HUN4221 Quiz 1| Questions and Answers 2024
folate is the generic descriptor for ____ and related compounds exhibiting the ___
of folic acid ** Answ** folic acid; biological activity
folic acid vs food folate ** Answ** synthetic form vs natural form
supplements usually have ___ version ** Answ** folic acid (synthetic)
sources of folic acid ** Answ** - enriched cereal grain products
- fortified ready to eat breakfast cereals
- folic acid containing supplements
three components of folic acid ** Answ** - pteridine
- PABA
- glutamic acid
two components of folic acid ** Answ** - pteroic acid (pteridine and PABA)
- glutamic acid
highest amounts of food folate ** Answ** pinto beans and lentils
food folate and folic acid ___ the same ** Answ** function
differences in food folate compared to folic acid ** Answ** - less double
bonds (more H) and can have multiple glutamic acid residues
food folate is almost exclusively in ___ form as polyglutamate derivatives of ___
** Answ** reduced; tetrahydrofolic acid
two common forms of food folate ** Answ** 5-methyl-THF and 10-formyl-
THF
, two step absorption of folate ** Answ** - hydrolysis - GCPII
- absorption (saturable and non-saturable)
enzyme that hydrolyzes folate ** Answ** glutamate carboxypeptidase II
GCPII cleaves food ___ in jejunal ___ to monoglutamate ** Answ**
polyglutamates, brush border
GCPII acts as an ___ cleaving ___ glutamates ** Answ** exopeptidase,
terminal
optimum pH for GCPII ** Answ** 6.5
saturable absorption is a ___ process ** Answ** carrier mediated process
intestinal uptake of folate is mediated by ___ ** Answ** proton-coupled folate
transporter (PCFT)
PCFT is a ___ protein located on ___ membrane of enterocyte ** Answ**
transmembrane, apical
non-saturable absorption happens ___ ** Answ** without a transporter
within intestinal cell, folic acid is reduced to ___ in 2 step process ** Answ**
tetrahydrofolate
___ is required to reduce folic acid to THF and it is easily ___ ** Answ**
dihydrofolate reductase; saturated
___ folic acid found in blood when more than ___ micrograms are taken **
Answ** oxidized, 200
folic acid loses ___ in each step of reduction to THF ** Answ** 2 hydrogens
circulating form of folate ** Answ** 5-methyl THF
folate is the generic descriptor for ____ and related compounds exhibiting the ___
of folic acid ** Answ** folic acid; biological activity
folic acid vs food folate ** Answ** synthetic form vs natural form
supplements usually have ___ version ** Answ** folic acid (synthetic)
sources of folic acid ** Answ** - enriched cereal grain products
- fortified ready to eat breakfast cereals
- folic acid containing supplements
three components of folic acid ** Answ** - pteridine
- PABA
- glutamic acid
two components of folic acid ** Answ** - pteroic acid (pteridine and PABA)
- glutamic acid
highest amounts of food folate ** Answ** pinto beans and lentils
food folate and folic acid ___ the same ** Answ** function
differences in food folate compared to folic acid ** Answ** - less double
bonds (more H) and can have multiple glutamic acid residues
food folate is almost exclusively in ___ form as polyglutamate derivatives of ___
** Answ** reduced; tetrahydrofolic acid
two common forms of food folate ** Answ** 5-methyl-THF and 10-formyl-
THF
, two step absorption of folate ** Answ** - hydrolysis - GCPII
- absorption (saturable and non-saturable)
enzyme that hydrolyzes folate ** Answ** glutamate carboxypeptidase II
GCPII cleaves food ___ in jejunal ___ to monoglutamate ** Answ**
polyglutamates, brush border
GCPII acts as an ___ cleaving ___ glutamates ** Answ** exopeptidase,
terminal
optimum pH for GCPII ** Answ** 6.5
saturable absorption is a ___ process ** Answ** carrier mediated process
intestinal uptake of folate is mediated by ___ ** Answ** proton-coupled folate
transporter (PCFT)
PCFT is a ___ protein located on ___ membrane of enterocyte ** Answ**
transmembrane, apical
non-saturable absorption happens ___ ** Answ** without a transporter
within intestinal cell, folic acid is reduced to ___ in 2 step process ** Answ**
tetrahydrofolate
___ is required to reduce folic acid to THF and it is easily ___ ** Answ**
dihydrofolate reductase; saturated
___ folic acid found in blood when more than ___ micrograms are taken **
Answ** oxidized, 200
folic acid loses ___ in each step of reduction to THF ** Answ** 2 hydrogens
circulating form of folate ** Answ** 5-methyl THF
