Introduction To Maternity And Pediatric Nursing 7th 8th 9th
Edition Leifer Test Bank
what are different settings for child birth - ANSWER: -hospitals
-freestanding birth centers
-home
What are the 4 "p's" of birth process - ANSWER: powers
passage
passenger
psyche
what are factors that influence the progress of labor - ANSWER: preparation
position
professional
place
procedures
people
what effects of contractions are on the cervix - ANSWER: efface: thin it out
dilate: open cervix
the powers, what are they
what are the 2 powers - ANSWER: -forces that cause the cervix to open and that move the fetus down
the birth canal
-uterine contractions and mothers pushing efforts
what might happen if contractions occur more often than 2 minutes - ANSWER: may reduce fetal o2
supply
what are phases of contractions - ANSWER: increment - see it rise
peak - hits high point
decrement - goes down
what are the following of contractions
frequency
duration
interval - ANSWER: -beginning of 1 contraction to the beginning of the next; no more frequent than
every 2 mins
-beginning and end of 1 contraction; 90 sec or less
-the amount of time the uterus relaxes between contractions; 60 sec
what is contraction intensity - ANSWER: approximate strength of contraction
described as mild, moderate, or strong
mild contraction - ANSWER: fundus is easily indented with fingertips, feels similar to the tip of the
nose
moderate contraction - ANSWER: fundus can be indented with fingertips, but with more difficulty.
feels similar to the chin
firm contractions - ANSWER: fundus cannot be readily indented with fingertips, feels similar to the
forehead
, what type of contractions should be reported - ANSWER: occur more frequently than every 2 min, last
longer than 90 sec, or have intervals shorter than 60 sec. there is decrease oxygen to the fetus and
can lead to hypoxia
what may reduce or eliminate the natural urge to push during labor - ANSWER: maternal exhaustion
or sometimes epidural analgesia
A mother in labor feels the urge to push but she isn't fully dilated, what is causing this and what could
happen - ANSWER: -the fetus pushes against the rectum
-it should be discouraged because it may contribute to maternal exhaustion, fetal hypoxia, and
tearing of maternal soft tissue
The passage
what does it consist of - ANSWER: mothers bony pelvis, soft tissue (cervix, muscles, ligaments, and
fascia) of her pelvis and perineum
where is the true pelvis - ANSWER: lower part, it is directly involved in childbirth, it is further divided
into the inlet at the top, mid pelvis, and the outlet near the perineum
where is the false pelvis - ANSWER: upper flaring part
when might the soft tissue yield more readily
when would it not - ANSWER: -women who have had a previous delivery should deliver quicker than
the first because their soft tissue yield more readily to the forces of contractions and pushing efforts
-primiparas or older women
what are the passengers - ANSWER: fetus, placenta, amniotic membranes, and amniotic fluid
what is the fetal head composed of - ANSWER: several bones separated by strong connective tissue
called sutures
what is a fontanelle - ANSWER: wider area that is formed where the sutures meet in the fetal head
what are 2 fontanelle that are important in OB - ANSWER: -anterior
-posterior
what is the anterior fontanelle - ANSWER: diamond shaped area; preferred
what is the posterior fontanelle - ANSWER: tiny triangular depression
what do the sutures and fontanelle of the fetal head allow - ANSWER: molding; change in shape as it
passes through the pelvis
what does the fetal lie describe
what is the most common lie - ANSWER: -how the fetus is oriented to the mothers spine. Either
longitudinal or transverse
-longitudinal; 99%> of births
what does presentation refer to
what is the most commom - ANSWER: -fetal part that enters the pelvis first
-cephalic presentation
what are the 4 variations of cephalic presentation - ANSWER: -vertex
-military
-brow
-face
Edition Leifer Test Bank
what are different settings for child birth - ANSWER: -hospitals
-freestanding birth centers
-home
What are the 4 "p's" of birth process - ANSWER: powers
passage
passenger
psyche
what are factors that influence the progress of labor - ANSWER: preparation
position
professional
place
procedures
people
what effects of contractions are on the cervix - ANSWER: efface: thin it out
dilate: open cervix
the powers, what are they
what are the 2 powers - ANSWER: -forces that cause the cervix to open and that move the fetus down
the birth canal
-uterine contractions and mothers pushing efforts
what might happen if contractions occur more often than 2 minutes - ANSWER: may reduce fetal o2
supply
what are phases of contractions - ANSWER: increment - see it rise
peak - hits high point
decrement - goes down
what are the following of contractions
frequency
duration
interval - ANSWER: -beginning of 1 contraction to the beginning of the next; no more frequent than
every 2 mins
-beginning and end of 1 contraction; 90 sec or less
-the amount of time the uterus relaxes between contractions; 60 sec
what is contraction intensity - ANSWER: approximate strength of contraction
described as mild, moderate, or strong
mild contraction - ANSWER: fundus is easily indented with fingertips, feels similar to the tip of the
nose
moderate contraction - ANSWER: fundus can be indented with fingertips, but with more difficulty.
feels similar to the chin
firm contractions - ANSWER: fundus cannot be readily indented with fingertips, feels similar to the
forehead
, what type of contractions should be reported - ANSWER: occur more frequently than every 2 min, last
longer than 90 sec, or have intervals shorter than 60 sec. there is decrease oxygen to the fetus and
can lead to hypoxia
what may reduce or eliminate the natural urge to push during labor - ANSWER: maternal exhaustion
or sometimes epidural analgesia
A mother in labor feels the urge to push but she isn't fully dilated, what is causing this and what could
happen - ANSWER: -the fetus pushes against the rectum
-it should be discouraged because it may contribute to maternal exhaustion, fetal hypoxia, and
tearing of maternal soft tissue
The passage
what does it consist of - ANSWER: mothers bony pelvis, soft tissue (cervix, muscles, ligaments, and
fascia) of her pelvis and perineum
where is the true pelvis - ANSWER: lower part, it is directly involved in childbirth, it is further divided
into the inlet at the top, mid pelvis, and the outlet near the perineum
where is the false pelvis - ANSWER: upper flaring part
when might the soft tissue yield more readily
when would it not - ANSWER: -women who have had a previous delivery should deliver quicker than
the first because their soft tissue yield more readily to the forces of contractions and pushing efforts
-primiparas or older women
what are the passengers - ANSWER: fetus, placenta, amniotic membranes, and amniotic fluid
what is the fetal head composed of - ANSWER: several bones separated by strong connective tissue
called sutures
what is a fontanelle - ANSWER: wider area that is formed where the sutures meet in the fetal head
what are 2 fontanelle that are important in OB - ANSWER: -anterior
-posterior
what is the anterior fontanelle - ANSWER: diamond shaped area; preferred
what is the posterior fontanelle - ANSWER: tiny triangular depression
what do the sutures and fontanelle of the fetal head allow - ANSWER: molding; change in shape as it
passes through the pelvis
what does the fetal lie describe
what is the most common lie - ANSWER: -how the fetus is oriented to the mothers spine. Either
longitudinal or transverse
-longitudinal; 99%> of births
what does presentation refer to
what is the most commom - ANSWER: -fetal part that enters the pelvis first
-cephalic presentation
what are the 4 variations of cephalic presentation - ANSWER: -vertex
-military
-brow
-face
