Microbiology A Systems Approach 5th 6th
Edition Cowan Test Bank
What is the concept of spontaneous generation? - ANSWER:living organisms could develop from
nonliving or decomposing matter
Who challenged the concept of spontaneous generation by showing that maggots on decaying meat
came from flies, not from the meat itself? - ANSWER:Francesco Redi
Who showed that mutton broth boiled in flasks and then sealed could still develop microorganisms,
which supported the theory of spontaneous generation? - ANSWER:John Needham
Who showed that flasks sealed and then boiled had no growth of microorganisms? - ANSWER:Lazzaro
Spallanzani
Who proposed that air carried germs? - ANSWER:Spallanzani
Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation? - ANSWER:Louis Pasteur
Who demonstrated that dust carried microbes and proved evidence for the existence of heat- resistant
forms of bacteria? - ANSWER:John Tyndall
Who showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus? - ANSWER:Agostino Bassi
Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight was caused by a water mold? - ANSWER:M. J. Berkely
,Who showed that the pebrine disease of silkworms was caused by a protozoan parasite? -
ANSWER:Louis Pasteur
Who developed a system of surgery designed to prevent microorganisms from entering wounds? -
ANSWER:John Lister
Who transformed the practice of surgery? - ANSWER:John Lister
Who established the relationship between Bacillus anthracis and anthrax? - ANSWER:Robert Koch
What are the Koch Postulates? - ANSWER:1.The microorganisms must be present in every case of the
disease but absent from healthy individuals
2.The suspected microorganisms must be isolated and grown in pure culture
3. The same disease must result when the isolated microorganism is inoculated into a healthy host
4. The same microorganism must be isolated again from the diseased host
Limitations of Koch's Postulates - ANSWER:-Some organisms cannot be grown in pure culture
-Using humans in completing the postulates is unethical
-Molecular and genetic evidence may replace
What vaccination did Edward Jenner make? - ANSWER:smallpox vaccination
What vaccinations did Pasteur produce? - ANSWER:chicken cholera, rabies and anthrax
Who induced formation of dipped toxin-antitoxins rabbits - ANSWER:Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo
Kitasato
,Who showed that the silkworm disease was caused by fungus? - ANSWER:Bassi
Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight of Ireland was caused by a water mold? - ANSWER:M.J.
Berkeley
Who showed that the perbrine disease of silkworms was caused by a protozoan parasite? -
ANSWER:Louis Pasteur
A simple morphology and lack a true membrane-delimited nucleus - ANSWER:prokaryotes
What is a morphologically complex and has a membrane-enclosed nucleus? - ANSWER:Eucaryotes
What let to the discovery of viruses as disease causing agents? - ANSWER:bacterial filter that removed
bacteria and larger microbes (Charles Chamberland)
The five kingdom classification scheme is - ANSWER:the Monera or Procaryotae, Protista, Fungi,
Animalia, and Plantae
What are ribozymes? - ANSWER:RNA molecules that form peptide bonds and perform cellular work and
replication
The three domain scheme is - ANSWER:Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
The three domain scheme is based on? - ANSWER:a comparaison of ribosomal RNA
The earliest cells may have been - ANSWER:RNA surrounded by liposomes
, What are the three bacterial morphology? - ANSWER:-bacillus (little rod)
-coccus (grain or berry)
-spirillum (coiled or helical)
What are the types of light microscopes? - ANSWER:-bright-field microscope
-dark-field microscope
-phase-contrast microscope
-fluorescence microscopes
What is a measure of how greatly a substance slows the velocity of light? - ANSWER:Refractive index
The direction and magnitude of bending light in a microscope is determined by the _____ -
ANSWER:refractive indexes of the two media forming the interface
Which microscope produces a dark image against a brighter background? - ANSWER:the bright-field
microscope
What is the product of the magnifications of the ocular lens and the objective lens? - ANSWER:the total
magnification
What is the total magnification of the bright field, dark field, and phase-contrast microscopes? -
ANSWER:2000x
What is the total resolution of the bright field, dark field, and phase contrast microscopes? -
ANSWER:0.2um
What is the purpose of the bright field microscope? - ANSWER:for live and preserved stained specimens
