Nutrition 1020 Unit 1 Study Set Summary
Food *** Substances consumed that nourishes the body
Essential *** The body cannot make these nutrients they must be consumed,
without an intake, specific deficiency signs and symptoms occur
Energy-Producing Nutrients (macronutrients) *** Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats
Provide Calories
Non-Energy Producing Nutrients (micronutrients) *** Vitamins, Minerals,
Water
Noncaloric
Carbohydrates provide ____ calories per gram *** 4
Fiber is a noncaloric carbohydrate because: *** it is indigestible
Protein provides ____ calories per gram *** 4
Fats provide ____ calories per gram *** 9
Alcohol provides ____ calories per gram *** 7
We capture the chemical energy between the carbon-carbon bonds in indegestible
____, _____, and ______ to form ATP *** Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins
Carbohydrates are the... *** High Performance Fuel (fast and best at making
ATP)
Fats are the... *** Low Level Fuel (slow at producing ATP)
Proteins are the building blocks for... *** Growth and Repair
Food provides nutrients that provide nourishment to: *** Cells, Tissues, Organs,
Organisms
Nutrient Density *** amount of nutrients provided relative to the number of
calories
, Adequacy *** Essential nutrients, fiber, and energy (Calories) are present in the
diet.
Balance *** Food types complement one another in a diet, not any one nutrient
or food type is overbearing
Moderation *** the diet does not contain an excess of unwanted substances
Variety *** different foods are used for the same purpose in a diet
Health *** a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being; not just
the absence of infirmity
Malnutrition *** impairment of health resulting from deficiency, toxicity, or
imbalance of nutrient intake or body utilization (includes over-nutrition and under-
nutrition)
Poor diet promotes degenerative diseases / conditions such as: *** cancer, heart
disease, osteoporosis, diabetes, and obesity
Exercise *** promotes health, strive for 60 minutes per day
Smoking and tobacco is ________ to health *** detrimental
Hunger *** the physiological need for food
Satiety *** the physiological feedback feedback mechanisms that terminate food
intake
Appetite *** the psychological desire for food
Omnivore *** consume plant and animal foods
Vegetarian *** eats plants and limits or restricts animal food
Vegan *** strict vegetarian with no animal products whatsoever consumed
Organic Compound *** - carbohydrates are organic because they contain carbon
- they are compounds because they have more than one element in their structure
Food *** Substances consumed that nourishes the body
Essential *** The body cannot make these nutrients they must be consumed,
without an intake, specific deficiency signs and symptoms occur
Energy-Producing Nutrients (macronutrients) *** Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats
Provide Calories
Non-Energy Producing Nutrients (micronutrients) *** Vitamins, Minerals,
Water
Noncaloric
Carbohydrates provide ____ calories per gram *** 4
Fiber is a noncaloric carbohydrate because: *** it is indigestible
Protein provides ____ calories per gram *** 4
Fats provide ____ calories per gram *** 9
Alcohol provides ____ calories per gram *** 7
We capture the chemical energy between the carbon-carbon bonds in indegestible
____, _____, and ______ to form ATP *** Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins
Carbohydrates are the... *** High Performance Fuel (fast and best at making
ATP)
Fats are the... *** Low Level Fuel (slow at producing ATP)
Proteins are the building blocks for... *** Growth and Repair
Food provides nutrients that provide nourishment to: *** Cells, Tissues, Organs,
Organisms
Nutrient Density *** amount of nutrients provided relative to the number of
calories
, Adequacy *** Essential nutrients, fiber, and energy (Calories) are present in the
diet.
Balance *** Food types complement one another in a diet, not any one nutrient
or food type is overbearing
Moderation *** the diet does not contain an excess of unwanted substances
Variety *** different foods are used for the same purpose in a diet
Health *** a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being; not just
the absence of infirmity
Malnutrition *** impairment of health resulting from deficiency, toxicity, or
imbalance of nutrient intake or body utilization (includes over-nutrition and under-
nutrition)
Poor diet promotes degenerative diseases / conditions such as: *** cancer, heart
disease, osteoporosis, diabetes, and obesity
Exercise *** promotes health, strive for 60 minutes per day
Smoking and tobacco is ________ to health *** detrimental
Hunger *** the physiological need for food
Satiety *** the physiological feedback feedback mechanisms that terminate food
intake
Appetite *** the psychological desire for food
Omnivore *** consume plant and animal foods
Vegetarian *** eats plants and limits or restricts animal food
Vegan *** strict vegetarian with no animal products whatsoever consumed
Organic Compound *** - carbohydrates are organic because they contain carbon
- they are compounds because they have more than one element in their structure
