BIO 169 Final Exam (Answered) 109
Questions and Correct Answers, 100%
Correct. 2025/2025.
What are the functions of the endocrine system?
controls - reproduction, metabolism, growth/development, fluid/electrolyte balance, resistance to stress
What are paracrine secretions? Traits?
Local hormone that enters interstitial fluid but affects only neighboring cells. Potent and secreted in
small amounts, only when needed. They break down quickly.
What hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?
ACTH-Adrenocorticotropic hormone.
FSH-Follicle-stimulating hormone.
GH-Growth hormone. Also called STH, or somatotrophic hormone.
LH-Luteinizing hormone.
PRL-Prolactin.
TSH-Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Name some steroid hormones.
sex hormones-testosterone, estrogens. Also, aldosterone, cortisol.
Name some nonsteroid hormones.
norepinephrine and epinephrine (amines)
PTH (parathyroid hormone), GH (growth hormone), and PRL (prolactin) (protein hormones)
FHS (follicle stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), and TSH (thyroid- stimulating hormone).
(glycoproteins)
ADH, or antidiuretic hormone and OT, or oxytocin),(TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone), SS
(somastostatin), and GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone). (peptides)
What are the second messengers?
cAMP, cGMP, diacylglycerol (DAG)
What are the "fight-or-flight" hormones?
Epinephrine and norephinephrine
ADH
antiduiretic hormone. Raises blood pressure, causes kidneys to reduce water excretion.
Where are colloids found?
, thyroid
What is the cuddle hormone and hormone instrumental in labor?
oxytocin
What are the intermediaries in the formation of norepinephrine?
dopa and dopamine
What hormone is involved in Vit D absorption and increased absorption of calcium?
parathyroid hormone
What hormones determine basal metabolic rate?
T3 and T4
What hormone is responsible for the biological clock?
melatonin
ADH hormone is released from the ___.
pituitary gland
What is the hormone that causes the kidney to secrete Na and excrete K and cause water retention?
aldosterone
What is calcitonin secreted by?
thyroid gland
Type II diabetes
Maturity onset diabetes. Happens later in life. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Loss of insulin receptors.
Associated with obesity.
Type I diabetes
An autoimmune disorder where immune system attacks beta cells of pancreas. Insulin cannot be
produced. Juvenile diabetes.
Diabetes insipidus
Body is not producing or responding to ADH. Impairs regulation of water balance. Lots of urine.
Dehydration.
What is the fight-or-flight gland and what part of nervous system is involved?
adrenal gland, sympathetic nervous system
What hormone lowers blood calcium and phosphate ion levels and stimulates bone formation?
calcitonin
Questions and Correct Answers, 100%
Correct. 2025/2025.
What are the functions of the endocrine system?
controls - reproduction, metabolism, growth/development, fluid/electrolyte balance, resistance to stress
What are paracrine secretions? Traits?
Local hormone that enters interstitial fluid but affects only neighboring cells. Potent and secreted in
small amounts, only when needed. They break down quickly.
What hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?
ACTH-Adrenocorticotropic hormone.
FSH-Follicle-stimulating hormone.
GH-Growth hormone. Also called STH, or somatotrophic hormone.
LH-Luteinizing hormone.
PRL-Prolactin.
TSH-Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Name some steroid hormones.
sex hormones-testosterone, estrogens. Also, aldosterone, cortisol.
Name some nonsteroid hormones.
norepinephrine and epinephrine (amines)
PTH (parathyroid hormone), GH (growth hormone), and PRL (prolactin) (protein hormones)
FHS (follicle stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), and TSH (thyroid- stimulating hormone).
(glycoproteins)
ADH, or antidiuretic hormone and OT, or oxytocin),(TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone), SS
(somastostatin), and GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone). (peptides)
What are the second messengers?
cAMP, cGMP, diacylglycerol (DAG)
What are the "fight-or-flight" hormones?
Epinephrine and norephinephrine
ADH
antiduiretic hormone. Raises blood pressure, causes kidneys to reduce water excretion.
Where are colloids found?
, thyroid
What is the cuddle hormone and hormone instrumental in labor?
oxytocin
What are the intermediaries in the formation of norepinephrine?
dopa and dopamine
What hormone is involved in Vit D absorption and increased absorption of calcium?
parathyroid hormone
What hormones determine basal metabolic rate?
T3 and T4
What hormone is responsible for the biological clock?
melatonin
ADH hormone is released from the ___.
pituitary gland
What is the hormone that causes the kidney to secrete Na and excrete K and cause water retention?
aldosterone
What is calcitonin secreted by?
thyroid gland
Type II diabetes
Maturity onset diabetes. Happens later in life. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Loss of insulin receptors.
Associated with obesity.
Type I diabetes
An autoimmune disorder where immune system attacks beta cells of pancreas. Insulin cannot be
produced. Juvenile diabetes.
Diabetes insipidus
Body is not producing or responding to ADH. Impairs regulation of water balance. Lots of urine.
Dehydration.
What is the fight-or-flight gland and what part of nervous system is involved?
adrenal gland, sympathetic nervous system
What hormone lowers blood calcium and phosphate ion levels and stimulates bone formation?
calcitonin
