesthetic judgment is a judgment which is based on feeling, and in particular on the
feeling of pleasure or displeasure.
,Aesthetics and Taste Relationship - ANSWER All images are subject to judgement
about their qualities (such as beauty) and their capacity to have an impact on
vieers... All viewers interpretations involve two fundamental concepts of value-
aesthetics and taste
The dual meaning of the word "taste"- Gastronomy and Cultural Value - ANSWER
Gastronomy- Taste is about the 5 senses- related to food, i.e., sweetness, sourness,
saltiness, bitterness, and savoriness.
Cultural Value
Taste is informed by experiences relating to one's class, cultural background,
education, and other aspects of identity.
Taste as a Cultural Value - ANSWER Taste is informed by experiences relating to
one/s class, cultural background, education, and other aspects of identity... when we
say people have good taste we often means that they participate and are educated
in middle class or upper class notions of what is tasteful, whether or not they actually
inhabit these class positions.
Defining Creativity (Hartely) - ANSWER - The idea of creative ex nihilo (i.e., Latin for
"out of nothing") dominates accounts of western creativity.
- The fascination with conjuring something out of "thin air" or thinking "out of the
box," suggests serendipity or in rare cases an act of genius" (p. 66)
- The English word to "to create" derives from the Latin word creare "to produce, to
make".
Key Point to Note on Creativity - ANSWER Creativity is part of a complex dynamic
system of feedback, one in which novel ideas and acts may result in creativity - but
only in the context of an interaction with a symbolic system inherited from previous
generations, and with a social system qualitied to evaluate and accept money. The
relationship between the creative industries and creativity has become a divisive
issue.
Why is the word creativity so divisive? - ANSWER The noun form 'creativity'
conjures up a range of association, Hartely et al state, adding that and is applied to
products or works that involve a certain amount of novelty.
Defining Experts - ANSWER - Expertise is known as the status and role of
knowledgeable professionals.
- There is an opposition between "the experts" vs. "everybody else".
- Fetishizing experts
Time Magazine Example - ANSWER In 2006, Time Magazine celebrated "you" as
the person of the year, recognizing the rise of "user-created content." The magazine
noted that these consumers weren't only making content, they were also working for
nothing and beating the pros at their own game. - experts example
Cultural and Creative Education - ANSWER The foundational goals of the Ryerson
School of Creative Industries include: contributing to bridging the divide between
'suits' and 'creatives'
, Creative Industries Approach - ANSWER - The BA in Creative Industries program is
industry-based rather than focused on a specific discipline or professional field;
- An interdisciplinary approach that is facilitated by the modular structure of the
program;
- A module is defined as a sequence of six courses consisting of varying
combinations of required and elective courses in a discrete subject area.
Why is interdisciplinary learning useful to CI? - ANSWER Millennials lack today are
the soft skills like networking, socializing, and having the confidence to talk about
their accomplishments" - Blair Cadet
Cultural Work, Cultural Workplace - ANSWER Creativity is seen as a commodity,
required for the production of the product (measured in terms of audience ratings,
good reviews, prestige.) This tendency gives rise to risk aversion and conservation
toward innovation, as estimates of potential success are based on the past
successes of similar products. These act as reference points for assigning values to
new ideas for television drama production.
Creative Industries vs. Creative Economy - ANSWER - Creative Industries as a
concept, first emerged in the late 1990s as a model for a post-industrial development
coupled with urban regeneration.
- Creative economy emerged as an attempt to rethink the economic system such as
the "knowledge economy.
UNESCO Creative Industries Definition - ANSWER UNESCO defines cultural and
creative industries as sectors of organized activity whose principal purpose is the
production or reproduction, promotion, distribution and/or commercialization of
goods, services, and activities of a cultural, artistic, or heritage related nature.
- UNESCO means The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization
Industrial Economy - ANSWER - Based on Fordist manufacturing
- American Henry Ford (1863-1947) founded the Ford Motor Company in Detroit in
1903.
- The Assembly Line
Post-Industrial Economy - ANSWER - Linked with the rise of globalization in the
1970s and 1980s
- 2 Factors: computer technology and improved international telecommunications
The Creative Economy - ANSWER A 'creative economy' emerged, vying without
attempts to rethink the entire economic system such as the 'knowledge economy'.
The incoherence of the original definition of 'creative industries' left the boundaries of
the category fluid and therefore what was 'in' or 'out' remained contestable, and its
relation to neighbouring sectors undecided.
Where's the CI work? - ANSWER Hartley et al. state that there is detailed statistical
mapping work that shows that there is more creative employment outside the
creative industries than inside them.