Edition Cowan Test Bank
What is the concept of spontaneous generation? - ANSWER:living organisms could develop from
nonliving or decomposing matter
Who challenged the concept of spontaneous generation by showing that maggots on decaying meat
came from flies, not from the meat itself? - ANSWER:Francesco Redi
Who showed that mutton broth boiled in flasks and then sealed could still develop microorganisms,
which supported the theory of spontaneous generation? - ANSWER:John Needham
Who showed that flasks sealed and then boiled had no growth of microorganisms? - ANSWER:Lazzaro
Spallanzani
Who proposed that air carried germs? - ANSWER:Spallanzani
Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation? - ANSWER:Louis Pasteur
Who demonstrated that dust carried microbes and proved evidence for the existence of heat- resistant
forms of bacteria? - ANSWER:John Tyndall
Who showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus? - ANSWER:Agostino Bassi
Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight was caused by a water mold? - ANSWER:M. J. Berkely
,Who showed that the pebrine disease of silkworms was caused by a protozoan parasite? -
ANSWER:Louis Pasteur
Who developed a system of surgery designed to prevent microorganisms from entering wounds? -
ANSWER:John Lister
Who transformed the practice of surgery? - ANSWER:John Lister
Who established the relationship between Bacillus anthracis and anthrax? - ANSWER:Robert Koch
What are the Koch Postulates? - ANSWER:1.The microorganisms must be present in every case of the
disease but absent from healthy individuals
2.The suspected microorganisms must be isolated and grown in pure culture
3. The same disease must result when the isolated microorganism is inoculated into a healthy host
4. The same microorganism must be isolated again from the diseased host
Limitations of Koch's Postulates - ANSWER:-Some organisms cannot be grown in pure culture
-Using humans in completing the postulates is unethical
-Molecular and genetic evidence may replace
What vaccination did Edward Jenner make? - ANSWER:smallpox vaccination
What vaccinations did Pasteur produce? - ANSWER:chicken cholera, rabies and anthrax
Who induced formation of dipped toxin-antitoxins rabbits - ANSWER:Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo
Kitasato
,Who showed that the silkworm disease was caused by fungus? - ANSWER:Bassi
Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight of Ireland was caused by a water mold? - ANSWER:M.J.
Berkeley
Who showed that the perbrine disease of silkworms was caused by a protozoan parasite? -
ANSWER:Louis Pasteur
A simple morphology and lack a true membrane-delimited nucleus - ANSWER:prokaryotes
What is a morphologically complex and has a membrane-enclosed nucleus? - ANSWER:Eucaryotes
What let to the discovery of viruses as disease causing agents? - ANSWER:bacterial filter that removed
bacteria and larger microbes (Charles Chamberland)
The five kingdom classification scheme is - ANSWER:the Monera or Procaryotae, Protista, Fungi,
Animalia, and Plantae
What are ribozymes? - ANSWER:RNA molecules that form peptide bonds and perform cellular work and
replication
The three domain scheme is - ANSWER:Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
The three domain scheme is based on? - ANSWER:a comparaison of ribosomal RNA
The earliest cells may have been - ANSWER:RNA surrounded by liposomes
, What are the three bacterial morphology? - ANSWER:-bacillus (little rod)
-coccus (grain or berry)
-spirillum (coiled or helical)
What are the types of light microscopes? - ANSWER:-bright-field microscope
-dark-field microscope
-phase-contrast microscope
-fluorescence microscopes
What is a measure of how greatly a substance slows the velocity of light? - ANSWER:Refractive index
The direction and magnitude of bending light in a microscope is determined by the _____ -
ANSWER:refractive indexes of the two media forming the interface
Which microscope produces a dark image against a brighter background? - ANSWER:the bright-field
microscope
What is the product of the magnifications of the ocular lens and the objective lens? - ANSWER:the total
magnification
What is the total magnification of the bright field, dark field, and phase-contrast microscopes? -
ANSWER:2000x
What is the total resolution of the bright field, dark field, and phase contrast microscopes? -
ANSWER:0.2um
What is the purpose of the bright field microscope? - ANSWER:for live and preserved stained specimens
